Abstract: The present invention relates to a scanning apparatus for a laser printer. More particularly, the present invention relates to a scanning apparatus, which is formed to allow a light modulator to be non-perpendicular to the shaft of a photosensitive drum, which is a scanning object, thus performing scanning at a higher resolution and speed within the allowable limits of other devices. The scanning apparatus of the present invention includes an optical means, a rotating mirror, a conversion means, and a drum-shaped scanning object.

Abstract: A method and system for adjusting a gray-scale level of an LCD device. The method includes: checking a default gray-scale value A; comparing default brightness value YA with a target brightness value YX; inputting a trial gray-scale value B; and outputting a target gray-scale value X. The method employs a preselected Similarity of Triangles technique. The system employs a image-capturing unit determining screen brightness and a control unit using a preselected Similarity of Triangles technique to adjust the gray-scale level of a connected display device, reducing a single-screen-capture gray-scale level adjustment interval to about 1.8 to 2.1 seconds.

Abstract: A color display device is disclosed. The color display device includes an illumination lens system, a diffractive light modulation system, a combining system, a Fourier filter system, and a projection system. The illumination lens system converts a plurality of light beams into linear parallel light beams. The diffractive light modulation system produces a plurality of diffracted light beams having a plurality of diffraction orders by modulating each of the plurality of parallel light beams that are almost perpendicularly incident from the illumination lens system, The combining system focuses the plurality of diffracted light beams having the plurality of diffraction orders. The Fourier filter system selects diffracted light beams having desired diffraction orders using a dichroic filter. The projection system focuses the diffracted light beams on an object, and allowing the focused diffracted light beams to scan the object.

Abstract: A capacitor for a semiconductor memory device and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. A lower electrode of a capacitor according to the present invention has a structure in which a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer are sequentially deposited and an HSG is selectively formed on the surface thereof. The first conductive layer is composed of an amorphous or a polycrystalline silicon film having a low concentration of impurities. The second conductive layer is composed of an amorphous silicon film having a high concentration of impurities. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a desirable Cmin/Cmax ratio in the lower electrode of the capacitor having an HSG silicon layer and to prevent diffusion of impurities from the lower electrode of the capacitor.

Abstract: A method for efficiently removing by-products produced in dry-etching a fabricated structure of a semiconductor device, particularly, a polycide structure. The method includes the steps of sequentially forming a polysilicon layer and a refractory metal silicide layer to overlie previously fabricated structures on a semiconductor substrate, dry-etching the polysilicon layer and the refractory metal silicide layer to form a patterned polysilicon layer and a patterned refractory metal silicide layer, and thermal treating the resultant structure to remove at least one kind of by-product produced in the dry-etching step at a temperature higher than the boiling point of any by-product.