Abstract: There is provided a heat transfer member which is made of an aluminum alloy including silicon (Si), iron (Fe), and magnesium (Mg). The aluminum alloy further includes at least one or two or more of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), titanium (Ti), calcium (Ca), tin (Sn), phosphorus (P), chromium (Cr), zirconium (Zr), nickel (Ni), strontium (Sr), and vanadium (V).

Abstract: A fluid level measurement system using a buoyant body includes a guide part installed in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of a fluid storage tank, and provided with a space in which a fluid can move therein; a buoyant body inserted into the guide part, and configured to float along the surface of the fluid inside the guide part; and a measurement part coupled to the top end of the guide part, and configured to measure the level of the surface of the fluid inside the fluid storage tank by transmitting a signal toward the buoyant body in the inner space of the guide part and then receiving a signal reflected from the buoyant body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for improving or treating hypoparathyroidism caused by damage to parathyroid tissue and vascular tissue around the parathyroid gland due to surgery around the neck, and a method for treating post-surgical hypoparathyroidism using the same, and the composition can promote secretion of parathyroid hormone by containing a calcium-sensing receptor antagonist as an active ingredient to help the restoration of damaged parathyroid tissue through neovascularization and angiogenesis, and furthermore, can alleviate hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypercalciuria by increasing the concentration of blood parathyroid hormone to a normal range level. Administration of the composition can improve the quality of life of patients with hypoparathyroidism.

Abstract: A parallel scheduling apparatus includes an information managing unit generating a first request information for scheduling, a first scheduling unit performing first scheduling and then generating first matching information on the basis of the first request information, and a second scheduling unit performing second scheduling on the basis of the first request information and the first matching information. The parallel scheduling has an advantage of improving the scheduling performance and lowering the implementation complexity, ensuring low delay and transmission fairness among VOQs at low input traffic, being applied to all scheduling algorithms that perform existing multi-iterations, and providing efficient scheduling in a packet switch having a long RTT time or having a very short time slot or cell size, such as an optical switch.

Abstract: A parallel scheduling apparatus includes an information managing unit generating a first request information for scheduling, a first scheduling unit performing first scheduling and then generating first matching information on the basis of the first request information, and a second scheduling unit performing second scheduling on the basis of the first request information and the first matching information. The parallel scheduling has an advantage of improving the scheduling performance and lowering the implementation complexity, ensuring low delay and transmission fairness among VOQs at low input traffic, being applied to all scheduling algorithms that perform existing multi-iterations, and providing efficient scheduling in a packet switch having a long RTT time or having a very short time slot or cell size, such as an optical switch.

Abstract: A Mode Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Network (MDM-PON) apparatus includes: a non-mode selective multiplexer which includes a first end where three or more single-mode optical fibers are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and a second end where cores of the three or more single-mode optical fibers are tapered such that a gap between the three or more single-mode optical fibers is narrower than the predetermined distance while the three or more single-mode optical fibers are spaced apart from each other by an equal distance; an optical line terminal (OLT) which is connected to the second end through a few-mode fiber, and transmits a downstream optical signal; and three or more optical network units (ONUs) which is connected to the first end through the three or more single-mode optical fibers, and transmits upstream optical signals.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating a photonic frame from input packet data based on a wavelength, a space and a time and for transmitting an optical signal based on a structure of the photonic frame. The apparatus includes a classifier configured to classify input packet signals based on destination information of the packet signals, and a processor configured to generate a first frame by converting each of the classified packet signals to a photonic frame based on at least one of wavelength information and port information available for each of the packet signals.

Abstract: A Mode Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Network (MDM-PON) apparatus includes: a non-mode selective multiplexer which includes a first end where three or more single-mode optical fibers are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and a second end where cores of the three or more single-mode optical fibers are tapered such that a gap between the three or more single-mode optical fibers is narrower than the predetermined distance while the three or more single-mode optical fibers are spaced apart from each other by an equal distance; an optical line terminal (OLT) which is connected to the second end through a few-mode fiber, and transmits a downstream optical signal; and three or more optical network units (ONUs) which is connected to the first end through the three or more single-mode optical fibers, and transmits upstream optical signals.

Abstract: Disclosed are a supporting substrate for manufacturing a flexible information display device capable of easily separating the flexible information display device from the supporting substrate without deforming or damaging the flexible information display device, a manufacturing method thereof, and a flexible information display device manufactured thereby. The supporting substrate for manufacturing a flexible information display device includes: a coating layer formed therein with a plurality micro-protrusions formed on the supporting substrate; and a temporary bonding/debonding layer formed on the coating layer and including an adhesive material mechanically interlocked with and bonded to the supporting substrate through Van der Waals bonding force.

Abstract: Disclosed are a supporting substrate for manufacturing a flexible information display device using a temporary bonding/debonding layer, a manufacturing method thereof, and a flexible information display device. A supporting substrate for manufacturing a flexible information display device, the supporting substrate comprising: a temporary bonding/debonding layer having a thickness in a range of 0.1 nm to 1000 nm and comprising an adhesive material bonded to the supporting substrate through Van der Waals bonding force. Provided is a method capable of economically manufacturing the display device having a high resolution while reviewing a cost competitive force by reducing a device investment cost and improving the yield rate in the flexible flat panel information display device.

