Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of acyl cyanides of the general formulaR--CO--CN (I)whereinR represents an optionally substituted alkyl radical with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl radical with 3 to 12 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aryl radical or an optionally substituted 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic radical, which can additionally be fused to a benzene ring,in which a carboxylic acid fluoride or the general formulaR--CO--F (II)in whichR has the abovementioned meaningis reacted with an alkali metal cyanide, optionally in the presence of a diluent, at a temperature between 10.degree. and 200.degree. C.The acylcyanides (I) can be used as intermediates in the synthesis of known herbicides.

Abstract: A process for preparing an .alpha.-ketonitrile of the formula ##STR1## in which R is optionally substituted aryl, comprising reacting a cyanohydrin of the formula ##STR2## with sulphuryl chloride or thionyl chloride.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a tartronic ester of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is an optionally substituted alkyl or cycloalkyl radical, comprising reacting (trimethylsilyloxy)tricyanomethane in the presence of a mineral acid, with at least one alcohol of the formula R.sub.1 OH and R.sub.2 OH and hydrolyzing the product of reaction. Advantageously the alcohols are employed in at least three times the molar amount of the (trimethylsilyloxy)tricyanomethane, and the reaction and hydrolysis are carried out in immediate succession in the same reaction vessel.

Abstract: Dicyanogen is prepared by reacting trimethylsilyl cyanide with cyanogen halides in the presence of Lewis acids.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of polyurea-based microcellular moldings comprising reacting(a) at least one diisocyanate or polyisocyanate containing only aromatically bound isocyanate groups,(b) at least one compound containing at least two isocyanate-reactive groups, and(c) optionally the auxiliaries and additives known in polyurethane chemistry, in closed molds, components (a)-(c) being processed as a one-shot system by reaction injection molding, characterized in that component (b) comprises at least one polyether compound (b1) optionally in admixture with other isocyanate-reactive compounds and containing at least 3 aliphatically bonded ether groups and n-aliphatically bonded isocyanate-reactive groups, n standing for an integer or, statistically a fraction of from 2-4(i) at least (100:n) % of the isocyanate-reactive groups present in component (b1) being aliphatically bonded primary and/or secondary amino groups,(ii) at least 10 equivalent % of said amino groups being

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N,O-disubstituted urethanes. A substituted urea, an alcohol and a compound taken from the group consisting of N-unsubstituted urethanes, urea, polyurets and mixtures thereof at a temperature of 120.degree.-350.degree. C. The urethanes prepared by this process are particularly suitable for the preparation of isocyanates.

Abstract: Carboxylic acid anhydrides of the general formulaR--CO--O--CO--R' (I)in whichR and R' are identical or different and represent an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted aryl group, or represent an optionally substituted 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic radical which additionally can be fused to a benzene ring,are obtained in high yields by a process in which a trimethylsilyl carboxylate of the general formulaR--CO--OSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3 (II)in whichR has the meaning given above, is reacted with a carboxylic acid-halide of the general formulaR'CO--X (III)in whichR' has the meaning given above, andX represents a halogen atom, if appropriate in the presence of a catalyst and, if appropriate, in the presence of a diluent, at a temperature between 20.degree. and 250.degree. C.The carboxylic acid anhydrides are valuable intermediate products for organic syntheses.

Abstract: 3-Alkenylmercapto-, 3-alkinylmercapto-, 3-alkenylamino- and 3-alkinylamino-4-amino-6-tert.-butyl-1,2,4-triazin-5-ones of the general formula ##STR1## in which A represents a sulphur or a radical of the general formula --NR.sup.2 --,R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group,R.sup.1 represents an alkenyl or alkinyl group,X represents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group, andY represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or an alkoxy group,are new, are prepared as described, and find use as herbicides.

Abstract: Diisocyanates corresponding to the general formula ##STR1## wherein R denotes the residue of an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic diisocyanate andR' denotes an alkyl group,and a process for the preparation of these diisocyanates by the reaction of a trialkylsilyl cyanide with at least 2 mol of an organic diisocyanate at -25.degree. C. to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: Acyl cyanides of the general formula ##STR1## in which R represents alkyl or substituted alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; cycloalkyl or substituted cycloalkyl with 3 to 12 carbon atoms; aryl or substituted aryl; or an optionally substituted 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic radical which can additionally also be fused with a benzene ring, are prepared by reacting the corresponding carboxylic acid anhydride in the liquid phase with anhydrous hydrocyanic acid, at a temperature of between 50.degree. to 250.degree. C.

