Abstract: A system and method are used to accelerate settling or steady state of an amplifier in an amplifier system. This is used to ensure the amplifier reaches steady-state within a specified time period from stand-by or another state without using more current than is needed for steady-state. A comparator in a common-mode feedback system compares a desired amplifier output signal to one or more nodes of the amplifier. A result of the comparison is compared to a threshold value using a comparator in a settling acceleration system. If the result crosses the threshold, a controller turns on a driver in the settling acceleration system. The driver pulls on one or more nodes of the amplifier, which, along with a driver in the amplifier system pulling on the node, quickly brings the amplifier to settling or steady state.

Abstract: A low jitter, high phase resolution phase lock loop incorporating a ring oscillator-type VCO is designed and constructed to operate at a characteristic frequency M times higher than a required output clock frequency. Multi-phase output signals are taken from the VCO and selected through a Gray code MUX, prior to being divided down to the output clock frequency by a divide-by-M frequency divider circuit. Operating the VCO at frequencies in excess of the output clock frequency, allows jitter to be averaged across a timing cycle M and further allows a reduction in the number of output phase taps, by a scale factor M, without reducing the phase resolution or granularity of the output signal.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a field emission display including: a monitoring emitter applied to a constant voltage wherein the monitoring emitter is installed at an outer portion of an active area of a cathode plate; and a current measuring electrode applied to a constant voltage to measure the current flowing to the monitoring emitter wherein the current measuring electrode is disposed at an outer portion of an active area of an anode plate. In addition, a method for measuring a vacuum degree of a field emission display, includes the steps of: measuring current variations of a monitoring emitter by electron emission of a display emitter, when the vacuum degree is changed by gas molecules outgassed from a panel of the FED; and monitoring variations of the vacuum degree in the panel of the FED according to the variations of the measured anode current.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a field emission display including: a monitoring emitter applied to a constant voltage wherein the monitoring emitter is installed at an outer portion of an active area of a cathode plate; and a current measuring electrode applied to a constant voltage to measure the current flowing to the monitoring emitter wherein the current measuring electrode is disposed at an outer portion of an active area of an anode plate. In addition, a method for measuring a vacuum degree of a field emission display, includes the steps of: measuring current variations of a monitoring emitter by electron emission of a display emitter, when the vacuum degree is changed by gas molecules outgassed from a panel of the FED; and monitoring variations of the vacuum degree in the panel of the FED according to the variations of the measured anode current.

Abstract: An analysis system and method for a cleanroom environment is disclosed wherein on-line testing of water-soluble contaminants is performed by condensing water vapor from an air sample taken from the clean room. The condenser is connected to a analyzing unit that is used to measure and analyze the water-soluble contaminants in the condensed water received from the condensing unit.

Abstract: Expansion joint apparatus which can be installed at junctions between upper structures of a road and a bridge. In a state of applying the apparatus to a bridge, each wheel in a same shaft of a vehicle passes the apparatus at different time spots, that is, when any one wheel passes one of the support members, the other wheel passes the other support member. Thus, a load applied to the bridge is distributed. The apparatus is made of material having high stiffness so that it lasts a long time. By changing the number of the intermediate support members, an expansion range of the apparatus can be controlled.

Abstract: A fibrous milk protein product having a high tensile elongation (115 to 380%) and an excellent stability to hot water cooking (tolerant to treatment in hot water of 135.degree. C. for 4 minutes) which is produced by forming the starting milk protein into a fibrous composition and then treating the fibrous composition in an aqueous solution containing at least one of sodium, potassium and calcium salts and also an aldehyde type crosslinking agent having a ratio of molecular weight (M) to number of aldehyde groups (n) of 120 to 360 (e.g. lactose) at a pH of 2.5 to 6.5 and at 100.degree. to 140.degree. C. for 20 minutes to 3 hours.