Abstract: A method of hydrogenating carbon dioxide, including contacting carbon dioxide and hydrogen with an iron-based catalyst to form a liquid and a gas. The liquid includes CnH2n, CnH2n+2, or a combination thereof and water, wherein n is 5 to 18. The gas includes CH4, CmH2m, CmH2m+2, or a combination thereof, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide, wherein m is 2 to 9. The iron-based catalyst includes 70 mol % to 97 mol % of porous FeO(OH)x (wherein 1<x<2), and 3 mol % to 30 mol % of alkaline metal compound loaded onto the porous FeO(OH)x.

Abstract: A method for selectively chemically reducing CO2 to form CO includes providing a catalyst, and contacting H2 and CO2 with the catalyst to chemically reduce CO2 to form CO. The catalyst includes a metal oxide having a chemical formula of FexCoyMn(1-x-y)Oz, in which 0.7?x?0.95, 0.01?y?0.25, and z is an oxidation coordination number.

Abstract: A method for selectively chemically reducing CO2 to form CO includes providing a catalyst, and contacting H2 and CO2 with the catalyst to chemically reduce CO2 to form CO. The catalyst includes a metal oxide having a chemical formula of FexCoyMn(1?x?y)Oz, in which 0.7?x?0.95, 0.01?y?0.25, and z is an oxidation coordination number.

Abstract: A method for selectively chemically reducing CO2 to form CO includes providing a catalyst, and contacting H2 and CO2 with the catalyst to chemically reduce CO2 to form CO. The catalyst includes a metal oxide having a chemical formula of FexCoyMn(1-x-y)Oz, in which 0.7?x?0.95, 0.01?y?0.25, and z is an oxidation coordination number.

Abstract: A method for selectively chemically reducing CO2 to form CO includes providing a catalyst, and contacting H2 and CO2 with the catalyst to chemically reduce CO2 to form CO. The catalyst includes a metal oxide having a chemical formula of FexCoyMn(1-x-y)Oz, in which 0.7?x?0.95, 0.01?y?0.25, and z is an oxidation coordination number.

Abstract: A method of forming dialkyl carbonate is provided, which includes introducing carbon dioxide into a catalyst to form dialkyl carbonate, wherein the catalyst is formed by activating a catalyst precursor using alcohol, wherein alcohol is R3—OH, and R3 is C1-12 alkyl group or C5-12 aryl or heteroaryl group. The catalyst precursor is formed by reacting Sn(R1)2(L)2 and Ti(OR2)4, and Sn(R1)2(L)2 and Ti(OR2)4 have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. R1 is C1-10 alkyl group, R2 is H or C1-12 alkyl group, and L is O—(C?O)—R5, and R5 is C1-12 alkyl group.

Abstract: A method of forming dialkyl carbonate is provided, which includes introducing carbon dioxide into a catalyst to form dialkyl carbonate, wherein the catalyst is formed by activating a catalyst precursor using alcohol, wherein alcohol is R3—OH, and R3 is C1-12 alkyl group or C5-12 aryl or heteroaryl group. The catalyst precursor is formed by reacting Sn(R1)2(L)2 and Ti(OR2)4, and Sn(R1)2(L)2 and Ti(OR2)4 have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. R1 is C1-10 alkyl group, R2 is H or C1-12 alkyl group, and L is O—(C?O)—R5, and R5 is C1-12 alkyl group.

Abstract: A method of forming dialkyl carbonate is provided, which includes introducing carbon dioxide into a catalyst to form dialkyl carbonate, wherein the catalyst is formed by activating a catalyst precursor using alcohol, wherein alcohol is R3—OH, and R3 is C1-12 alkyl group or C5-12 aryl or heteroaryl group. The catalyst precursor is formed by reacting Sn(R1)2(L)2 and Ti(OR2)4, and Sn(R1)2(L)2 and Ti(OR2)4 have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. R1 is C1-10 alkyl group, R2 is H or C1-12 alkyl group, and L is O—(C?O)—R5, and R5 is C1-12 alkyl group.

Abstract: A method of forming dialkyl carbonate is provided, which includes introducing carbon dioxide into a catalyst to form dialkyl carbonate, wherein the catalyst is formed by activating a catalyst precursor using alcohol, wherein alcohol is R3—OH, and R3 is C1-12 alkyl group or C5-12 aryl or heteroaryl group. The catalyst precursor is formed by reacting Sn(R1)2(L)2 and Ti(OR2)4, and Sn(R1)2(L)2 and Ti(OR2)4 have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. R1 is C1-10 alkyl group, R2 is H or C1-12 alkyl group, and L is O—(C?O)—R5, and R5 is C1-12 alkyl group.

