Abstract: Arylacetic acids and their esters, of the formula Ar(CH.sub.2 -COOR).sub.n (where Ar=aryl, R is H or a hydrocarbon radical, and n is 1 or 2) are manufactured by carbonylation of halomethylaryl compounds Ar(CH.sub.2 C).sub.n (where X is Cl, Br or I) with carbon monoxide and a catalyst m.sup.+ ?Fe(O).sub.3 NO!.sup.- (where M is an alkali metal, ammonium or one equivalent of an alkaline earth metal) in the presence of stoichiometric amounts of an inorganic base or of an alcoholate of an alcohol ROH.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## where R is a polyethylene glycol radical of 3 to 60 chain members or a polypropylene glycol radical of 3 to 60 chain members or the radical of an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymer of average molecular weight from 300 to 8,500, and R' is straight-chain or branched alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or benzyl.

Abstract: Conventionally limed hides are delimed for from one to six hours under conventional deliming conditions in respect of liquor length, temperature and pH of the liquor, by a process in which a cyclic carbonate of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol of 2 to 6 carbon atoms is employed as the active agent.

Abstract: A surface protection for a hot-tinning system or soldering system particularly useful for the air jets of the system characterized by the surfaces of the parts, which come into contact with the solder during the process, being provided with a non-metallic, heat resistant layer. The layer, which preferably has a thickness range of between 0.2 and 0.4 mm, may be an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ceramic layer, which is preferably applied by a plasma spraying process, or may be a polytetrafluoroethylene coating. It is further desireable that the surface, which is to be protected by the heat resistant layer, is provided as a sand blasted surface which has been provided with an adhesion layer consisting of Ni-Mo-Al alloy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of alkali-containing pulverent raw material used in the manufacture of cement in which the material is preheated in a preheater and after sintering in a furnace is conveyed to a cooler. Alkali free exhaust air from the cooler is conveyed into the preheater for heating the material and the alkali-containing furnace exhaust gases are cooled by means of adding a portion of the pulverized raw material to them in a heat exchanger. The alkali salts are condensed and are separated off in a dust collecting chamber.

Abstract: A process for the activated anionic polymerization of lactams wherein as activator a fluid partially masked aliphatic araliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate being masked with 0.5-0.7 equivalents of lactam per equivalent of NCO groups is used.

Abstract: Dimethyl carbonate is obtained pure, from its solutions in methanol, by extractive distillation carried out with a temperature of from 60.degree. C. at the top to 250.degree. C. at the bottom of the column and employing, as the extractant, an aprotic organic liquid which is substantially inert toward dimethyl carbonate, boils at above 100.degree. C. at standard pressure, is miscible with dimethyl carbonate in all proportions and has a dielectric constant .epsilon. of from 4 to 90 and a dipole moment .mu. of from 1.5 to 5 Debye.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of alkali-containing pulverent raw material used in the manufacture of cement in which the material is preheated in a preheater and after sintering in a furnace is conveyed to a cooler. Alkali free exhaust air from the cooler is conveyed into the preheater for heating the material and the alkali-containing furnace exhaust gases are cooled by means of adding a portion of the pulverized raw material to them in a heat exchanger. The alkali salts are condensed and are separated off in a dust collecting chamber.

Abstract: A vessel for a molten substance for modifying the properties of objects of glass and similar materials, comprises an inner vessel and an outer vessel with an annular space defined therebetween, an elastic tongue connecting the inner vessel and the outer vessel, means in said space for guiding a heating gas including fins mounted on the inside of the outer vessel which also support the inner vessel and an upright web between the inner vessel and the outer vessel reinforcing the combined vessel structure and separating the hot gas guiding system into discrete sections on opposite sides of the web.

Abstract: A new compound, 1,3,5-tris-(2-chloroformyl-oxyethyl)-isocyanurate.

Abstract: For the continuous melting of salts to be used for modifying the properties of objects of glass or similar materials, an apparatus is provided with inner and outer vessels, an annular chamber between the vessels for containing a heat exchange fluid, ribs on the outer walls of the inner vessel for guiding the heat exchange fluid and assisting heat exchange from the heat exchange fluid to the inner vessel, means for transferring heat to the heat exchange fluid, means for circulating the heat exchange fluid through the chamber, means for admitting the salt to the inner vessel, the inner vessel having an upper portion of a semi-circular profile defining a radiant heating surface for radiating heat downwardly onto the salt and having a lower portion of approximately triangular to parabolic profile defining a conduction heating surface for transferring heat to the salt by conduction, the upper surface to be formed by the salt charged to the inner vessel defining a melting surface and the ratio of the area of the ra

Abstract: Polymer mixtures consisting essentially ofA. a polyethylene with a melt index of above 15 g/10 min,B. a graft polymer of an ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid copolymer as graft substrate and grafted polymerized units of .epsilon.-caprolactam, andC. a poly-.epsilon.-caprolactam.

Abstract: A gas phase process for the production of triethylenediamine or 1,4-diaza-bicyclo-(2,2,2)-octane from N,N'-dihydroxyethylpiperazine, wherein aluminum oxide is used as a catalyst.

Abstract: In combination with at least one vessel for containing a molten salt for chemically hardening or otherwise surface treating objects of glass or similar materials, a conveyor for transporting the objects through a treatment zone comprising at least one vessel for containing a molten salt, the conveyor comprising a plurality of driven sprocket wheels, a sprocket chain trained over the sprocket wheels, the objects so mounted on the sprocket chain as not to permit the objects substantially to change their orientation with a change in the orientation of the sprocket chain, the sprocket wheels and sprocket chain being so arranged that the objects are first carried downwardly into the vessel and are then carried upwardly out of the vessel with the opening of any depression or cavity in each of the objects facing downwardly during the upward movement.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of polyamide mouldings by activated, anionic polymerisation of lactams having at least five ring members by means of screw injection-moulding machines and screw extruders, the improvement comprises polymerising the lactam melt containing an activator and a catalyst partially in a stirrer unit up to a relative viscosity of at least 1.4 measured at 25.degree. C on a 1% by weight solution of the polyamide in cresol.

Abstract: The production of glycol monoesters of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids of three or four carbon atoms and 1,2-diols of two to four carbon atoms by the reaction of acids with 1,2-alkylene oxides of two to four carbon atoms at elevated temperature in the presence of catalysts and polymerization initiators and also of molecular oxygen as an additional agent for suppressing polymerization.

Abstract: Production of oxyalkylated acetylenic alcohols by reaction of acetylenic alcohols with alkylene oxides in the presence of phosphines, polar aprotic solvents or thioethers.