Abstract: A control unit transmits address area designation information designating an arbitrary bit position in ID data. At least a response unit transmits a response signal with an error detection code attached to predetermined information in the unique information held in itself by means of a time slot determined by the address area designation information and the ID data of the particular response unit. The control unit checks for the presence or absence of an error of the information in each time that has arrived, fetches only the response signal free of error, and transmits the error presence-absence information indicating the inspection result. Further, in the case where there exists a time slot having an error, the control unit transmits new address area designation information.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system according to this invention, an integrated control apparatus (ISa1) is arranged between a plurality of base stations (CSa1, CSa1, . . . ) arranged in an area with a low traffic density, and a public digital network (INW), the integrated control apparatus (ISa1) accommodates I' lines of the base stations (CSa1, CSa1, . . . ), the integrated control apparatus (ISa1) and the public digital network are connected via I' lines having a smaller number of channels than the total number of channels of the I' lines, and the integrated control apparatus (ISa1) performs various kinds of control for call origination/termination with the base stations (CSa1, CSa1, . . . ).

Abstract: Since a transmission route is set in accordance with the number of relaying broad band switching nodes present between two terminating nodes of a plurality of broad band switching nodes, a through-put characteristic, an affecting degree due to occurrence of a defect, the traffic of the entire network is distributed. In addition, when the system is started up, transmission routes with a minimum band width necessary for routing control have been set in all the broad band switching nodes. Whenever a call takes place, a transmission route is set and the band width is variably set by using an intelligent inference mechanism. Moreover, an intelligent distributed control for distributing such an intelligent inference mechanism in the broad band switching nodes is used. Thus, the load of processing a call can be decreased, while the reliability of the network and the improvement of the operating efficiency can be achieved.

Abstract: A complex system in which the functions of OCR (optical character reader) and facsimile are combined by a CPU (central processor unit). The complex system operates in an OCR-facsimile mode to effect a complex processing of character information and image information as well as a usual OCR mode to effect coding of character information and a usual facsimile mode to effect a communication of character/image information.

Abstract: High speed printing can be attained without loss of printing quality. The amount of energy to be supplied to each heating resistor in the next printing cycle is determined by the amount of energy which was supplied to it during the previous cycle of printing, as well as by the density of picture data to be printed. Other information which may be taken into account in adjusting the amount of energy supplied to the heating resistors includes the amount of energy previously supplied to adjacent resistors and the duration of the printing cycle (where this is variable).

Abstract: An error-control system for a continuous ARQ system, wherein, when a transmitter detects a dummy signal different from a negative acknowledgment signal caused by a channel noise appearing on a transmission channel, the transmitter supplies a receiver with a block signal comprising a designating number of a given block, a block data thereof and a check code formed by reversing a prescribed error detection code, thereby controlling the occurrence of an error in data transmission between the transmitting and receiving sides.

Abstract: A data-transmission system using a continuous ARQ system, wherein a block (word) synchronization code is transmitted through a transmission line from a transmitter to a receiver repeatedly at a predetermined time interval, until the transmitter receives a signal (ACK) denoting the detection of the synchronization code from the receiver. Upon receipt of the synchronization code detection signal, the transmitter issues data blocks each having a fixed length to the receiver continuously from the point of time at which the succeeding synchronization code is to be transmitted. In the invention a predetermined number of test data blocks are further transmitted to the receiver in succession to the synchronization code. The receiver examines a block error rate concerning the test data blocks and supplies the transmitter with not only the synchronization code detection signal but also a data rate-specifying signal. The transmitter delivers data at a rate dependent on the data rate-specifying signal.