Abstract: A step of extracting components of one or more frequency bands from a first section of an EEG; a step of calculating a first index for each of the components of one or more frequency bands, wherein the first index is calculated based on a degree to which a magnitude of each of the components of one or more frequency bands with respect to a magnitude of a predetermined reference component in the first section exceeds a predetermined threshold value; a step of calculating a probability value for each of one or more patient statuses from the first index for each of the components of one or more frequency bands using a trained artificial neural network; and a step of determining the consciousness level of the patient based on the probability value for each of the one or more calculated patient statuses.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an acupoint stimulation device and an acupoint stimulation method using the same. The acupoint stimulation device includes: a power supply unit configured to supply power; a controller configured to generate an electrical stimulus signal applied to a skin of the subject; and an electrical stimulation unit including two or more electrodes configured to receive power from the power supply unit and to supply the stimulus signal to the acupoint area, wherein the electrodes are arranged in a state of being electrically insulated from each other and are in electrical contact with the skin of the subject. Thereby, it is possible to provide an appropriate amount of stimulation required for treatment and symptom relief by providing stimulation to an accurate acupoint position.

Abstract: A step of extracting components of one or more frequency bands from a first section of an EEG; a step of calculating a first index for each of the components of one or more frequency bands, wherein the first index is calculated based on a degree to which a magnitude of each of the components of one or more frequency bands with respect to a magnitude of a predetermined reference component in the first section exceeds a predetermined threshold value; a step of calculating a probability value for each of one or more patient statuses from the first index for each of the components of one or more frequency bands using a trained artificial neural network; and a step of determining the consciousness level of the patient based on the probability value for each of the one or more calculated patient statuses.

Abstract: Provided is an integrated depth-of-anesthesia/cerebral-oxygen-saturation detection sensor. Particularly, the depth-of-anesthesia/cerebral-oxygen-saturation detection sensor includes a strap and a sensing unit that is arranged on the strap, and sensing unit includes a depth-of-anesthesia sensor and a cerebral oxygen saturation sensor that are arranged on the same plane. Therefore, it is possible to simultaneously measure a depth of anesthesia and cerebral oxygen saturation with a single detection sensor, so that it is possible to reduce cost.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a more accurate method for measuring anesthetic depth compared to existing methods for measuring anesthetic depth by using a cepstrum technique, thereby providing an anesthetic depth at an appropriate time even during sudden changes in anesthetic states.

Abstract: The present invention rapidly reacts to changes in the degree of anesthesia to provide an accurate and timely anesthetic depth measurement result, and a method for measuring anesthetic depth comprises the steps of: an epoch dividing portion generating an epoch signal by dividing a EEG signal into a plurality of numbers based on time units, a coefficient portion extracting a CAI calculation value (CAI) by calculating the number of points in an epoch having a value higher than an established critical value, a Shannon entropy calculating portion extracting a Shannon entropy calculation value (ShEn) by conducting a Shannon entropy-calculation from the EEG signal, and a spectra entropy calculating portion extracting a spectra entropy value (SpEn) by conducting a spectra entropy calculation; an improved Shannon entropy extracting portion extracting an improved Shannon entropy calculation value (MshEn) by multiplying the Shannon entropy calculation value (ShEn) and the spectra entropy calculation value (SpEn); and a

Abstract: Provided is a self-adjustable universal ratchet spanner enabling simple and continuous tightening or releasing of various sizes of hex head bolts or nuts by repeatedly pivoting the ratchet spanner in a state in which a spanner head is engaged with hex heads of the bolts or nuts, without separation of the spanner head from the heads of the bolts or nuts. The self-adjustable universal ratchet spanner includes a spanner head having a lower jaw integrally formed with the spanner head, and an upper jaw disposed at a rear part of the spanner head and resiliently supported by a spring, wherein the upper and lower jaws are engaged with hex head bolts or nuts so that the upper jaw resiliently supported by the spring moves forward and backward depending on variable diameter between flat surfaces of the hex head bolts and vertexes upon rotation thereof to tighten or release the hex head bolts or nuts, thereby performing a ratchet function of the spanner.

Abstract: Provided is a self-adjustable universal spanner employing a variable jaw sizing feature including: a spanner head having an upper slide groove and a lower groove for inserting a bolt therebetween; a ratcheting size-adjustment member slidable along the upper groove to fasten and unfasten the bolt; and a jaw sizing member movable in the lower groove in a stepped manner to vary a width between the ratcheting size-adjustment member and the jaw sizing member so that the spanner can fasten and unfasten various sizes of bolts. In addition, a pair of bolt holding members may be installed between the upper and lower grooves. Therefore, the present invention is capable of fastening or unfastening more sizes of bolts than that of a single spanner head. In addition, it is possible to fasten bolts and nuts using a user's one hand by employing a bolt holding member.

