Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed to measure with accuracy and stability the permeability of molding sand that is compacted, by directly applying compressed air to the compacted molding sand such that the air circulates through the molding sand.

Abstract: A display system for fish sonar displays two ultrasonic echo signals of different frequencies from the left side to the central portion and from the central portion to the right side on the screen of a cathode ray tube. After the two ultrasonic echo signals are displayed on the entire screen of the cathode ray tube, the old echo signals are eliminated and the display is refreshed with new echo signals so that a picture of a school of small fish which is displayed by ultrasonic echo signals of high frequency can be compared with a horizontally adjacent picture of a large fish simultaneously displayed by ultrasonic echo signals of low frequency on a single cathode ray tube screen.