Abstract: A suspension system (vehicle) includes: an air suspension that is inserted between a vehicle body and each of wheels and that is capable of extending and contracting by means of pressure of working fluid; a compressed air control unit that controls the working fluid; an electric power supplier that supplies electric power to the compressed air control unit; and a power saver that stops flow of the working fluid when abnormality occurs in the electric power supplier. When a vehicle has a predetermined vehicle height, the power saver stops the flow of the working fluid, and when the vehicle has a vehicle height other than the predetermined vehicle height, the power saver allows the working fluid to flow until the vehicle height reaches the predetermined vehicle height, and then stops the flow of the working fluid.

Abstract: The vehicle height adjustment device includes: a vehicle height adjuster which adjusts vehicle height; a prohibiting mode setter which sets a prohibiting mode that prohibits vehicle height adjustment by the vehicle height adjuster; a first prohibition release unit which performs release of the prohibiting mode in the prohibiting mode setter; and a second prohibition release unit which enables vehicle height adjustment by the vehicle height adjuster, while the prohibiting mode is set by the prohibiting mode setter.

Abstract: A suspension system (vehicle) includes: an air suspension that is inserted between a vehicle body and each of wheels and that is capable of extending and contracting by means of pressure of working fluid; a compressed air control unit that controls the working fluid; an electric power supplier that supplies electric power to the compressed air control unit; and a power saver that stops flow of the working fluid when abnormality occurs in the electric power supplier. When a vehicle has a predetermined vehicle height, the power saver stops the flow of the working fluid, and when the vehicle has a vehicle height other than the predetermined vehicle height, the power saver allows the working fluid to flow until the vehicle height reaches the predetermined vehicle height, and then stops the flow of the working fluid.

Abstract: A vehicle steering system that hardly gives a driver a feeling of strangeness even in mode switching is provided. Even if condition such as a defect of a system, which caused switching from SBW mode to EPS mode, has been resolved, a mode switching section waits for a timing of switching from EPS mode to SBW mode until a second condition is satisfied. The second condition is that the vehicle is in a certain state in which the driver hardly notices mode switching. The mode switching section waits for and judges a timing when the vehicle becomes into a certain state in which the driver hardly notices mode switching, and then performs switching from EPS mode to SBW mode.

Abstract: A vehicle steering system that hardly gives a driver a feeling of strangeness even in mode switching is provided. Even if condition such as a defect of a system, which caused switching from SBW mode to EPS mode, has been resolved, a mode switching section waits for a timing of switching from EPS mode to SBW mode until a second condition is satisfied. The second condition is that the vehicle is in a certain state in which the driver hardly notices mode switching. The mode switching section waits for and judges a timing when the vehicle becomes into a certain state in which the driver hardly notices mode switching, and then performs switching from EPS mode to SBW mode.

Abstract: In a rear wheel toe angle control system, the toe angle response properties of the right and left wheels are prevented from differing from each other depending on the operating condition of the vehicle, and the handling of the vehicle can be improved.

Abstract: In a rear wheel toe angle control system, the toe angle response properties of the right and left wheels are prevented from differing from each other depending on the operating condition of the vehicle, and the handling of the vehicle can be improved.

Abstract: In an electronic control unit including a master integrated ECU and a slave VSA ECU, the VSA ECU is provided with a request restriction unit which receives a request of the integrated ECU. The request restriction unit prohibits the use of the request and prioritizes the control of the VSA ECU when a direction of vehicle behavior controlled by the request of the integrated ECU and a direction of the vehicle behavior controlled by the VSA ECU itself are different.

Abstract: In an electronic control unit including a master integrated ECU and a slave VSA ECU, the VSA ECU is provided with a request restriction unit which receives a request of the integrated ECU. The request restriction unit prohibits the use of the request and prioritizes the control of the VSA ECU when a direction of vehicle behavior controlled by the request of the integrated ECU and a direction of the vehicle behavior controlled by the VSA ECU itself are different.