Abstract: Provided is a self-adjustable universal spanner employing a variable jaw sizing feature including: a spanner head having an upper slide groove and a lower groove for inserting a bolt therebetween; a ratcheting size-adjustment member slidable along the upper groove to fasten and unfasten the bolt; and a jaw sizing member movable in the lower groove in a stepped manner to vary a width between the ratcheting size-adjustment member and the jaw sizing member so that the spanner can fasten and unfasten various sizes of bolts. In addition, a pair of bolt holding members may be installed between the upper and lower grooves. Therefore, the present invention is capable of fastening or unfastening more sizes of bolts than that of a single spanner head. In addition, it is possible to fasten bolts and nuts using a user's one hand by employing a bolt holding member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-adjustable universal spanner comprising: a spanner head member having a jaw for seating a bolt head and a feed groove. The jaw includes a flat contact surface which is in surface contact with the flat surface of the bolt head in the front lower of the jaw, and includes an escape curved surface and a slope surface for vertex contact in the rear of the flat contact surface. The feed groove includes a spring insert groove with a pin escape groove being installed in the rear thereof and a guide groove for deviation prevention with an escape slope contact surface, a slope surface for slip prevention, a guide protrusion and a elastic support pin. The slope contact surface is formed in the top of the member, and the contact surface for slip prevention is formed in the rear bottom of the flat contact surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-adjustable universal spanner comprising: a spanner head member having a jaw means for seating a bolt head and a feed groove means, wherein the jaw means includes the flat contact surface which is in surface contact with the flat surface of the bolt head in the front lower of the jaw means, and includes an escape curved surface and a slope surface for vertex contact in the rear of the flat contact surface, wherein the feed groove means includes a spring insert groove with a pin escape groove being installed in the rear thereof and includes a guide groove for deviation prevention with a escape slope surface being installed in the tip thereof; a brake piece member having a slope contact surface, a slope surface for slip prevention, a guide protrusion and a elastic support pin, wherein the slope contact surface is formed in the tip of the member, and the contact surface for slip prevention is formed in the rear bottom of the flat contact surface, and the guide protrusion ha

Abstract: A method for aligning quantum dots effectively controls a growth position of the quantum dots for obviating an irregularity of a position of spontaneous formation quantum dots, and thus aligns the quantum dots in one-dimension (1-D) or two-dimension (2-D). A semiconductor device fabricated using the method manufactures a superlattice layer layer for adjusting an internal strain distribution by alternately depositing two semiconductor materials having different lattice constant, and grows spontaneous formation quantum dots on the superlattice layer. As a result, a strained force caused by the superlattice layer influences on the quantum dots so that the quantum dots can be regularly aligned.

Abstract: A method for aligning quantum dots effectively controls a growth position of the quantum dots for obviating an irregularity of a position of spontaneous formation quantum dots, and thus aligns the quantum dots in one-dimension (1-D) or two-dimension (2-D). A semiconductor device fabricated using the method manufactures a superlattice layer layer for adjusting an internal strain distribution by alternately depositing two semiconductor materials having different lattice constant, and grows spontaneous formation quantum dots on the superlattice layer. As a result, a strained force caused by the superlattice layer influences on the quantum dots so that the quantum dots can be regularly aligned.

Abstract: A wrench includes a handle portion and a head portion coextensively connected with the handle portion. The head portion of the wrench has opposing flat surface faces and first and second jaw portions defining a substantially arcuate crescent interior of the wrench head. A slot is formed in the first jaw portion, the slot having a hole formed at a base end thereof through the head portion for access from an external peripheral surface of the head portion. A block member is slidably received within the slot, the block member including a base end and an exposed end, the exposed end protruding into the open crescent area, and a threaded hole formed in the base of the block member.

Abstract: An adjustable head structure for wrenches is disclosed. The head structure has a head unit integrally formed with or separately formed from a wrench handle. The head unit is commonly used for tightening or loosening nuts and bolts having different sizes by detachably fitting a size adjusting block in one of fitting edges of a size adjusting opening eccentrically formed in the head unit. The head unit has a polygonal depression having side walls. The size adjusting opening having a plurality of fitting edges is eccentrically formed on the bottom of the depression such that the distances from the fitting edges to associated side walls of the depression are different from each other. A size adjusting block is selectively and detachably fitted in one of the fitting edges of the opening, thereby adjusting a grip size of the head unit.

Abstract: An adjustable wrench having at least one size-adjusting block on its head is disclosed. The adjusting block includes an eccentric fitting member that is, an eccentric fitting column or an eccentric fitting hole. The eccentric fitting means is eccentrically provided on the block such that the horizontal distances between the fitting member and the side surfaces of the block are different from each other. With the eccentric fitting member of the size-adjusting block, the grip size of the wrench head is easily adjusted by simply changing the fitting direction of the block relative to the head. The wrench head of this wrench may be integrally formed with the wrench handle or separately formed from the wrench handle.

Abstract: A socket for a socket wrench comprising a socket body having a socket cavity formed at a lower portion of the socket body to extend vertically and a through hole, a pair of facing half sockets with different sizes fitted in the socket cavity to slide vertically, and an adjusting mechanism provided at an upper portion of the socket body and adapted to selectively adjust the vertical slide movements of the half sockets.