Abstract: An apparatus for observing cornea for transplantation comprising, a transparent receptacle with a transparent window showing excellent flatness, which is able to receive a cornea container (a sample vial), and to pour liquid (water) into said transparent receptacle, a holder holding said transparent receptacle, a supporting table receiving said holder freely rotatebly, and an optical system such as a specular microscope. In place of a cornea container, a cornea exclusive container may be used. Said cornea exclusive container is installed directly in said holder. Optical positioning means such as a mirror(s) and a camera(s) is set up in order to position easily the observing portion by microscope through the transparent window of said transparent receptacle or of cornea exclusive container.

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining images of cornea endothelium including an illumination system for illuminating through a slit an eyeball surface of a subject eye, a magnification-imaging optical system for forming a magnified image of a subject part based on the slit illumination light, focusing-detection use receiving optics for receiving the cornea endothelium reflected light and cornea epithelium reflected light of the slit via at least an objective lens when a cornea endothelium image is formed on an imaging surface of the magnification-imaging optical system in a focused state and a mechanism for moving the apparatus body in a direction of the subject so that the apparatus body is brought to a cornea endothelium focused position.

Abstract: An eyeball microscope used for observing or photographing epitherial and endothelial cells and likes of a cornea, which is provided with an illuminating optical system for projecting an illuminating light beam onto an object, an observing optical system for observing or photographing an imaging light beam from the object and parallel slits moving across the optical paths of both optical systems, and arranged to scan the object with optical images of certain slits and, at the same time, to lead the imaging beam from the object through the same number of separate slits into the observing optical system, thereby shutting off all unwanted reflecting beams other than the imaging beam.

Abstract: An eyeball microscope used for observing or photographing epithelial and endothelial cells and likes of a cornea, which is provided with an illuminating optical system for projecting an illuminating light beam onto an object, an observing optical system for observing or photographing an imaging light beam from the object and parallel slits moving across the optical paths of both optical systems, and arranged to scan the object with optical images of some of the slits and observe imaging beams from the object through other slits, thereby shutting off all unwanted reflecting beams. In this invention, it is suited for both eye observation and photography by composing the slits of plural groups which are mutually different in design.

Abstract: A target device used in an eye movement testing device made up of a light group and a refractor. The light group includes a plurality of light sources lined-up side by side behind an window which opens in the front wall of the casing of the testing device, and the refractor is installed to cover the window from the outside of the casing and face the eye to be examined. When the light sources are successively lit on and off, moving virtual images of the light sources are created so that the images which are expanded (to be longer or higher than the light sources) can be seen through the refractor. Thus, the eye movement (nystagmus) induced when the eye follows these types of moving images, is observed.

Abstract: A device for photographing eye movement including a target comprising a plurality of lights arranged in a cross-shape with the center thereof being positioned on the eye axis of an examinee, a TV camera positioned behind the target so that at least a principal point of the TV camera's lens thereof is located on an optical line that passes near the center of the target and the examinee's pupil and a light receiving element set on the optical line so that an eye image is formed on the light receiving element.

Abstract: A microfilm duplicating apparatus for duplicating images, recorded on a master film onto a photographic duplicate film, comprising a light source for illuminating any one of the images on the master film from rear, a single reflective mirror for reflecting a luminous flux, which has been emitted from the light source and passed through the master film while carrying the image to be duplicated, so as to travel towards the duplicate film, and an image forming lens assembly consisting of two facing lenses of equal focal length disposed on the path of travel of the luminous flux.

Abstract: A contact lens for use in the observation of the interior of an eyeball in ophthalmological examination; the contact lens having one surface for placement in contact with the eyeball and illuminating means movably mounted adjoining another surface of the lens for illuminating the interior of the eyeball.

Abstract: A microscope, such as an eyebell microscope used for observing an eyeball cornea, eye-ground and the like, which is arranged to illuminate an object for observation with a light beam projected through one half of the objective lens and to form an image of the object with the light reflected back through the other half of the same objective lens, wherein a special iris for confining the illuminating light beam is inserted in the illuminating optics in order to prevent the illuminating light from mixing in the image forming light and reducing contrast of the image.

Abstract: An eye examining device having a television pickup camera, an optical system for magnifying the eye ground or retina and focussing the image on said camera, a television monitor connected to the camera to display the image of the retina and an optical pattern movably disposed in the plane of the image and a light source illuminating said pattern.

Abstract: An eyeball microscope used for observing cornea endothelcells and the like, having an objective lens structure including an optical tip member which is formed of a material with lower refractive index than glass in order to avoid the undesired effect of reflection of illuminating light from the front surface of the optical tip member, and an adaptor for stably holding an impregnating liquid between the optical tip member and the cornea; the use of which will result in substantial reduction of reflection from the cornea surface and a corresponding increase in the field of view and resolution.

Abstract: An eye examining device having a television camera and monitor connected thereto, an optical system for magnifying the eye ground or retina and focussing the image on the camera, a cathode ray tube connected with the camera and scanned in synchronism therewith, a light pattern generator connected with the cathode ray tube and monitor for display thereof and an optical system for projecting the image on the cathode ray tube onto the eye ground.

Abstract: A binomial microscope which includes an auxiliary objective and a pair of parallel optical axes each having objective and ocular lenses and means for moving the objective lenses perpendicular to their optical axes to form the observed image substantially coincident with the object being observed.

Abstract: A binomial microscope having a pair of optical systems with parallel axes, each system including an objective lens, an erect prism and an ocular lens so that the observed image is in the vicinity of the object to be observed.

Abstract: A binomial microscope having two parallel optical systems each including an objective lens, an erect prism and an ocular lens and wherein means are provided for moving each objective in a direction parallel to its optical axis to position the observed image in the vicinity of the object being observed.

Abstract: An automatic surface defect-detecting method and apparatus for detecting only effective significant surface defects. The significant defects can be detected from video signals and differential signals corresponding to particular scanning lines respectively by removing the distributed density portions having a larger pulse width in the scanning line direction, or removing smaller differential value portions in density, from the examined portions with higher density of flourescent magnetic powders thereon.

Abstract: A method production of a composite photograph containing at least two images, i.e. a mark image and a holder image, and a method for distinguishing images in said composite photograph, said photograph being composed of alternate strips containing elements of the holder identify photograph and strips containing elements of validity check mark photograph, all strips being disposed at equal intervals from one another, and said photograph of the holder being hidden by said check mark photograph when viewed normally, and to be discernible only when viewed through a lenticular lens.