Abstract: Disclosed are devices and methods for optimizing a protective helmet or other item of protective clothing with one or more enhanced principal impact zones and/or impact elements that incorporate protective features that can be particularized to a specific player-position and/or the individual behavior of a specific player or wearer.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines includes a high-pressure accumulator acted on with highly pressurized fuel by a high-pressure delivery unit and in turn supplies fuel to fuel injectors. The fuel injection system has a pressure control valve, which is disposed between a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side and actuating a valve element. The pressure control valve is actuated by means of an electrical actuator. An end surface of the pressure control valve delimits the low-pressure region in the high-pressure accumulator and is sealed by means of a seal disposed on the low-pressure side.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines including a high-pressure reservoir which is acted upon by fuel at high pressure via a high-pressure feed unit and supplies fuel injectors with fuel. The high-pressure feed unit is assigned a pressure regulating valve which is disposed between a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side and includes a valve element which is triggerable via an electrical final control element. The pressure regulating valve includes a housing component which includes a deformable region by way of which, upon mounting of the pressure regulating valve on a receiving body, a gap L between faces of an electrically triggerable final control element assembly is adjustable.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines includes a high-pressure accumulator acted on with highly pressurized fuel by a high-pressure delivery unit and in turn supplies fuel to fuel injectors. The fuel injection system has a pressure control valve, which is disposed between a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side and actuating a valve element. The pressure control valve is actuated by means of an electrical actuator. An end surface of the pressure control valve delimits the low-pressure region in the high-pressure accumulator and is sealed by means of a seal disposed on the low-pressure side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure accumulator for fuel injection systems, having a number of line connections corresponding to the number of chambers of an internal combustion engine. The accumulator has an essentially circular cross section delimited by an inner wall. The individual line connections each have a fuel-conveying longitudinal bore and, with the aid of a screw element, are held in a fitting fastened to the outside of the high-pressure accumulator. The screw element presses the respective high-pressure line connection into a seat. The high-pressure accumulator has an oscillation-damping valve integrated into it that includes a closing element, which is acted on by a spring body supported against a shaft connected to the closing element and is optionally supported against the inside of the high-pressure accumulator.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines includes including a high-pressure reservoir which is acted upon by fuel at high pressure via a high-pressure feed unit and supplies fuel injectors with fuel. The high-pressure feed unit is assigned a pressure regulating valve which is disposed between a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side and includes a valve element which is triggerable via an electrical final control element. The pressure regulating valve includes a housing component which includes a deformable region by way of which, upon mounting of the pressure regulating valve on a receiving body, a gap L between faces of an electrically triggerable final control element assembly is adjustable.

Abstract: A method and a device for storing and/or reading out data of a fuel metering system, in particular a fuel pump or an injector, as described. Data on the fuel pump and/or the injector is assigned to at least one electronic component. The data is taken into account by a control unit in controlling the fuel metering system. The component is mechanically and/or electrically connected to the control unit during a first interval of time and is mechanically and/or electrically detached from the control unit and/or the fuel metering unit during a second interval of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure accumulator for fuel injection systems, having a number of line connections corresponding to the number of chambers of an internal combustion engine. The accumulator has an essentially circular cross section delimited by an inner wall. The individual line connections each have a fuel-conveying longitudinal bore and, with the aid of a screw element, are held in a fitting fastened to the outside of the high-pressure accumulator. The screw element presses the respective high-pressure line connection into a seat. The high-pressure accumulator has an oscillation-damping valve integrated into it that includes a closing element, which is acted on by a spring body supported against a shaft connected to the closing element and is optionally supported against the inside of the high-pressure accumulator.

Abstract: A common rail fuel injection device for internal combustion engines includes a housing, a high-pressure fuel connection, and a fuel return connection including a plug part for connection to a fuel return line. To make the fuel injection device easier to assemble, the fuel return connection includes a socket part, which is secured in fuelproof fashion in a fuel return opening in the housing and onto which the plug part is placed in fuelproof fashion.

Abstract: In fuel supply systems with two fuel pumps connected in series and fuel valves that inject directly into the combustion chamber, there have been occasional problems. The proposal is made that in order to eliminate these problems, the first fuel pump operates with increased delivery capacity, particularly during the startup process and in the event of high fuel temperature. The fuel supply system is provided for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radial piston pump for generating high fuel pressure in fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, in particular in a common rail injection system, having a driveshaft, supported in a housing, that has an eccentrically embodied shaft portion which cooperates with preferably a plurality of pistons capable of reciprocating radially, relative to the driveshaft, in a respective element bore, in order to aspirate fuel and subject it to high pressure in a high-pressure region. In order to increase the efficiency and lengthen the service life, in the outer jacket face (3) of the pistons and/or the inner jacket face of the element bore, a structure in the ?m range is formed.

