Abstract: Computer system having a memory for storing programs including knowledge, processing input signals and generating output signals which represent information. The programs contain several execution components (2,4,5) and a control component (1) which controls the execution components (2,4,5) in adjustments (3,6). A control component (1) withdraws resources from an execution component (2,4,5) which does not solve a problem and activates another execution component (2,4,5). In this way, the computer system itself selects and organizes execution components (2,4,5) in adjustments (3,6) so that problems can be solved efficiently by the execution components (2,4,5). In particular, the computer system can be applied in fields that require an automatic adaption of its programs and its knowledge to hardly predictable new problems and situations. Examples of such fields of application are image and language processing and robotics.

Abstract: A computer system and process of operating a computer having a memory for storing knowledge which includes a reflection base and special knowledge. The reflection base contains complete instructions which can be executed by processors of known type and meta-knowledge about the instructions. The instructions provide components of new knowledge and the meta-knowledge is applied to the construction of compositions of the instructions. The special knowledge contains knowledge in a field of application. The special knowledge is changed and extended on the basis of the special knowledge itself wherein compositions of the instructions are constructed from the reflection base and the special knowledge, the execution of these compositions of instructions is controlled on the basis of the special knowledge, and components of the changed and extended special knowledge are generated from parts of the special knowledge and parts of the compositions of instructions.