Abstract: The present invention relates to maintaining the fundamental physical properties of a liquid alkali metal with dispersed nanoparticles which is such that nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed and mixed in a liquid alkali metal used in heat exchange, cooling and other applications, and suppressing the reaction of the liquid alkali metal with dispersed nanoparticles. Provided is a method of manufacturing a liquid alkali metal with dispersed nanoparticles by dispersing nanoparticles in a liquid alkali metal. In this method, the nanoparticles are made of a metal having a large atomic bonding due to a combination with the liquid alkali metal compared to the atomic bonding of atoms of the liquid alkali metal and a metal having a large amount of charge transfer is used in the nanoparticles. The liquid alkali metal is selected from sodium, lithium and sodium-potassium alloys, and the nanoparticles to be dispersed are made of transition metals, such as titanium, vanadium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel and copper.

Abstract: Suppression or enhancement of various properties of a liquid fluid is aimed by improving uniform dispersion of nanoparticles by means of making a state in which no oxidized film exists on the surfaces of the nanoparticles to be dispersed in the liquid fluid. The location of the liquid fluid is confirmed with ease by enhancing the brightness of light emission of the fluid through uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles in the liquid fluid containing a material having a flame reaction. In this way, as to liquid fluids utilized in various industries, it is possible to offer a technology to desirably enhance or suppress a property desired to be enhanced and a property desired to be suppressed among various properties that its constituents have.

Abstract: The present invention relates to maintaining the fundamental physical properties of a liquid alkali metal with dispersed nanoparticles which is such that nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed and mixed in a liquid alkali metal used in heat exchange, cooling and other applications, and suppressing the reaction of the liquid alkali metal with dispersed nanoparticles. Provided is a method of manufacturing a liquid alkali metal with dispersed nanoparticles by dispersing nanoparticles in a liquid alkali metal. In this method, the nanoparticles are made of a metal having a large atomic bonding due to a combination with the liquid alkali metal compared to the atomic bonding of atoms of the liquid alkali metal and a metal having a large amount of charge transfer is used in the nanoparticles. The liquid alkali metal is selected from sodium, lithium and sodium-potassium alloys, and the nanoparticles to be dispersed are made of transition metals, such as titanium, vanadium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel and copper.

Abstract: A nanoparticle manufacturing device capable of particle size control of nanoparticles made of a raw material metal powder and control of the occurrence condition of chaining of nanoparticles and of necking. The device 1 is provided for manufacturing nanoparticles by heating and melting a mixture of a raw material metal powder and a carrier gas in a heating space, cooling the mixture in a cooling space and collecting the mixture in a collection space. The heating space, the cooling space and the collection space form a continuous flow path without a back flow, and the cross-sectional area of the collection space is set at a large value compared to the cross-sectional area of the heating space and the cooling space. Further, there is provided a method of manufacturing a nanoparticle-dispersed liquid alkali metal by dispersing nanoparticles in a liquid alkali metal.

Abstract: A light-emitting material is provided allowing a light-emitting body having an excellent low-excitation characteristic and high brightness to be obtained by using a light-emitting material containing a light-emitting base material that emits light through radiative transition of electrons in material atoms, the light-emitting base having nanoparticles added thereto and dispersed therein, the light-emitting material also allowing a reduction in excitation energy and an increase in brightness to be simultaneously achieve, thereby allowing, for a wide range of light-emitting bodies, a reduction in excitation energy and a significant improvement in brightness to be achieved in a simple structure. Also provided is a light-emitting body having the light-emitting material and a light-emitting method.

Abstract: Suppression or enhancement of various properties of a liquid fluid is aimed by improving uniform dispersion of nanoparticles by means of making a state in which no oxidized film exists on the surfaces of the nanoparticles to be dispersed in the liquid fluid. The location of the liquid fluid is confirmed with ease by enhancing the brightness of light emission of the fluid through uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles in the liquid fluid containing a material having a flame reaction. In this way, as to liquid fluids utilized in various industries, it is possible to offer a technology to desirably enhance or suppress a property desired to be enhanced and a property desired to be suppressed among various properties that its constituents have.

