Abstract: An image forming apparatus which passes a sheet bearing a toner image between a heat roller and a pressure roller constituting a fixing device to fix the toner image onto the sheet. The image forming apparatus comprises thermistors and a controller. The controller starts heating of the heat roller while stopping the heat roller and the pressure roller, then starts rotations of both rollers when the surface temperature of the heat roller, as detected by the thermistor, reaches a set value which is lower than a fixing standby temperature, and permits the use of the fixing device when the surface temperature of the pressure roller, as detected by the thermistor, reaches a predetermined value.

Abstract: A jam detecting device according to the present invention quickly outputs a jam detection signal when a part of a sheet is insufficiently conveyed during conveyance. A discharge detecting switch 55 is provided in the vicinity of discharge rollers 36. In addition, a plurality of (for example, three) pulse output units 230, 231 and 232 are provided in relation to the discharge detecting switch 55. Each of the pulse output units 230, 231 and 232 is so constructed as to output a pulse as the sheet is moved. In a jam judging circuit 235, when a signal of the discharge detecting switch 55 is on, a jam signal is outputted on the basis of the fact that no pulses are applied for not less than a predetermined time period from at least one of the pulse output units 230, 231 and 232. When a Jam occurs, therefore, the jam can be quickly detected.

Abstract: A feed composition for fowls containing casein phosphopeptide.The feed compositon increases calcium intake of fowls, and when it is fed to chicks it brings increase in bone growth and body weight, low feed requirement and high breeding efficiency. When it is fed to adult chickens for egg production in a later stage, egg breakage is decreased by little decrease of eggshell strength.

Abstract: A secalonic acid derivative of the formula (I); ##STR1## wherein R is ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, and aryl group, a C.sub.1-5 alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid amide group or a sulfonic acid amide group; and R.sub.4 is a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.1-22 alkyl group, an aryl group or an aryl alkyl group, and may have a substituent; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: A secalonic acid derivative of the formula (I); ##STR1## wherein R is ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, an aryl group, a C.sub.1-5 alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid amide group or a sulfonic acid amide group; and R.sub.4 is a saturated or unsaturated C.sub.1-22 alkyl group, an aryl group or an aryl alkyl group, and may have a substituent;and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: An 1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-thiol ester of the formula, ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, a process for their preparation and a process for preparing a cephalosporin compound of the formula, ##STR2## wherein R is the same as defined above, using the above described 1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-thiol ester.

Abstract: An 1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-thiol ester of the formula, ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, a process for their preparation and a process for preparing a cephalosporin compound of the formula, ##STR2## wherein R is the same as defined above, using the above described 1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-thiol ester.

Abstract: Novel 7.alpha.-methoxycephalosporin derivatives having a high antimicrobial activity. They are useful for the medical treatment of diseases infected by gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. More particularly, they show an antimicrobial activity against bacteria such as Eschericha coli Proteus, Citrobacter and Enterobacter which bacteria have resistance to the conventionally employed cephalosporins, and they are effective for the medical treatment of diseases infected by these bacteria. Such 7.alpha.-methoxycephalosporin derivatives are prepared by a relatively simple method.