Abstract: An electrode structure includes: a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged separately from each other; and a plurality of dielectric layers laminated in a first direction with respect to the plurality of pixel electrodes, in which the plurality of dielectric layers includes: a first dielectric layer that spreads over the plurality of pixel electrodes in a direction intersecting with the first direction; and a second dielectric layer that includes dielectric material having a refractive index higher than that of the first dielectric layer, sandwiches the first dielectric layer together with the plurality of pixel electrodes, and has a slit at a position overlapping space between pixel electrodes adjacent when viewed from the first direction.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus connecting to a network consisted of a plurality of data transmission apparatuses comprises a disconnecting device that disconnects a connection established between a transmission plug of a transmitting node and a reception plug of a receiving node, both nodes being connected to the network, an optimization requesting device that requests optimization of transmitting sequences to the transmitting node, a receiver that receives information about a transmission plug newly assigned to the transmitting sequence used by the transmitting nodes of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device, the information being received as an answer for the optimization request from the transmitting node, and a connecting device that establishes a new connection between the newly assigned transmission plug and the reception plug of the receiving node of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus connecting to a network consisted of a plurality of data transmission apparatuses comprises a disconnecting device that disconnects a connection established between a transmission plug of a transmitting node and a reception plug of a receiving node, both nodes being connected to the network, an optimization requesting device that requests optimization of transmitting sequences to the transmitting node, a receiver that receives information about a transmission plug newly assigned to the transmitting sequence used by the transmitting nodes of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device, the information being received as an answer for the optimization request from the transmitting node, and a connecting device that establishes a new connection between the newly assigned transmission plug and the reception plug of the receiving node of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device.

Abstract: To inhibit rotation of a sensor case by excessive rotational force applied thereto, a suction air negative pressure detecting apparatus is structured such that a regular polygonal shaped positioning convex portion is provided on a case containing a pressure sensor, a positioning concave hole having apex angle concave portions at a multiple number of apex angle convex portions of a regular polygon forming the positioning convex portion is provided in a flat-shaped pressure plate arranged on the case, the positioning concave hole is engaged with the positioning convex portion, and the pressure plate is fixed by screw to a throttle body, the case is fixed toward the throttle body by the pressure plate, and a rotation of the case is inhibited by engaging the positioning convex portion with the positioning concave hole.

Abstract: To inhibit rotation of a sensor case by excessive rotational force applied thereto, a suction air negative pressure detecting apparatus is structured such that a regular polygonal shaped positioning convex portion is provided on a case containing a pressure sensor, a positioning concave hole having apex angle concave portions at a multiple number of apex angle convex portions of a regular polygon forming the positioning convex portion is provided in a flat-shaped pressure plate arranged on the case, the positioning concave hole is engaged with the positioning convex portion, and the pressure plate is fixed by screw to a throttle body, the case is fixed toward the throttle body by the pressure plate, and a rotation of the case is inhibited by engaging the positioning convex portion with the positioning concave hole.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus connecting to a network consisted of a plurality of data transmission apparatuses comprises a disconnecting device that disconnects a connection established between a transmission plug of a transmitting node and a reception plug of a receiving node, both nodes being connected to the network, an optimization requesting device that requests optimization of transmitting sequences to the transmitting node, a receiver that receives information about a transmission plug newly assigned to the transmitting sequence used by the transmitting nodes of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device, the information being received as an answer for the optimization request from the transmitting node, and a connecting device that establishes a new connection between the newly assigned transmission plug and the reception plug of the receiving node of which connection has been disconnected by the disconnecting device.