Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a redistribution substrate having a first side and an opposite second side. A plurality of redistribution patterns are in the redistribution substrate, and a semiconductor chip is on the first side of the redistribution substrate. A plurality of metal pillars are positioned around and spaced apart from a periphery of the semiconductor chip and are connected to the redistribution patterns. A plurality of solder balls are on the second side of the redistribution substrate. Each of the metal pillars includes a third side facing the first side of the redistribution substrate, and an opposite fourth side. The fourth side has a square or octagonal shape in plan view.

Abstract: A zipper knob formed with a silicon label surrounding an outside thereof to display its origin and improve touch and appearance, includes a main body for zipping or unzipping, an inner decoration element surrounding the main body, an outer decoration element formed of transparent or semi-transparent silicon material for surrounding the inner decoration element, wherein the outer decoration element is in different color from the inner decoration element, and a trademark display part formed to a surface of the outer decoration element.

Abstract: Disclosed is a synthetic fiber, including hollow sphere-shaped particles each formed of any one selected from among an inorganic material, an organic material, or combinations thereof, which is advantageous in terms of a low specific gravity, thereby effectively solving conventional wearing problems.

Abstract: A higher order mode generator is for converting the 0th order fundamental guiding mode into higher modes higher than the 0th order in a waveguide. The waveguide is made from thermo-optic materials in which the refractive index is changed according to the applied electrical power. The waveguide has at least two guiding modes and a straight heater or a linear electrode to invoke refractive index perturbation due to temperature or electric field, respectively while is laid across the waveguide at a certain tilt angle &agr; with respect to the waveguide. When there is no external electric power applied to the heater, the 0th order single mode light of the waveguide will be propagated through the waveguide without any conversion into higher order modes. When electric current flows through the heater, however, the refractive index of the waveguide beneath the heater either gets lower (polymer) or higher (silica). Therefore, part of the light propagating beneath the heater is reflected at the heater.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermo-optic (TO) switch that reduces the difficulty in the fabrication process and has an excellent optical crosstalk. In the TO switch, variable optical attenuators utilizing higher-order mode generators are integrated to the both output ports of a conventional 1×2 digital TO switch of Y-branch type waveguide which uses mode evolution effect. Even when the Y-branch angle gets bigger, the inventive TO switch can maintain an excellent crosstalk without raising the switching power. Since a large Y-branch angle can reduce the difficulty in fabrication process, the inventive TO switch will increase the production rate. 1×2 optical switch is an essential device in an optical signal processing system such as optical communications, optical switches and optical sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermo-optic (TO) switch that reduces the difficulty in the fabrication process and has an excellent optical crosstalk. In the TO switch, variable optical attenuators utilizing higher-order mode generators are integrated to the both output ports of a conventional 1×2 digital TO switch of Y-branch type waveguide which uses mode evolution effect. Even when the Y-branch angle gets bigger, the inventive TO switch can maintain an excellent crosstalk without raising the switching power. Since a large Y-branch angle can reduce the difficulty in fabrication process, the inventive TO switch will increase the production rate. 1×2 optical switch is an essential device in an optical signal processing system such as optical communications, optical switches and optical sensors.