Abstract: A hot-rolled steel sheet includes, as chemical composition, C, Si, Mn, and sol.Al. In the hot-rolled steel sheet, an average of pole densities in crystal orientation group consisting of {110}<110> to {110}<001> in surface region is 0.5 to 3.0, a standard deviation of the pole densities in the crystal orientation group is 0.2 to 2.0, and the tensile strength is 780 to 1370 MPa.

Abstract: A packaging structure disclosed herein includes a box in which a component is accommodated and a lower layer tray and a middle layer tray formed of a cardboard sheet. The lower layer tray is provided inside the box. The middle layer tray is provided above the lower layer tray inside the box. The lower layer tray includes a lower layer opening into which the component is inserted and fixed, and a lower layer first tab provided at an edge of the lower layer opening and folded downward. The middle layer tray includes a middle layer opening into which the component is inserted and fixed, and a middle layer first tab provided at an edge of the middle layer opening, folded downward, and engaged with the lower layer opening in a state of overlapping the lower layer first tab.

Abstract: A mold of copper or copper alloy for continuously casting steel comprises a rough inner surface, a plating of nickel, cobalt or alloy thereof formed over the inner surface and a chromium plating formed over said plating. The mold has a prolonged mold life, gives steel slabs with improved qualities and reduces amounts of lubricating material used in the molding operation.