Abstract: Suppression or enhancement of various properties of a liquid fluid is aimed by improving uniform dispersion of nanoparticles by means of making a state in which no oxidized film exists on the surfaces of the nanoparticles to be dispersed in the liquid fluid. The location of the liquid fluid is confirmed with ease by enhancing the brightness of light emission of the fluid through uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles in the liquid fluid containing a material having a flame reaction. In this way, as to liquid fluids utilized in various industries, it is possible to offer a technology to desirably enhance or suppress a property desired to be enhanced and a property desired to be suppressed among various properties that its constituents have.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to efficiently produce ultrafine particles having such a small diameter as 50 nm or less, a narrow range of size distribution, and a non-oxidation surface. According to the present invention, the metallic ultrafine particles are produced by dropping a raw metallic powder onto a controllably heated evaporating surface in a decompressed inert gas; instantly evaporating the raw metallic powder to form the ultrafine particle; and condensing and depositing the ultrafine particle on a trapping surface arranged above the evaporating surface. The raw metallic powder is any one of a single metal, an alloy and an intermetallic compound, preferably has an average particle diameter controlled to 500 ?m or smaller so that the powder can be instantly evaporated, and is preferably supplied by a minute amount.

Abstract: A crystal growth apparatus comprises a reaction vessel holding a melt mixture containing an alkali metal and a group III metal in a vessel space thereof, a porous member holding a metal melt by a surface tension thereof in a path through which a vapor of the alkali metal in contact with the metal mixture in the vessel space escapes to an external space, the porous member further supplying a nitrogen source gas fed from outside thereto further to the reaction vessel therethrough and through the metal melt by a pressure difference formed between the vessel space in the reaction vessel and the external space, and a heating apparatus heating the melt mixture to a crystal growth temperature.

Abstract: Discriminating radioactive nuclides of a gamma ray source and nondestructively measuring an image concentration and spatial distribution of a gamma ray by radioactive nuclides. A visualizing apparatus having a container 1 including a gamma ray source 2; a gamma ray detector 7 around the container 1 which detects gamma rays through a collimator 6; a gamma ray detection signal processing device 9 which processes a gamma ray detection signal measuring energy and counted value thereof; an energy discrimination processing device 10 which performs discrimination and intensity analysis of radioactive nuclides by performing spectrum analysis of gamma ray energy and intensity measured for each unit time or position; an imaging calculation processing device 11 which forms images of concentration and space distribution of the gamma ray source for each discriminated radioactive nuclide; and an image display device 12 which performs visual display based on a result of the calculation processing.

Abstract: Nano-particles 1 of a metal or the like are dispersed in a liquid fluid 2. Thereby, the reactivity or toxicity of the liquid fluid can be reduced when the liquid fluid has reactivity or toxicity. The flow resistance of the liquid fluid can be raised, and the leakage of the liquid fluid from minute cracks can be reduced. By using the liquid fluid as a heat transfer medium of a heat exchanger, the heat transfer performance equivalent to or higher than the heat transfer performance of the original heat exchanger can be obtained.

Abstract: An electromagnetic flowmeter designed to use a smaller excitation device and applicable to measurement on tubular channels of various sectional shapes. The electromagnetic flowmeter includes an excitation device for forming a magnetic field perpendicular to an outer wall of a tubular channel, and a pair of electrodes for measuring an electromotive force generated by the movement of the electroconductive fluid across the magnetic field. The electrodes and two magnetic poles of the excitation device are collectively placed on the outer wall at one side of the tubular channel.

Abstract: Suppression or enhancement of various properties of a liquid fluid is aimed by improving uniform dispersion of nanoparticles by means of making a state in which no oxidized film exists on the surfaces of the nanoparticles to be dispersed in the liquid fluid. The location of the liquid fluid is confirmed with ease by enhancing the brightness of light emission of the fluid through uniform dispersion of the nanoparticles in the liquid fluid containing a material having a flame reaction. In this way, as to liquid fluids utilized in various industries, it is possible to offer a technology to desirably enhance or suppress a property desired to be enhanced and a property desired to be suppressed among various properties that its constituents have.

