Abstract: An electronic device has a narrow viewing angle state and a wide viewing angle state, and includes a panel and a light source providing a light passing through the panel. In the narrow viewing angle state, the light has a first relative light intensity and a second relative light intensity. The first relative light intensity is the strongest light intensity, the second relative light intensity is 50% of the strongest light intensity, the first relative light intensity corresponds to an angle of 0°, the second relative light intensity corresponds to a half-value angle, and the half-value angle is between ?15° and 15°. In the narrow angle state, a third relative light intensity at each angle between 20° and 60° or each angle between ?20° and ?60° is lower than 20% of the strongest light intensity.

Abstract: A method of forming an integrated circuit, including forming a n-type doped well (N-well) and a p-type doped well (P-well) disposed side by side on a semiconductor substrate, forming a first fin active region extruded from the N-well and a second fin active region extruded from the P-well, forming a first isolation feature inserted between and vertically extending through the N-well and the P-well, and forming a second isolation feature over the N-well and the P-well and laterally contacting the first and the second fin active regions.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method for memory cell placement. The method can include placing a memory cell region in a layout area and placing a well pick-up region and a first power supply routing region along a first side of the memory cell region. The method also includes placing a second power supply routing region and a bitline jumper routing region along a second side of the memory cell region, where the second side is on an opposite side to that of the first side. The method further includes placing a device region along the second side of the memory cell region, where the bitline jumper routing region is between the second power supply routing region and the device region.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, a measuring method of liquid mixture purity includes steps as follows. A storage tank is provided, wherein the storage tank is configured for storing a liquid mixture including formic acid and water. A calculating unit is provided, wherein a plurality of formic acid purity values are saved in the calculating unit. A pressure-decreasing and heating step is performed by reducing a pressure of the storage tank and heating the storage tank. A measuring step is performed by measuring in the inner space of the storage tank to obtain a pressure value, and measuring the liquid mixture simultaneously to obtain a temperature value. A calculating step is performed by inputting the pressure value and the temperature value into the calculating unit, wherein the calculating unit outputs one of the formic acid purity values corresponding thereto.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, and a fourth lens element arranged from an object side to an image side in the given order. The image-side surface of the first lens element comprises a convex portion in a vicinity of a periphery of the first lens element. The imaging lens has a system length less than 3.0 mm. The imaging lens does not have any lens element with refractive power other than the first, second, third, and fourth lens elements.

Abstract: Present embodiments provide for a mobile device and an optical imaging lens thereof. The optical imaging lens comprises five lens elements positioned sequentially from an object side to an image side. Through controlling the convex or concave shape of the surfaces and/or the refracting power of the lens elements, the optical imaging lens shows better optical characteristics and the total length of the optical imaging lens is shortened.

Abstract: An optical imaging lens includes five lens elements arranged from an object side to an image side in a given order along an optical axis of the optical imaging lens. The object-side surface of the second lens element has a convex portion in a vicinity of its periphery, the object -side surface of the third lens element has a convex portion in a vicinity of the optical axis, the object-side surface of the fourth lens element has a concave portion in a vicinity of its periphery, the optical imaging lens as a whole has only the five lens elements, and an effective system focal length is EFL, an air gap between the second lens element and the third lens element along the optical axis is G23, a central thickness of the third lens element along the optical axis is T3, and EFL, G23 and T3 satisfy the equation 4.89?EFL/(G23+T3)?5.88.

Abstract: An optical imaging lens includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth lens elements arranged sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis. The image-side surface of the first lens element comprises a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis. The object-side surface of the fourth lens element comprises a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis. The optical imaging lens as a whole has only the five lens elements having refractive power.

Abstract: Present embodiments provide for a mobile device and an optical imaging lens thereof. The optical imaging lens comprises five lens elements positioned sequentially from an object side to an image side. Through controlling the convex or concave shape of the surfaces and/or the refracting power of the lens elements, the optical imaging lens shows better optical characteristics and the total length of the optical imaging lens is shortened.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, and a fourth lens element arranged from an object side to an image side in the given order. The image-side surface of the first lens element comprises a convex portion in a vicinity of a periphery of the first lens element. The imaging lens has a system length less than 3.0 mm. The imaging lens does not have any lens element with refractive power other than the first, second, third, and fourth lens elements.

Abstract: An optical imaging lens includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth lens elements arranged sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis. The image-side surface of the first lens element comprises a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis. The object-side surface of the fourth lens element comprises a concave portion in a vicinity of the optical axis. The optical imaging lens as a whole has only the five lens elements having refractive power.

