Abstract: A method for producing a laminated film includes continuous roll to roll production steps of: providing a first long polymer film and having an absorption axis in the transverse direction; providing a second long polymer film and having a slow axis in the machine direction (MD direction); and laminating the polarizing film on the retardation film by adhering the polarizing film to the retardation film with an adhesive layer so that an MD direction of the first long polymer film corresponds to the MD direction of the second long polymer film.

Abstract: The invention provides a polarizing film comprising: a long polymer film; and a dichroic substance, wherein the polarizing film has an absorption axis in the TD direction of the polarizing film.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a conductive film roll includes a first step of transporting a film base having an elongated shape while laminating a first transparent conductor layer, a first metal layer and a metal oxide membrane layer by sputtering on a first face side of the film base to form a first laminated body, a second step of feeding the film base, to a second film formation roll without being wound up into a roll, transporting the film base while making the metal oxide membrane layer of the first laminated body into contact with the second film formation roll, and sequentially laminating a second transparent conductor layer and a second metal layer by sputtering on a second face side of the film base to form a second laminated body, and a third step of winding up the second laminated body into a roll.

Abstract: The film formation method comprises the steps of: unrolling and feeding an elongated substrate wound in a roll form from a first roll chamber in a first direction from the first roll chamber toward a second roll chamber; degassing the fed substrate; forming a first material film on a first surface in a first film formation chamber; guiding the substrate having the first material film formed thereon to a second film formation chamber in a second direction from the second roll chamber toward the first roll chamber; forming, in the second film formation chamber, a second material film on a second surface opposite the first surface of the substrate when it is being guided in the second direction; taking up, in a third roll chamber provided between the first roll chamber and the second roll chamber, the substrate in a roll state.

Abstract: The film formation method comprises the steps of: unrolling and feeding an elongated substrate wound in a roll form from a first roll chamber in a direction from the first roll chamber toward a second roll chamber, using a first surface as a surface for film formation; degassing the fed substrate; forming a first material film on the first surface of the degassed substrate in a first film formation chamber; forming a second material film on the first material film in a second film formation chamber; taking up the substrate in a roll form in the second roll chamber, the substrate having the material films formed thereon; unrolling and feeding the taken up substrate from the first roll chamber in the direction, using a second surface opposite the first surface of the substrate as a surface for film formation; and repeating all the above treatments.

Abstract: The film formation method comprises the steps of: unrolling and feeding an elongated substrate wound in a roll form from a first roll chamber in a first direction from the first roll chamber toward a second roll chamber, using a first surface as a surface for film formation; degassing the substrate fed in the first direction; forming a second material film on the first surface of the substrate in a second film formation chamber; taking up the substrate in a roll form in the second roll chamber, the substrate having the second material film formed thereon; unrolling and feeding the substrate from the second roll chamber in a second direction from the second roll chamber toward the first roll chamber; forming a first material film on the second material film in a first film formation chamber; taking up the substrate in a roll form in the first roll chamber.

Abstract: A method of continuously subjecting an elongated substrate to vacuum film formation is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: feeding a first substrate from a first roll chamber in a first direction from the first chamber toward a second roll chamber; degassing the first substrate; forming a film of a second material on the first substrate, in a second film formation chamber; and rolling up the first substrate in the second roll chamber, thereby producing the first substrate, and further comprises similar steps to produce a second substrate. In advance of producing the first substrate with the second material film, the first cathode electrode of the first film formation chamber is removed from the first film formation chamber, and, in advance of producing the second substrate with the first material film, the second cathode electrode of the second film formation chamber is removed from the second film formation chamber.

Abstract: A method of continuously subjecting an elongated substrate to vacuum film formation is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: feeding a first substrate from a first roll chamber in a first direction from the first roll chamber toward a second roll chamber; degassing the first substrate; forming a film of a second material on the first substrate, in a second film formation chamber; and rolling up the first substrate in the second roll chamber, thereby producing the first substrate, and comprises similar steps to produce a second substrate. In advance of producing the first substrate with the second material film, the first cathode electrode of the first film formation chamber is removed from the first film formation chamber, and, in advance of producing the second substrate with the first material film, the second cathode electrode of the second film formation chamber is removed from the second film formation chamber.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a conductive laminated film suppressing a wrinkle has a metal layer forming step in which a conductive metal layer is continuously formed on a surface of a long transparent conductive film where a transparent conductive layer is formed while the transparent conductive film, including a long transparent film base containing a polyester resin as a constituting material and the transparent conductive layer formed thereon, is transported. The metal layer forming step is performed under a reduced pressure atmosphere of 1 Pa or less. The long transparent conductive film is continuously transported by application of a transport tensile force, and the conductive metal layer is continuously deposited on the surface where the transparent conductive layer is formed in a state in which a surface where the transparent conductive layer is not formed contacts the surface of a film-forming roll.

