Abstract: Monitoring of a line system (1) in which a liquid medium (3) is guided in a line (2). The current pressure of the liquid medium (3) in the line (2) and in the associated current flow are sensed at sensing times. The two values are fed to a computing unit (5). The computing unit (5) calculates a theoretical flow of the liquid medium (3) in the line (2) from the sensed current pressure by taking into account a specified flow function. The flow function describes a physical relationship between the theoretical flow of the liquid medium (3) and the current pressure of the liquid medium (3). The computing unit (5) determines an individual degree of clogging on the basis of the current flow and the theoretical flow. On the basis of a number of determined individual degrees of clogging and by using stochastic methods, the computing unit (5) calculates an interval within which a degree of clogging of the line system (1) lies with a probability to be defined.

Abstract: Monitoring of a line system (1) in which a liquid medium (3) is guided in a line (2). The current pressure of the liquid medium (3) in the line (2) and in the associated current flow are sensed at sensing times. The two values are fed to a computing unit (5). The computing unit (5) calculates a theoretical flow of the liquid medium (3) in the line (2) from the sensed current pressure by taking into account a specified flow function. The flow function describes a physical relationship between the theoretical flow of the liquid medium (3) and the current pressure of the liquid medium (3). The computing unit (5) determines an individual degree of clogging on the basis of the current flow and the theoretical flow. On the basis of a number of determined individual degrees of clogging and by using stochastic methods, the computing unit (5) calculates an interval within which a degree of clogging of the line system (1) lies with a probability to be defined.

Abstract: A method for operating a continuous casting machine (1) at the start of casting, at the end of casting and when producing a transitional piece (21) for improving the quality of the ends of the strand (16, 18), and protecting the machine from damage. At the start of casting, perform the following additional method steps: recording a position of the beginning of the strand (16) in the strand guide (4); after the beginning of the strand (16) and after an upper end (17a) of the beginning region of the strand (17), has passed a pair of adjustable strand guiding rollers (5) adjusting the roller pair to touch the strand (2); cooling the beginning region of the strand (17) by the cooling nozzle (10) delivering an amount of coolant Q less than a nominal amount of coolant Qnom to the beginning region of the strand (17); and cooling the main part of the strand (20) by the cooling nozzle (10) delivering an amount of coolant Q that is substantially equal to Qnom to the main part of the strand (20).

Abstract: A method for operating a continuous casting machine (1) at the start of casting, at the end of casting and when producing a transitional piece (21) for improving the quality of the ends of the strand (16, 18), and protecting the machine from damage. At the start of casting, perform the following additional method steps: recording a position of the beginning of the strand (16) in the strand guide (4); after the beginning of the strand (16) and after an upper end (17a) of the beginning region of the strand (17), has passed a pair of adjustable strand guiding rollers (5) adjusting the roller pair to touch the strand (2); cooling the beginning region of the strand (17) by the cooling nozzle (10) delivering an amount of coolant Q less than a nominal amount of coolant Qnom to the beginning region of the strand (17); and cooling the main part of the strand (20) by the cooling nozzle (10) delivering an amount of coolant Q that is substantially equal to Qnom to the main part of the strand (20).