Abstract: Electrons are directed from an electron emitter towards a magnetic recording medium to heat a recording portion of the magnetic recording medium and magnetic information is written by a magnetic recording head to the temperature-elevated recording portion. Otherwise, a magnetic head having a magnetic pole is used and the magnetic pole serves as an electron emitter as well. Alternatively, a space between the electron emitter and recording medium is made shorter smaller the mean free path of electrons in the atmosphere to considerably improve the recording density.

Abstract: Electrons are directed from an electron emitter towards a magnetic recording medium to heat a recording portion of the magnetic recording medium and magnetic information is written by a magnetic recording head to the temperature-elevated recording portion. Otherwise, a magnetic head having a magnetic pole is used and the magnetic pole serves as an electron emitter as well. Alternatively, a space between the electron emitter and recording medium is made shorter smaller the mean free path of electrons in the atmosphere to considerably improve the recording density.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pattern forming method including the steps of forming a first thin film on an object to be etched, forming a first surface region and a second surface region on a surface of the object by modifying or removing a portion of the first thin film, the first and second surface regions differing from each other in the surface state, forming a second thin film on the first surface region by utilizing the difference in the surface state between the first and second surface regions, the second thin film being amorphous and thicker than the first thin film, and etching the object using the second thin film as an etching mask.

Abstract: Electrons are directed from an electron emitter towards a magnetic recording medium to heat a recording portion of the magnetic recording medium and magnetic information is written by a magnetic recording head to the temperature-elevated recording portion. Otherwise, a magnetic head having a magnetic pole is used and the magnetic pole serves as an electron emitter as well. Alternatively, a space between the electron emitter and recording medium is made shorter smaller the mean free path of electrons in the atmosphere to considerably improve the recording density.

Abstract: This invention is characterized in that information is recorded by injecting electric charge into a charge holding region made from a donor or acceptor, and the recorded information is reproduced by using changes in luminescence characteristics of the luminescent material contained in the charge holding region or a light emitting region formed near the charge holding region, that occur in accordance with the charge condition of the charge holding region.

Abstract: A recording medium includes an underlying conductor layer, an insulating layer formed on the underlying conductor layer, and a recording layer formed with a domain structure on the insulating layer, wherein the recording layer contains a domain constituent material and an impurity whose molar ratio to the domain constituent material is 10% or lower, and the highest occupied molecular orbital of the impurity is higher in energy than the highest occupied molecular orbital of the domain constituent element, or the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the impurity is lower in energy than the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the domain constituent material.

Abstract: In a system for measuring a surface potential of a sample, a probe is located above. A surface of the sample with a small gap and is vibrated by a piezoelectronic element which is energized by a oscillator. A potential of the distal end of the probe is changed and is converted into an electrical signal. The surface potential is obtained from the electrical signal.

Abstract: In a system for measuring a surface potential of a sample, a probe is located above. A surface of the sample with a small gap and is vibrated by a piezoelectronic element which is energized by a oscillator. A potential of the distal end of the probe is changed and is converted into an electrical signal. The surface potential is obtained from the electrical signal.

Abstract: A probe arranged to oppose a sample is coupled to a driving portion constituted by an actuator capable of obtaining a large expansion/contraction amount and an actuator capable of obtaining a small expansion/contraction amount. In order to keep the gap length between the sample and the probe constant, a first gap length control system drives the actuator and a second gap length control system having a driving time constant smaller than that of the first gap length control system drives the actuator in response to changes in gap length between the sample and the probe.

Abstract: A precision moving mechanism can rotate a table continuously and precisely. A first drive disk is made of first and second movable sections and a resilient hinge connecting these sections. A first piezoelectric element has ends coupled to these sections, which can be attached to a first base by first and second members. A second drive disk is made of third and fourth movable sections and a resilient hinge connecting these sections. A second piezoelectric element has ends coupled to these sections, which can be attached to the second base by third and fourth members. The second and third sections are coupled to the second base and table, respectively. During the first period, the first member attaches the first section to the first base, the fourth member attaches the fourth section to the second base, and the first element expands, and the second element contracts, whereby the second section slightly rotates to rotate the table.