Abstract: Provided are an electrode assembly, a battery, and a battery pack and vehicle including the same. An electrode assembly, in which a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween are wound about an axis to define a core and an outer circumferential surface. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode includes, at a long side end portion, an uncoated portion exposed beyond the separator in a direction of the axis. At least a part of the uncoated portion is bent in a radial direction of the electrode assembly to define a bent surface region having overlapping layers of the uncoated portion. The bent surface region includes a welding target region having a number of the overlapping layers of the uncoated portion, and the welding target region extends along a radial direction of the electrode assembly.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vacuum processing apparatus having a means for preventing counter-pressure between adjacent chambers, which comprises a process chamber, a transfer chamber, and a load lock chamber, comprising: a cassette chamber installed between the chambers, having slits formed at both opposite side surfaces to serve as a passage of a substrate; a vent detection part configured to detect a vent process in which a vent gas is injected into each chamber; a cassette chamber constant pressure inducing part comprising first and second bypass lines configured to connect each chamber and the cassette chamber and first and second intermittent valves respectively installed at the first and second bypass lines to control a gas flow through each bypass line; and a control part configured to determine whether the vent process or a vacuum process is performed in each chamber through a signal detected from the vent detection part.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vacuum processing apparatus having a means for preventing counter-pressure between adjacent chambers, which comprises a process chamber, a transfer chamber, and a load lock chamber, comprising: a cassette chamber installed between the chambers, having slits formed at both opposite side surfaces to serve as a passage of a substrate; a vent detection part configured to detect a vent process in which a vent gas is injected into each chamber; a cassette chamber constant pressure inducing part comprising first and second bypass lines configured to connect each chamber and the cassette chamber and first and second intermittent valves respectively installed at the first and second bypass lines to control a gas flow through each bypass line; and a control part configured to determine whether the vent process or a vacuum process is performed in each chamber through a signal detected from the vent detection part.