Abstract: A magnetic domain wall movement type magnetic recording element according to an embodiment includes: a first ferromagnetic layer which includes a ferromagnetic body; a non-magnetic layer which faces the first ferromagnetic layer; and a magnetic recording layer which faces a surface of the non-magnetic layer on a side opposite to the first ferromagnetic layer and extends in a first direction. A first surface of the magnetic recording layer which faces the non-magnetic layer has a smaller arithmetic mean roughness than a second surface opposite to the first surface.

Abstract: A integrated light source module includes a planar optical waveguides layer having N light incident ports aligned with respect to each other, M light exit ports aligned with respect to each other, and optical waveguides connected to the N light incident ports and the M light exit ports, and N optical semiconductor devices facing each of the N light incident ports arranged so that light emitted from each of the N optical semiconductor devices can be incident on each of the N light incident ports, wherein light emitted from the M light exit ports can be applied to an object to be irradiated.

Abstract: A magnetic domain wall movement type magnetic recording element includes: a first ferromagnetic layer which includes a ferromagnetic body; a non-magnetic layer which faces the first ferromagnetic layer; and a magnetic recording layer which faces a surface of the non-magnetic layer on a side opposite to the first ferromagnetic layer and extends in a first direction. The magnetic recording layer has a concave-convex structure on a second surface opposite to a first surface which faces the non-magnetic layer.

Abstract: A product-sum operation device including: product operation units generating output signals by multiplying input signals corresponding to input values; a current detection unit executing a current detecting process in which a current output from the product operation units with a predetermined time delay from input of the input signal and a current output from the product operation units at an interval thereafter are detected in a time span from a first transient response to before occurrence of a second transient response, the first transient response due to charging to a parasitic capacitance of the product operation units by input of the input signal and the second transient response being due to discharging from the parasitic capacitance of the product operation units by input of the input signal; and a sum operation unit calculating a value relating to a total sum of the output signals based on currents detected.

Abstract: A multiply-accumulate calculation device includes: multiple calculation units which generates output signals by multiplying an input signal corresponding to an input value and having a rising part, a signal part, and a falling part by a weight, and output the output signals; an accumulate calculation unit configured to calculate a sum of the output signals output from the plurality of multiple calculation units; and a correction unit configured to execute correction processing for correcting the sum of the output signals on the basis of a correction value including at least one of a first value incorporated into the sum by a current flowing into variable resistors of the multiple calculation units due to the rising part of the input signal, and a second value incorporated into the sum by a current flowing into the variable resistors of the multiple calculation units due to the falling part of the input signal.

Abstract: A magnetic domain wall movement type magnetic recording element includes: a first ferromagnetic layer which includes a ferromagnetic body; a non-magnetic layer which faces the first ferromagnetic layer; and a magnetic recording layer which faces a surface of the non-magnetic layer on a side opposite to the first ferromagnetic layer and extends in a first direction. The magnetic recording layer has a concave-convex structure on a second surface opposite to a first surface which faces the non-magnetic layer.

Abstract: A magnetoresistance effect device includes a magnetoresistance effect element, and an external magnetic field application unit for applying an external magnetic field to the magnetoresistance effect element. The magnetoresistance effect element includes a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer. The external magnetic field application unit includes a magnetization retention section and a magnetization setting section. The magnetization setting section has a function of setting a magnetization to be used to generate the external magnetic field into the magnetization retention section by applying a magnetization-setting magnetic field to the magnetization retention section and then stopping the application of the magnetization-setting magnetic field. The magnetization retention section has a function of retaining the set magnetization after the application of the magnetization-setting magnetic field is stopped.

Abstract: A magnetic element including a magnetoresistive effect film (MEF). Magnetic element includes an MEF and nonmagnetic spacer layer, first and second ferromagnetic layers, wherein layers being disposed with nonmagnetic spacer layer interposed therebetween, pair of electrodes disposed with MEF interposed therebetween in stacking direction of MEF at least two first soft magnetic layers, coil, and second soft magnetic layer magnetically connected to coil, wherein second soft magnetic layer has ring-like shape, spacing distance between second soft magnetic layer and MEF is larger than first soft magnetic layer and MEF, film thickness of second soft magnetic layer is larger than first soft magnetic layer, part of the two first soft magnetic layers overlaps a part of second soft magnetic layer in stacking direction of MEF, first and second soft magnetic layers are magnetically coupled to each other, and MEF is disposed between respective fore ends of two first soft magnetic layers.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive effect element includes a pair of first soft magnetic layers that are arranged opposite to each other so as to sandwich a magnetoresistive effect film; a second soft magnetic layer; and a coil that is windingly formed about the second soft magnetic layer. When a rear end region cross-sectional area of the first soft magnetic layers is defined as S1r and a tip end region cross-sectional area of the second soft magnetic layer is defined as S2f, S2f>S1r is established, and when a tip end width of the first soft magnetic layers is defined as W1f and a rear end width of the first soft magnetic layers is defined as W1r, W1r>W1f is established.

Abstract: A magnetic element including a magnetoresistive effect film (MEF). Magnetic element includes an MEF and nonmagnetic spacer layer, first and second ferromagnetic layers, wherein layers being disposed with nonmagnetic spacer layer interposed therebetween, pair of electrodes disposed with MEF interposed therebetween in stacking direction of MEF at least two first soft magnetic layers, coil, and second soft magnetic layer magnetically connected to coil, wherein second soft magnetic layer has ring-like shape, spacing distance between second soft magnetic layer and MEF is larger than first soft magnetic layer and MEF, film thickness of second soft magnetic layer is larger than first soft magnetic layer, part of the two first soft magnetic layers overlaps a part of second soft magnetic layer in stacking direction of MEF, first and second soft magnetic layers are magnetically coupled to each other, and MEF is disposed between respective fore ends of two first soft magnetic layers.

