Abstract: A novel gRNA-ligand binding complex is provided. This complex may be used to bring Type V Cas proteins and additional effectors to DNA for base editing. The design of the systems allows for the production of efficient modular components that provide flexibility when editing DNA.

Abstract: A method for capturing and deorbiting space debris includes: providing a space debris capturing device; deploying the space debris capturing device in planetary orbit; determining, via an onboard global positioning system unit, the position and orbit velocity of the space debris capturing device; receiving an initial target set including a first database of space debris targets that are within range of the space debris capturing device; performing a first algorithm to convert the initial target set to an accessible target set including a second database of space debris targets that are within range of the space debris capturing device, the second database is smaller than the first database; performing a second algorithm to convert the accessible target set to a final target set including a third database of space debris targets to be captured by the space debris capturing device, the third database is smaller than the second database; transferring the space debris capturing device to a position within a captu

Abstract: A method of preparing a diorganodihalosilane, the method comprising the following separate and consecutive steps: (i) treating a preformed metal silicide with a mixture comprising hydrogen gas and a silicon tetrahalide at a temperature from 300 to 1400° C. to form a treated metal silicide, wherein the preformed metal silicide comprises a metal selected from at least one of Ni, Pd, or Pt; and (ii) reacting the treated metal silicide with an organohalide according to the formula RX at a temperature from 250 to 700° C. to form a diorganodihalosilane, wherein R is C1-C10 hydrocarbyl and X is halo.

Abstract: A method of preparing a diorganodihalosilane, the method comprising the following separate and consecutive steps: (i) treating a preformed metal silicide with a mixture comprising hydrogen gas and a silicon tetrahalide at a temperature from 300 to 1400° C. to form a treated metal silicide, wherein the preformed metal silicide comprises a metal selected from at least one of Ni, Pd, or Pt; and (ii) reacting the treated metal silicide with an organohalide according to the formula RX at a temperature from 250 to 700° C. to form a diorganodihalosilane, wherein R is C1-C10 hydrocarbyl and X is halo.

Abstract: An automated railroad crossing warning system includes a controller for servicing the intersection of a railroad track and a roadway with directional horns oriented in opposite directions to direct horn blasts along the roadway is disclosed. A controller detects the presence of a train approaching the intersection and transmits a signal to the horns to activate the horns. A horn detector transmits a signal to the controller upon activation of the horns at a predetermined decibel level. The controller then activates the light such that the railroad engineer can visually determine that the horns at the intersection are being activated. The controller includes an electronic circuit which causes the horns to produce blasts in a predetermined sequence which matches the conventional signal produced by a train engine upon approaching such a crossing.

Abstract: An automated railroad crossing warning system includes a controller for servicing the intersection of a railroad track and a roadway with directional horns oriented in opposite directions to direct horn blasts along the roadway is disclosed. A controller detects the presence of a train approaching the intersection and transmits a signal to the horns to activate the horns. A horn detector transmits a signal to the controller upon activation of the horns at a predetermined decibel level. The controller then activates the light such that the railroad engineer can visually determine that the horns at the intersection are being activated. The controller includes an electronic circuit which causes the horns to produce blasts in a predetermined sequence which matches the conventional signal produced by a train engine upon approaching such a crossing.

Abstract: In a disk drive system having two actuators, each said actuator having a plurality of transducers, said system employing a transducer switching procedure for switching between a first presently selected transducer and a second to be selected transducer, an apparatus, associated with the nonpackwriting actuator, for controlling the sensing of an address mark by said second transducer, said apparatus comprising an address mark means for generating an address mark search signal to start an address mark search when an address mark is expected to be read by said first transducers; and an adjusting means connected to said address mark means for altering the time when said address mark means will generate said address mark search signal such that said second transducer will read the next address mark to occur on the track being read by said second transducer after said second transducer is selected.