Abstract: A method and system for providing a multi-level interconnection network is provided. A multi-level interconnection network comprises basic cells that are aggregated into higher level cells at each level of the network. At the first level, the basic cells are aggregated into first level cells. Each first level cell is an aggregation of a number of basic cells that is one more than the number of devices in a basic cell. The basic cells of a first level cell are fully connected; that is, each basic cell has a first level link or connection to each other basic cell. In a first level cell, each device of a basic cell has a first level link to each other basic cell. The multi-level interconnection network has higher level cells that are aggregations of lower level cells in a similar manner.

Abstract: A fine-grained channel access system and method to facilitate fine-grained channel access in a high-data rate wide-band wireless local-area network (WLAN). Embodiments of the system and method divide an entire wireless channel into proper size subchannels commensurate with the physical layer data rate and typical frame size. Once the subchannels are defined, each node on the WLAN contends independently for each of the fine-grained subchannels. A first orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) technique is used to signal an access point on the WLAN that the node desires one or more of the subchannels. A second OFDM technique (which is different from the first OFDM technique) is used for data transmission. Sometimes there is contention between nodes that want the same subchannel. The access point resolves any contention between the nodes using a frequency domain contention technique that includes a frequency domain backoff technique.

Abstract: An uncontrolled spatial multiple access system and method facilitating spatial multiple access for multiple devices in a wireless local-area network (WLAN). Embodiments of the system and method increase throughput of the wireless network by facilitating concurrent encoded frame transmission. Decoding of the quasi-overlapped frames is achieved using a chain decoding technique that takes data streams (or signals) containing the quasi-overlapping encoded frames and isolates each encoded frame so that the frame can be decoded. Quasi-overlapped frames means that the frames are overlapped in the body of the frame but not at the preamble (or headers) of the frames. Embodiments of the chain decoding also use interference nullifying and interference cancelation to enable concurrent quasi-overlapping transmission.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed to compensate for non-linear effects resulting from the transmitter, the receiver, and/or the communication channel in a communication system. A receiver of the communication system contains an image cancellation module that compensates for images generated during the modulation and/or demodulation process. The image cancellation module includes a fine carrier correction loop to correct for frequency offsets between the transmitter and receiver. The image cancellation module includes a coarse acquisition mode and a decision directed mode. The decision directed mode allows for a larger signal-to-noise ratio for the receiver when compared against the coarse acquisition mode.

Abstract: An extensive use of look-up table (LUT) and single instruction multiple data (SIMD) in different algorithms in a software-defined radio (SDR) system is described. In particular, the LUT is used during spreading modulation, mapping and spreading, scrambling, de-scrambling, soft demapping, and the like. The SIMD is executed by a multi-core processor during implementation of a “min” operation to find an optimal path in a Trellis diagram for a Viterbi decoder.

Abstract: An analysis application is adapted to be executed on a computing device for collecting data for analysis from a software-defined radio implemented on the same computing device or on a separate computing device for testing measurement and analysis of wireless standards, radio configurations, communication protocols and other radio technologies.

Abstract: A pet strap assembly includes a drawing unit and a pulling unit detachably connected with the drawing unit. The drawing unit includes an elastic strap. The elastic strap includes an outer layer, at least one inner layer mounted in and surrounded by the outer layer and a plurality of resilient strips mounted in and surrounded by the at least one inner layer. Thus, the elastic drawing unit provides an elastic buffering effect to the user by the elastic action of the resilient strips to reduce the reaction applied by the pet on the user's hand to the minimum extent, thereby preventing the user's wrist from being hurt when the pet is running violently.

Abstract: An exemplary powered device (PD) connected to a local power source and a power sourcing equipment (PSE) includes a constant current source drawing at least 10 mA direct current from the PSE when the local power source is in operation. The PD includes a first conversion circuit, a first diode, and a second diode. The first conversion circuit comprises a first input and is configured for converting a voltage input to the first input into the rated working voltage of the PD. The positive terminal of the first diode is connected to the local power source and the negative terminal thereof is connected to the first input. The voltage of the local power source is higher than that of the PSE.

Abstract: A method and system for providing a multi-level interconnection network is provided. A multi-level interconnection network comprises basic cells that are aggregated into higher level cells at each level of the network. At the first level, the basic cells are aggregated into first level cells. Each first level cell is an aggregation of a number of basic cells that is one more than the number of devices in a basic cell. The basic cells of a first level cell are fully connected; that is, each basic cell has a first level link or connection to each other basic cell. In a first level cell, each device of a basic cell has a first level link to each other basic cell. The multi-level interconnection network has higher level cells that are aggregations of lower level cells in a similar manner.

Abstract: A radio control board exchanges data with a radio frequency (RF) front end using a messaging protocol over an interface that includes separate data and control channels. Training data can also be passed over the interface for tuning the clock phase.