Abstract: A fuel injection system in which only one pump element at a time can aspirate fuel. As a result, it is attained that even in partial-load operation, all the pump elements are in operation, and as a consequence the smooth operation of the engine in partial-load operation is improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine, having a unit such as a pressure regulator, mounted in electrically insulated fashion and including an electrically conductive housing, and the housing is connected via an electrical connection to a defined electrical potential. As a result, static charging of the unit, which could become dangerous, is precluded. The fuel supply system is intended in particular for pumping fuel to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.

Abstract: Disposed above a loading section (16), on which horizontally arranged strip-shaped packaging material (P) is longitudinally movable, is a shaping wheel (20), which has an, in relation to the loading section (16), transverse central axis (22) and is rotatable about the latter. The shaping wheel (20) has a cylindrical peripheral surface (24) and contains a plurality of moulds (32) which are disposed at angular intervals, starting from the cylindrical peripheral surface (24), radially in relation to the central axis (22). The peripheral speed of the shaping wheel (20) corresponds to a slip-free rolling of its peripheral surface (24) on the packaging material (P). Each of the moulds (32) contains a piston (50) which is movable back and forth between a retracted position for filling the mould (32) with substance (M) and an advanced position for ejecting the consolidated formed body (F) in a radially outward direction onto the packaging material (P).

Abstract: A high-pressure fuel accumulator for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, in particular for a common-rail fuel injection system, has an elongated base body having an accumulator space for high-pressure fuel extending in the longitudinal direction of the base body, communicating with multiple connecting bores. A relief space connected to a low-pressure connection is provided in the base body, with a drain channel from the accumulator space opening into it. A pressure regulating valve is installed in the base body for opening and closing the drain channel.

Abstract: A fuel injection system having a prefeed pump, through which fuel from a fuel supply container is pumped to a high-pressure pump, and by means of the high-pressure pump, fuel is pumped into a reservoir. Communicating with the reservoir is at least one injector, through which fuel is injected to the engine. A fuel filter is disposed between the prefeed pump and the high-pressure pump. A return line for uninjected fuel leads back from at least one injector into a region upstream of the high-pressure pump. A valve is provided, by which the return line, in a first switching position, at a low fuel temperature, leads to upstream of the fuel filter, between it and the prefeed pump, and by which the return line, in a second switching position, at a high fuel temperature, leads to downstream of the fuel filter, between it and the high-pressure pump.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve having a valve body, in which a bore with a pistonlike valve member disposed in it is embodied, which valve member is longitudinally displaceably in the bore counter to a closing force and by its longitudinal motion controls at least one injection opening, through which fuel can be injected into the combustion chamber of the engine. A valve holding body is braced axially against the valve body. An inlet conduit, which carries fuel at high pressure, extends through the valve holding body and its contact face, embodied as a high-pressure sealing face, on the valve body as far as the injection openings. The bracing of the valve holding body against the valve body is effected by means of a lock nut, which grips the valve body and with a female thread engages a male thread embodied on the valve holding body.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for internal combustion engines has a fuel pump that can be driven both by an electric drive and by the engine. The result is good starting performance of the engine and low demand for driving power on the part of the fuel pump during operation of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection device (10) for internal combustion engines, in particular a common rail injector, includes a housing (12). A high-pressure fuel connection is also provided, as is a fuel return connection (16). The latter includes a plug part (20) for connection to a fuel return line. To make the fuel injection device (10) easier to assemble, it is proposed that the fuel return connection (16) includes a socket part (18), which is secured in fuelproof fashion in a fuel return opening (20) in the housing (12) and onto which the plug part (20) is placed in fuelproof fashion.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines, in particular Diesel engines, having a fuel reservoir which is supplied from a high-pressure pump and supplies fuel to a number of injectors corresponding to the number of cylinders of the engine, and has a pressure limiting valve, which is connected sealingly to the fuel reservoir, the pressure limiting valve having a valve housing, a high-pressure region, a low-pressure region, a valve seat oriented toward the inlet, an axially displaceable valve body, and a valve spring urging the valve body in the direction of the valve seat. The pressure limiting valve is integrated—at least partially—with the fuel reservoir, in such a way that at least the valve seat and the valve body are spatially associated with the fuel reservoir, and the seal sealing off the pressure limiting valve from the fuel reservoir is associated with the low-pressure region of the pressure limiting valve.