Abstract: This invention relates to a transmissive liquid crystal display including a light source (BL), a reflective linearly-polarizing layer (Pr1), a birefringent layer (A) having specific optical properties and specific retardation properties, a light source-side absorptive linearly-polarizing layer (P1), a liquid crystal cell (LC), and a viewer-side linearly-polarizing layer (P2) which are arranged in this order. In the transmissive liquid crystal display of the invention, light leakage is suppressed in oblique directions so that black brightness can be reduced. A reduction in contrast in the normal direction can also be suppressed, which is caused by the distribution of light to the normal direction.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a birefringent film includes stretching a polymer film in a widthwise direction while at the same time shrinking the same in a lengthwise direction so as to satisfy the relational expression: (1/STD)1/2?SMD<1, in which the length in the widthwise direction and the length in the lengthwise direction, of the polymer film before being stretched are respectively designated as 1, and STD represents a change ratio of the length in the widthwise direction of the polymer film due to stretching and SMD represents a change ratio of the length in the lengthwise direction of the polymer film due to shrinking, and make the stretched polymer film have an Nz coefficient of 0.9-1.1.

Abstract: A birefringent film with excellent uniformity in in-plane retardation, retardation in the thickness direction, and alignment axis is provided. The birefringent film is produced in such a manner that, in the step of stretching a polymer film, the polymer film is stretched in a width direction while being shrunk in a longitudinal direction, and assuming that lengths in the width direction and the longitudinal direction of the polymer film before being stretched are 1, a change ratio (STD) of the length in the width direction of the polymer film resulting from the stretching and a change ratio (SMD) of the length in the longitudinal direction of the polymer film resulting from the shrinking satisfy the following formula (1).

Abstract: The invention provides a polarizing film comprising: a long polymer film; and a dichroic substance, wherein the polarizing film has an absorption axis in the TD direction of the polarizing film.

Abstract: This invention relates to a transmissive liquid crystal display including a light source (BL), a reflective linearly-polarizing layer (Pr1), a birefringent layer (A) having specific optical properties and specific retardation properties, a light source-side absorptive linearly-polarizing layer (P1), a liquid crystal cell (LC), and a viewer-side linearly-polarizing layer (P2) which are arranged in this order. In the transmissive liquid crystal display of the invention, light leakage is suppressed in oblique directions so that black brightness can be reduced. A reduction in contrast in the normal direction can also be suppressed, which is caused by the distribution of light to the normal direction.

Abstract: Provided are: a polarizer protective film having excellent optical properties and mechanical strength, with the productivity and reworking property enhanced; a polarizing plate with less defects in an outer appearance, using a polarizer formed of the polarizer protective film and a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin; and an image display apparatus of high quality using the polarizing plate. The polarizer protective film of the present invention includes as a main component a (meth)acrylic resin, which is stretched by longitudinal stretching and/or lateral stretching.

Abstract: The invention provides a fuel cell which comprises a solid polymer electrolyte sandwiched between a cathode to which an oxidizing agent gas is supplied and an anode to which a reducing agent gas is supplied, wherein at least one of the electrodes has an electroconductive organic polymer which has an oxidation-reduction function as an electrode catalyst. The invention further provides a fuel cell in which the electrode catalyst comprises a mixture of an electroconductive organic polymer and an inorganic oxidation-reduction catalyst, and has a higher output power.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel 100 of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal cell 30, a first polarizing plate 10 disposed on a visible side of the liquid crystal cell and including a first polarizer 11, and, a second polarizing plate 20 disposed on a side opposite to the visible side of the liquid crystal cell and including a second polarizer 22. one polarizing plate of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate is provided with a first retardation layer 12 which is disposed between the liquid crystal cell and one polarizer of the first polarizer and the second polarizer, and whose refractive index ellipsoid satisfies a relationship of nz>nx=ny, and, a transmittance of the second polarizing plate is larger than a transmittance of the first polarizing plate.

Abstract: The invention provides a fuel cell which comprises a solid polymer electrolyte sandwiched between a cathode to which an oxidizing agent gas is supplied and an anode to which a reducing agent gas is supplied, wherein at least one of the electrodes has an electroconductive organic polymer which has an oxidation-reduction function as an electrode catalyst. The invention further provides a fuel cell in which the electrode catalyst comprises a mixture of an electroconductive organic polymer and an inorganic oxidation-reduction catalyst, and has a higher output power.

Abstract: A polarizing plate of the present invention comprises a polarizer; an adhesive layer; and a transparent protective film bonded to at least one side of the polarizer with the adhesive layer interposed therebetween, wherein the adhesive layer is formed from an active energy ray curing adhesive containing at least one curable component, and the adhesive layer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 60° C. or more, and a thickness of 0.01 ?m to 7 ?m. The polarizing plate has sufficient durability in a severe environment at high temperature and high humidity.

Abstract: The invention provides a fuel cell which comprises a solid polymer electrolyte sandwiched between a cathode to which an oxidizing agent gas is supplied and an anode to which a reducing agent gas is supplied, wherein at least one of the electrodes has an electroconductive organic polymer which has an oxidation-reduction function as an electrode catalyst. The invention further provides a fuel cell in which the electrode catalyst comprises a mixture of an electroconductive organic polymer and an inorganic oxidation-reduction catalyst, and has a higher output power.