Abstract: A directly modulated multi-level optical signal generator and a method thereof are provided. The multi-level optical signal generator includes N number of direct modulation lasers (DMLs) configured to directly modulate source light into a 2-level optical signal, and an optical power combiner configured to combine N number of 2-level optical signals directly modulated by the respective DMLs to generate a 2N-level optical signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a multicarrier light source generator are provided. The apparatus includes N-light source input units configured to input light sources to a multicarrier light source generator that generates multicarrier light sources at a frequency interval of F [Hz], and a control unit configured to adjust the frequency interval of the multicarrier light sources generated from the multicarrier light source generator, by adjusting a frequency interval between the light sources input from the N-light source input unit as F/N [Hz].

Abstract: An OFDM receiver for compensating for I/Q imbalance is provided. The OFDM receiver includes an I/Q demodulator demodulating a received signal into a baseband in-phase (I) channel signal and a baseband quadrature (Q) channel signal, and an I/Q imbalance compensator compensating for imbalance between the I-channel signal and the Q-channel signal in a time domain. Accordingly, it is possible to solve the I/Q imbalance and suppress degradation in the performance of the OFDM communication device.

Abstract: An apparatus for receiving optical signals in DQPSK and method of controlling a phase offset in receiving optical signals for DQPSK is provided. An original optical signal modulated in DQPSK is received. The original optical signal is delayed by one bit to make a delay optical signal such that an interference on the original optical signal and the delay optical signal is performed. A control signal is generated by use of an interference result between the original optical signal and the delay optical signal. A phase offset for the interference between the original optical signal and the delay optical signal is controlled by use of the generated control signal. In receiving optical signals, the phase offset between the delay optical signal and the original optical signal is precisely controlled, thereby optimizing the transfer characteristics of an optical delay interferometer.

Abstract: An apparatus for receiving optical signals in DQPSK and method of controlling a phase offset in receiving optical signals for DQPSK is provided. An original optical signal modulated in DQPSK is received. The original optical signal is delayed by one bit to make a delay optical signal such that an interference on the original optical signal and the delay optical signal is performed. A control signal is generated by use of an interference result between the original optical signal and the delay optical signal. A phase offset for the interference between the original optical signal and the delay optical signal is controlled by use of the generated control signal. In receiving optical signals, the phase offset between the delay optical signal and the original optical signal is precisely controlled, thereby optimizing the transfer characteristics of an optical delay interferometer.

Abstract: Provided are methods of transmitting and receiving a multicast or broadcast frame in an optical line terminal (OLT) and an optical network unit (ONU) for a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-passive optical network (PON), a WDM-PON system, and an OLT for a WDM-PON. The method of transmitting a multicast or broadcast frame in an OLT for a WDM-PON includes converting and splitting a multicast or broadcast frame input using a single wavelength into a plurality of wavelengths, combining the split wavelengths, and outputting the multicast or broadcast frame. In this way, a multicast or broadcast frame can be transmitted and received, thereby providing a single copy broadcast (SCB) function in a WDM-PON.

Abstract: Provided is an optical network in which a wavelength division multiplexing-based optical transmission scheme is implemented. An apparatus for cross-connecting an optical path includes a path switch including a plurality of input terminals receiving optical signals from other nodes, and a plurality of output terminals sending the optical signals to the other nodes, the path switch switching the path of the optical signal so that the optical signal input via one of the input terminals is output to one of the output terminals; and a wavelength converter converting a wavelength of the optical signal input via the input terminal and outputting the wavelength-converted optical signal to the output terminal according to a switching result of the path switch.

Abstract: An active alignment method for a multi-channel optical transmitter and receiver is disclosed. The active alignment method for a multi-channel optical transmitter includes actively aligning an optical signal generator with an optical multiplexer based on optical outputs of a plurality of wavelengths from the optical signal generator and an optical output of the optical multiplexer, and actively aligning the optical multiplexer with a fiber optic coupler based on an optical output of the optical multiplexer and an optical output of the fiber optic coupler.

Abstract: Disclosed are a digital equalization apparatus for a coherent optical receiver and a digital equalization method for a coherent optical receiver, capable of compensating for chromatic dispersion and polarization impairment through a digital signal processing, and capable of performing a clock recovery and a data recovery through a digital symbol synchronization. The digital equalization apparatus and the method compensate for various impairments occurring on an optical path in a digital manner and achieve synchronization through a simple structure.

Abstract: An Ethernet device having multiple lanes and a method of operating the lanes are provided. In one general aspect, it is possible to allocate a dummy block to each of one or more lanes such that the lanes do not selectively participate in communications. In addition, on a receiving side, the dummy block can be removed from among the genuine data blocks to enable data to be decoded. In this case, an Ethernet device on a transmission side and an Ethernet device on a receiving side can exchange information of a lane to which the dummy block is allocated by use of a lane status message, and the lane status message may be based on a link fault message specified by Ethernet standards.