Abstract: A polycarbonate diol is provided. The polycarbonate diol includes repeating units represented by formula (A) and formula (B), and hydroxyl groups located at both ends of the polycarbonate diol. The molar ratio of formula (A) to formula (B) is in a range from 1:99 to 99:1. R1 is a linear, branched or cyclic C2-20 alkylene group. R2 is a linear or branched C2-10 alkylene group; m and n are independently and can be an integer from 0 to 10, and m+n?1. A is a C2-20 alicyclic hydrocarbon, aromatic ring or a structure represented by formula (C). R3 and R4 are independently and can be a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; S is 0 or 1; and Z is selected from R5 and R6 are independently and can be a hydrogen atom or a C1-12 hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided. The catalyst includes a carrier and a metal. The carrier is represented by a formula: MxAl(1-x)O(3-x)/2, where M is an alkaline earth metal, and x is between 0.09 and 0.24. The metal is loaded on the carrier. A method for manufacturing the catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: A spray coater is used to spray a photoresist on a front surface of a wafer. The spray coater includes a vacuum chuck, a flow guiding ring, and a positioning ring. The vacuum chuck has a top surface and a side surface adjacent to the top surface. The wafer is located on the top surface and protrudes from the top surface of the vacuum chuck. The flow guiding ring is disposed around the vacuum chuck and has a groove. The wafer protruding from the top surface covers the flow guiding ring, and an opening of the groove faces a back surface of the wafer opposite to the front surface. The positioning ring is disposed around the flow guiding ring, such that the flow guiding ring is between the positioning ring and the side surface of the vacuum chuck.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided. The catalyst includes a carrier and a metal. The carrier is represented by a formula: MxAl(1-x)O(3-x)/2, where M is an alkaline earth metal, and x is between 0.09 and 0.24. The metal is loaded on the carrier. A method for manufacturing the catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided. The catalyst includes a carrier and a metal Pd. The carrier is represented by a formula: MxAl(1?x)O(3?x)/2, where M is an alkaline earth metal, and x is between 0.09 and 0.24. The metal Pd is loaded on the carrier. A method for manufacturing the catalyst and a method for manufacturing a hydrogenated bisphenol A or derivatives thereof using the catalyst are also provided.

Abstract: A spray coater is used to spray a photoresist on a front surface of a wafer. The spray coater includes a vacuum chuck, a flow guiding ring, and a positioning ring. The vacuum chuck has a top surface and a side surface adjacent to the top surface. The wafer is located on the top surface and protrudes from the top surface of the vacuum chuck. The flow guiding ring is disposed around the vacuum chuck and has a groove. The wafer protruding from the top surface covers the flow guiding ring, and an opening of the groove faces a back surface of the wafer opposite to the front surface. The positioning ring is disposed around the flow guiding ring, such that the flow guiding ring is between the positioning ring and the side surface of the vacuum chuck.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided. The catalyst includes a carrier and a metal Pd. The carrier is represented by a formula: MxAl(1-x)O(3-x)/2, where M is an alkaline earth metal, and x is between 0.09 and 0.24. The metal Pd is loaded on the carrier. A method for manufacturing the catalyst and a method for manufacturing a hydrogenated bisphenol A or derivatives thereof using the catalyst are also provided.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a process for hydrogenation of polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, including: hydrogenation of polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst includes an active metal and a support, the support includes a Group IIA element and a Group IIIA element, and the active metal includes a Group VIIIB element.

Abstract: A support apparatus for wheeled luggage, comprising a luggage case and a frame member, wherein the frame member further comprises a first frame having two main legs and multiple wheels, and a second frame having multiple pivot fasteners and multiple wheels. When pulling the second frame, the second frame and the first frame will be unfolded to form in a shape of cross, so that the structure of the luggage case and the frame member will transform into a platform type, the users do not need to bend down their back or squat down to sort out the articles in the luggage case; furthermore, since the wheels are pivoted to the bottom ends of the first frame and second frame, so that the stability of the wheels is secured.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for removing carbon monoxide (CO) from a gas mixture containing CO including contacting the gas mixture with a nano-gold catalyst to reduce the CO content in the gas mixture by CO selective adsorption/oxidation, water gas shift reaction or CO selective oxidation reaction. The nano-gold catalyst includes a solid support and gold deposited on the support, wherein the deposited gold has a size less than 10 nm, and the support is a mixed metal hydroxide and oxide having the following formula: M(OH)qOy Wherein M is Ti, Fe, Co, Zr, or Ni; q is 0.1-1.5; and q+2y=z, wherein z is the valence of M.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for removing carbon monoxide (CO) from a gas mixture containing CO including contacting the gas mixture with a nano-gold catalyt to reduce the CO content in the gas mixture by CO selective adsorption/oxidation, water gas shift reaction or CO selective oxidation reaction. The nano-gold catalyst includes a solid support and gold deposited on the support, wherein the deposited gold has a size less than 10 nm, and the support is a mixed metal hydroxide and oxide having the following formula: M(OH)qOy Wherein M is Ti, Fe, Co, Zr, or Ni; q is 0.1-1.5; and q+2y=z, wherein z is the valence of M.