Abstract: An optical imaging lens includes first, second, third, fourth and fifth lens elements arranged sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis. The image-side surface of the first lens element comprises a convex portion in a vicinity of its periphery. The third lens element has negative power. The object-side surface of the fifth lens element comprises a concave portion in a vicinity of its periphery. The optical imaging lens as a whole has only the five lens elements having refractive power.

Abstract: An optical imaging lens includes a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, and a fifth lens element sequentially arranged along an optical axis from an object side to an image side. Each of the first lens element to the fifth lens element has an object-side surface facing toward the object side and an image-side surface facing toward the image side. A distance between the image-side surface of the fifth lens element and an image plane along the optical axis is BFL, an air gap between the first lens element and the second lens element along the optical axis is G12, an air gap between the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element along the optical axis is G45, a central thickness of the fifth lens element along the optical axis is T5, satisfying the equation: 1.861?(BFL+G12)/(G45+T5)?3.055.

Abstract: An optical imaging lens includes a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, and a fifth lens element sequentially arranged along an optical axis from an object side to an image side. Each of the first lens element to the fifth lens element has an object-side surface facing toward the object side and an image-side surface facing toward the image side. A distance between the image-side surface of the fifth lens element and an image plane along the optical axis is BFL, an air gap between the first lens element and the second lens element along the optical axis is G12, an air gap between the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element along the optical axis is G45, a central thickness of the fifth lens element along the optical axis is T5, satisfying the equation: 1.861?(BFL+G12)/(G45+T5)?3.055.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, and a fourth lens element arranged from an object side to an image side in the given order. The first lens element has positive refractive power and an image-side surface with a concave portion in the vicinity of an optical axis. The object-side surface of the third lens element has a concave portion in a vicinity of an optical axis of the imaging lens. The object-side surface of the fourth lens element has a convex portion in a vicinity of the optical axis of the imaging lens. The imaging lens does not have any lens element with refractive power other than the first, second, third, and fourth lens elements.

Abstract: The optical imaging lens includes, sequentially from an object side to an image side in order from an optical axis, first, second, third, fourth, and fifth lens elements. The first lens element is made of plastic. The object-side of the second lens element has a convex portion in a vicinity of the optical axis. The third lens element is made of plastic. The object-side surface of the fourth lens element has a concave portion in the vicinity of its periphery. The sum of thicknesses of all five lens elements along the optical axis is ALT, the distance between the image-side surface of the fifth lens element and an image plane along the optical axis is BFL, and the optical imaging lens satisfies the equation: 1.167?ALT/BFL?1.685.

Abstract: Present embodiments provide for a mobile device and an optical imaging lens thereof. The optical imaging lens comprises five lens elements positioned sequentially from an object side to an image side. Through controlling the convex or concave shape of the surfaces and/or the refracting power of the lens elements, the optical imaging lens shows better optical characteristics and the total length of the optical imaging lens is shortened.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes first, second, third, and fourth lens elements arranged from an object side to an image side in the given order. The first lens element has an image-side surface with a concave portion in the vicinity of its periphery. The second lens element has an image-side surface with a convex portion in the vicinity of the optical axis. The third lens element has a positive refractive power. The imaging lens does not have any lens element with refractive power other than the first, second, third, and fourth lens elements.

Abstract: An optical imaging lens includes a plurality of lens elements arranged in the given order from an object side to an imaging side. Each of the lens elements has a refracting power, an object-side surface facing toward the object side and an image-side surface facing toward the image side. The lens elements include a first lens element closest to the object side, a second lens element second closest to the object-side, a third lens element having a positive refracting power, and a fourth lens element having its object-side and image-side surfaces being aspheric. The object-side surface of the first lens element has a concave portion in the vicinity of the optical axis. The third lens element has at least one of the object-side and image-side surfaces being aspheric.

Abstract: The optical imaging lens includes, sequentially from an object side to an image side in order from an optical axis, first, second, third, fourth, and fifth lens elements. The first lens element is made of plastic. The object-side of the second lens element has a convex portion in a vicinity of the optical axis. The third lens element is made of plastic. The object-side surface of the fourth lens element has a concave portion in the vicinity of its periphery. The sum of thicknesses of all five lens elements along the optical axis is ALT, the distance between the image-side surface of the fifth lens element and an image plane along the optical axis is BFL, and the optical imaging lens satisfies the equation: 1.167?ALT/BFL?1.685.