Abstract: In order to perform accurate fuel injection control in response to fuel injection requests from the engine side without being affected by variations in power supply voltage and in coil temperature of a fuel injection solenoid and by other external factors, driving of the fuel injection solenoid is controlled based on the actual current integral of the coil current flowing through the solenoid after starting driving the solenoid.

Abstract: In a solenoid driving device of the type in which energy stored in a capacitor is used for re-driving of the solenoid, the generation of heat in a current back-flow preventing circuit preventing the back-flow of current to a power supply terminal is suppressed, and the generation of heat in a rectifying element through which the current that flows to the capacitor passes is suppressed. Electric power accumulated in the solenoid when the driving of the solenoid is stopped is temporarily stored in the capacitor, and a high voltage that is generated by the charging utilizing the peak voltage of the capacitor is utilized as the power supply for a discharge control circuit that controls the discharge of the capacitor. The current back-flow preventing circuit is constructed from a switching element such as an FET so that the generation of heat in this circuit is suppressed.

Abstract: In order to perform accurate fuel injection control in response to fuel injection requests from the engine side without being affected by variations in power supply voltage and in coil temperature of a fuel injection solenoid and by other external factors, driving of the fuel injection solenoid is controlled based on the actual current integral of the coil current flowing through the solenoid after starting driving the solenoid.

Abstract: In a solenoid driving device of the type in which energy stored in a capacitor is used for re-driving of the solenoid, the generation of heat in the current back-flow preventing circuit that prevents the back-flow of current to the power supply terminal is suppressed, and the generation of heat in the rectifying element through which the current that flows to the capacitor passes is also suppressed. Electric power that is accumulated in the solenoid when the driving of the solenoid is stopped is temporarily stored in a capacitor, and a high voltage that is generated by the charging utilizing the peak voltage of the capacitor is utilized as the power supply for a discharge control circuit that is used to control the discharge of this capacitor. A current back-flow preventing circuit is constructed from a switching element such as an FET or the like, so that the generation of heat in this circuit is suppressed.

Abstract: A bidifobacteria growth promoter contained in soybeans is extracted from defatted soybeans with an aqueous solution of alcohol.