Abstract: A computer-implemented method of organizing, storing and representing human resource information and organizational responsibilities of an enterprise having a plurality of organizations in a hierarchy may include steps of defining a top node of the hierarchy, defining a top node responsibility that is responsible for the enterprise as a whole and storing the top node responsibility in memory; defining at least one responsibility for each organization and storing the defined responsibilities; establishing a hierarchical position for each defined responsibility within the hierarchy, such that each defined responsibility except the top node responsibility reports to another defined responsibility of higher rank within the hierarchy and storing the established hierarchical positions; assigning an operational manager to each defined responsibility and storing each assigned operational manager, each operational manager reporting to at least one other operational manager such that at least one operational manager is

Abstract: A consistent set of data is supplied to a software application from databases. When a particular set of data is identified, a first process is requested to obtain a snapshot time from a database server associated with the first database. The snapshot time causes all subsequent reads of the first database by the first process to return data that reflects a database state associated with the snapshot time. A first set of data in the first database is locked in order to produce a copy of data from a first database. After locking the first set of data, a plurality of processes are requested to obtain snapshot times from a database server associated with the first database. The snapshot times cause all subsequent reads of the first database by the plurality of processes to return data from the first database as of the snapshot times.

Abstract: A consistent set of data is supplied to a software application from databases. When a particular set of data is identified, a first process is requested to obtain a snapshot time from a database server associated with the first database. The snapshot time causes all subsequent reads of the first database by the first process to return data that reflects a database state associated with the snapshot time. A first set of data in the first database is locked in order to produce a copy of data from a first database. After locking the first set of data, a plurality of processes are requested to obtain snapshot times from a database server associated with the first database. The snapshot time caused all subsequent reads of the first database by the plurality of processes to return data from the first database as of the snapshot times.