Abstract: To discriminate radioactive nuclides of a gamma ray source included in an apparatus and the like, and to nondestructively measure and image concentration and spatial distribution of gamma ray by radioactive nuclide.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to efficiently produce ultrafine particles having such a small diameter as 50 nm or less, a narrow range of size distribution, and a non-oxidation surface. According to the present invention, the metallic ultrafine particles are produced by dropping a raw metallic powder onto a controllably heated evaporating surface in a decompressed inert gas; instantly evaporating the raw metallic powder to form the ultrafine particle; and condensing and depositing the ultrafine particle on a trapping surface arranged above the evaporating surface. The raw metallic powder is any one of a single metal, an alloy and an intermetallic compound, preferably has an average particle diameter controlled to 500 ?m or smaller so that the powder can be instantly evaporated, and is preferably supplied by a minute amount.

Abstract: A light-emitting material is provided allowing a light-emitting body having an excellent low-excitation characteristic and high brightness to be obtained by using a light-emitting material containing a light-emitting base material that emits light through radiative transition of electrons in material atoms, the light-emitting base having nanoparticles added thereto and dispersed therein, the light-emitting material also allowing a reduction in excitation energy and an increase in brightness to be simultaneously achieve, thereby allowing, for a wide range of light-emitting bodies, a reduction in excitation energy and a significant improvement in brightness to be achieved in a simple structure. Also provided is a light-emitting body having the light-emitting material and a light-emitting method.

Abstract: A crystal growth apparatus comprises a reaction vessel holding a melt mixture containing an alkali metal and a group III metal in a vessel space thereof, a porous member holding a metal melt by a surface tension thereof in a path through which a vapor of the alkali metal in contact with the metal mixture in the vessel space escapes to an external space, the porous member further supplying a nitrogen source gas fed from outside thereto further to the reaction vessel therethrough and through the metal melt by a pressure difference formed between the vessel space in the reaction vessel and the external space, and a heating apparatus heating the melt mixture to a crystal growth temperature.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic flowmeter designed to use a smaller excitation device and applicable to measurement on tubular channels of various sectional shapes. The electromagnetic flowmeter 10 includes an excitation device 11 for forming a magnetic field perpendicular to an outer wall 11b of a tubular channel 1, and a pair of electrodes 2a and 2b for measuring an electromotive force generated by the movement of the electroconductive fluid across the magnetic field. The electrodes 2a and 2b and two magnetic poles of the excitation device 11 are collectively placed on the outer wall 1b at one side of the tubular channel 1.

Abstract: In an ultrasonic transducer comprising a combination of an ultrasonic oscillator 10 and an oscillation transmission section 12 and is capable of sending ultrasonic waves into liquid heavy metal through the oscillation transmission section and receiving ultrasonic waves transmitted in the liquid heavy metal, at least a front end wetted portion coming into contact with the liquid heavy metal (e.g. lead-bismuth) of the oscillation transmission section is made of any of ferritic stainless steel, aluminum alloy steel having an aluminum content of 70% or more and copper alloy steel having a copper content of 50% or more. The ultrasonic transducer improves sound pressure transmission efficiency by optimizing acoustic coupling in a wetted interface, thereby facilitating entering of ultrasonic saves into liquid heavy metal and enabling measurement of flow rate, flow velocity, temperature, liquid level, etc. with ease and high precision.

Abstract: Nano-particles 1 of a metal or the like are dispersed in a liquid fluid 2. Thereby, the reactivity or toxicity of the liquid fluid can be reduced when the liquid fluid has reactivity or toxicity. The flow resistance of the liquid fluid can be raised, and the leakage of the liquid fluid from minute cracks can be reduced. By using the liquid fluid as a heat transfer medium of a heat exchanger, the heat transfer performance equivalent to or higher than the heat transfer performance of the original heat exchanger can be obtained.