Abstract: A thin-film magnetic oscillation element includes a pinned magnetic layer, a free magnetic layer, a nonmagnetic spacer layer provided between the pinned magnetic layer and the free magnetic layer, and a pair of electrodes, in which the easy axis of magnetization of the pinned magnetic layer lies in an in-plane direction of the plane of the pinned magnetic layer, and the easy axis of magnetization of the free magnetic layer lies in a direction normal to the plane of the free magnetic layer. Preferably, the relationship between the saturation magnetization Ms and the magnetic anisotropy field Ha of the free magnetic layer satisfies 1.257 Ms<Ha<12.57 Ms. More preferably, the free magnetic layer is composed of an alloy or a stacked film containing at least one element selected from Co, Ni, Fe, and B.

Abstract: In a variable voltage circuit 50, a resistive element 104 and a magnetoresistance effect element 108 are connected in series between a first voltage source 101 and a second voltage source 102. A magnetic field supply mechanism 121 that applies a magnetic field to the magnetoresistance effect element 108 is provided in the vicinity of the magnetoresistance effect element 108. The magnetic field supply mechanism 121 can vary the resistance value of the magnetoresistance effect element 108 by varying the magnetic field. A node 106 between the resistive element 104 and the magnetoresistance effect element 108 is connected to an output terminal 103.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive effect element includes a pair of first soft magnetic layers that are arranged opposite to each other so as to sandwich a magnetoresistive effect film; a second soft magnetic layer; and a coil that is windingly formed about the second soft magnetic layer. When a rear end region cross-sectional area of the first soft magnetic layers is defined as S1r and a tip end region cross-sectional area of the second soft magnetic layer is defined as S2f, S2f>S1r is established, and when a tip end width of the first soft magnetic layers is defined as W1f and a rear end width of the first soft magnetic layers is defined as W1r, W1r>W1f is established.

Abstract: Data track pattern regions, in which data track patterns are formed by concave/convex patterns, and servo pattern regions, in which servo patterns are formed by concave/convex patterns, are provided on a magnetic recording medium so as to be alternately disposed in a circumferential direction. At least one predetermined region that differs to the data track pattern regions is provided between two servo pattern regions that are adjacent in a circumferential direction. A concave/convex pattern including a plurality of first convex parts formed continuously in a radial direction is formed in each predetermined region.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an oil ring is disclosed. The oil ring includes an annular oil ring body having a pair of rail portions at its axially upper and lower portions and butt ends, and a coil expander assembled in the inner periphery of the oil ring body. A number of oil ring bodies and annular spacers having a smaller diameter than the oil ring bodies are stacked, and then aligned and retained using a jig such that an outer periphery of the oil ring bodies becomes a circle. The aligned oil ring bodies are rotated and a flat region that is substantially level with respect to the outer peripheral sliding surface of the plurality of oil ring bodies is formed. Curved regions extending on both sides of that flat region are formed using a buff or an elastic grindstone.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having a recording layer formed in a concavo-convex pattern, which can allow a head to have stable flying characteristics. The recording layer is formed in a concavo-convex pattern, and concave portions of the concavo-convex pattern of the recording layer are filled with a non-magnetic material. The relationship of S?3.6×R holds, when R represents a concavo-convex ratio obtained by dividing an area of convex portions in a surface by an area of the concave portions in the surface, and S represents a difference in height between a concavity and a convexity of the surface. In the magnetic recording medium, an arithmetical mean deviation of the assessed profile of the surface is limited to 0.3 nm or more.

Abstract: A recording/reproducing apparatus includes: a magnetic recording medium on which data track patterns are formed in data track pattern regions by a pattern with recording regions and non-recording regions and on which servo patterns are formed in servo pattern regions by the pattern; a recording head that writes signals on the medium; a reproducing head that reads signals written on the medium; and a control unit that controls the writing of signals by the recording head and the reading of signals by the reproducing head and measures a predetermined parameter for at least one of the recording head and the reproducing head by writing and reading measurement signals on the medium.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an information recording medium includes an applied layer forming process that applies a fluid material onto a concave/convex pattern formation surface of a substrate where a concave/convex pattern is formed to form an applied layer and a smoothing process that smoothes the surface of the substrate by rubbing a smoothing member against the applied layer.

Abstract: Data track pattern regions, in which data track patterns are formed by concave/convex patterns, and servo pattern regions, in which servo patterns are formed by concave/convex patterns, are provided on a magnetic recording medium so as to be alternately disposed in a circumferential direction. At least one predetermined region that differs to the data track pattern regions is provided between two servo pattern regions that are adjacent in a circumferential direction. A concave/convex pattern including a plurality of first convex parts formed continuously in a radial direction is formed in each predetermined region.

Abstract: A recording/reproducing apparatus includes: a magnetic recording medium on which data track patterns are formed in data track pattern regions by a pattern with recording regions and non-recording regions and on which servo patterns are formed in servo pattern regions by the pattern; a recording head that writes signals on the medium; a reproducing head that reads signals written on the medium; and a control unit that controls the writing of signals by the recording head and the reading of signals by the reproducing head and measures a predetermined parameter for at least one of the recording head and the reproducing head by writing and reading measurement signals on the medium.