Abstract: A radio control board passes a plurality of digital samples between a memory of a computing device and a radio frequency (RF) transceiver coupled to a system bus of the computing device. Processing of the digital samples is carried out one or more cores of a multi-core processor to implement a software-defined radio.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed to compensate for non-linear effects resulting from the transmitter, the receiver, and/or the communication channel in a communication system. A receiver of the communication system contains an image cancellation module that compensates for images generated during the modulation and/or demodulation process. The image cancellation module includes a fine carrier correction loop to correct for frequency offsets between the transmitter and receiver. The image cancellation module includes a coarse acquisition mode and a decision directed mode. The decision directed mode allows for a larger signal-to-noise ratio for the receiver when compared against the coarse acquisition mode.

Abstract: A method and system for providing a multi-level interconnection network is provided. A multi-level interconnection network comprises basic cells that are aggregated into higher level cells at each level of the network. At the first level, the basic cells are aggregated into first level cells. Each first level cell is an aggregation of a number of basic cells that is one more than the number of devices in a basic cell. The basic cells of a first level cell are fully connected; that is, each basic cell has a first level link or connection to each other basic cell. In a first level cell, each device of a basic cell has a first level link to each other basic cell. The multi-level interconnection network has higher level cells that are aggregations of lower level cells in a similar manner.

Abstract: A light emitting device comprising a ceramic substrate is disclosed. And embodiment of the substrate comprises a mounting portion, a peripheral wall extending from the mounting portion, and a reflective surface extending from the peripheral wall opposite the mounting portion. The reflective surface has a reflective material located thereon. The peripheral wall, the mounting portion, and the reflective surface form a well. A light emitter is located adjacent the mounting portion. A transparent material is located in the well. The peripheral wall is devoid of the reflective material.

Abstract: In a described implementation, a channel cost metric (CCM) is determined in a wireless network environment. The CCM may be determined responsive to an expected transmission time (ETT) and a frequency of air time (FAT), which reflects a channel utilization. In an example implementation, a channel assignment and/or a routing for a network configuration may be switched responsive to the determined CCM.

Abstract: Systems and methods for distributed overlay multi-channel MAC for wireless ad hoc networks are described. In one aspect, the systems and methods divide channel frequencies defined by a wireless network protocol into a single home channel and multiple guest channels that are orthogonal to the home channel. Each of the network nodes in the ad hoc network operates on the home channel for respective variable and overlapping amounts of time to maintain network connectivity with other respective network nodes. Additionally, each of the network nodes determines whether and when to switch from the home channel to a particular guest channel of the guest channels for a variable amount of time to increase data throughput over one or more corresponding communication links in the ad hoc network with other network node(s).

Abstract: Each node or link of an ad hoc network assists in the distributed allocation of a data channel to increase fairness, even in a multi-hop network, by tracking a measure of link weight for itself and sharing this information over a control channel with neighboring nodes. The metric can be provided over a dedicated control channel, added as a header to data communication on a data channel, or inferred by monitoring data traffic from the neighboring node. The link weight can be adjusted by a link quality factor based on provided or inferred metrics such as transmission rates, ratio of transmission errors, idle time, etc. For multiple flow queues at a subject node, one with a higher transmission rate can be selected for increased fairness. When a packet is received, medium access includes allocating bandwidth, including bonding multiple frequencies that are determined to be available to both nodes.

Abstract: Described is a technology in which a Wi-Fi enabled mobile computing device conserves power by only attempting peer discovery at certain times, according to a wakeup pattern. A device time clock is synchronized, such as via a cellular service, a GPS system, or a network to establish the time to awaken. Imprecise synchronization between the devices within a maximum difference is acceptable because the pattern ensures that any two devices are concurrently awake for at least a sufficient time to perform discovery. The awake time may be divided into active and inactive slots, arranged such that an active slot of each device will overlap regardless of when the awake time begins on each device. Also described is using a previously agreed-upon communications channel for subsequent discovery, which may be based upon pseudo-random number generation.

Abstract: Described is a technology in which a Wi-Fi enabled mobile computing device conserves power by only selectively scanning to discover a potential access point for connecting. In one aspect, a cellular footprint, comprising the cellular tower identifier(s) and corresponding signal strength information, determines whether to perform or delay the Wi-Fi scan. The footprint may be used to detect mobile user location changes and compare with history, so as to delay scanning when the device has not sufficiently moved, or delay scanning when the history indicates little chance of a successful discovery/connection at the current location.

Abstract: Wireless network interference is mitigated with client devices having wireless network interference mitigation logic and/or utilizing a usable bandwidth channel quality metric. In a described example implementation, a client device includes wireless network interference mitigation logic that monitors at least one channel condition of a wireless network and participates in a wireless network interference mitigation procedure based on the at least one channel condition. In another described example implementation, a usable bandwidth of a wireless channel is ascertained with respect to a native network, the usable bandwidth reflecting a difference between (i) a total channel capacity of the wireless channel and (ii) a portion of the total channel capacity that is consumed by wireless communications of one or more foreign networks. By way of example only, the at least one channel condition may be usable bandwidth. The wireless network interference mitigation logic may also be employed in non-client devices.