Abstract: Acyl cyanides of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted aryl group, or an optionally substituted 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic radical which additionally can be fused to a benzene ring,are obtained in high yields by reacting carboxylic acid anhydrides of the formula R--CO--O--CO--R (II) with trimethylsilyl cyanide, (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Si--CN (III), if appropriate in the presence of a catalyst and, if appropriate, in the presence of a diluent, at a temperature between 50.degree. and 250.degree. C. The acyl cyanides can be used as intermediate products, for example, for the preparation of certain herbicidally active compounds of the triazinone series.

Abstract: The present invention is related to compositions containing isocyanatosilanes as additives to increase the stability in storage of liquid or pasty, clear or pigmented compositions containing polyurethane prepolymers with free isocyanate groups and optionally containing solvents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of compounds containing reversibly blocked and, optionally, free alcoholic hydroxyl groups, characterized in that organic compounds containing at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group, but otherwise being inert under the reaction conditions are reacted at 0.degree. to 140.degree. C. with N,N'-disubstituted 5-acylimino-imidazolidine diones. The present invention also relates to the use of these compounds for the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: New 2-trimethylsilyloxy-ethylamines are disclosed. They can be prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of 1-trimethylsilyloxynitriles which are substituted in the 2-position.

Abstract: In the preparation of pivaloyl cyanide of the formula(CH.sub.3).sub.3 C--CO--CNby reaction of pivalic acid anhydride with anhydrous hydrocyanic acid, the improvement which comprises carrying out the reaction continuously in the presence of a catalyst comprising an alkali metal/copper cyanide complex, an alkaline earth metal/copper cyanide complex or an alkali metal salt, or an alkaline earth metal salt, of an aliphatic, cycloalkphatic or aromatic, carboxylic acid, or a precursor of such a salt, in either case optionally in admixture with a Lewis acid, and in the presence of an inert, aprotic organic diluent, which boils above about 210.degree. C., at a temperature between about 180.degree. and 240.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N,O-disubstituted urethanes. Urea or polyurets, primary amines and alcohols are reacted at 120.degree.-350.degree. C. in the presence of N-substituted urethanes and/or N-mono- or N,N'-disubstituted ureas or polyureas. In a preferred embodiment, the reactants further include catalysts known to be useful in esterification of carboxylic acids. The urethanes produced in accordance with this process are particularly useful as starting materials for preparation of isocyanates.

Abstract: A process for preparing partially known .alpha.-dicyanotrimethylsilyloxy compounds which are intermediates in the production of insecticidal substituted hydroxymalonic acid diamides and are of the general formula ##STR1## comprises reacting a carboxylic anhydride of the general formula ##STR2## at a temperature between 10.degree. and 250.degree. C. with trimethylsilyl cyanide, if appropriate in the presence of a solvent and/or if appropriate in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyurethane foams capable of being flame laminated and high frequency welded, comprising reacting:(a) polyisocyanate,(b) a compound having a molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000 containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and(c) a dialkoxy-phosphonyl-N-alkyl-formic acid amide of the formula: ##STR1## wherein m represents an integer of from 1 to 3,n represents an integer of from 0 to 8,X represents halogen, hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, -OR, or ##STR2## R represents C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkylene, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl or C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 arylene, andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, represent C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 alkyl in the presence of water and/or blowing agent.The present invention also relates to dialkoxy-phosphonyl-N-formic acid amides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new azulmic acids stabilized by condensation with carbonyl compounds, several processes for their preparation and their use for various purposes.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of N,O-disubstituted urethanes. Primary amines and alcohols are reacted with organic compounds having carbonyl groups at 120.degree. to 350.degree. C. Suitable carbonyl-containing compounds include N-unsubstituted urethanes. N-mono-substituted, N,N'-disubstituted ureas, or polyureas may be used in combination with the N-unsubstituted urethane. The product urethanes are particularly suitable for the preparation of isocyanates.