Abstract: A heat-radiating pattern and a heat-radiating pattern includes metal layers such as Au (gold) and Ag (silver). Metal layers with certain dimensions can absorb light in the visible/near IR (infrared) range and emit light in IR range as heat. The metal layers can be formed into a desired pattern and surroundings of the metal layers can be heated up locally and thereby form a portion of the heat-radiating pattern. Locally heated portions on a substrate by the heat-radiating pattern can transform a heat reactive polymer layer and perform as a local heater.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of processing a polycrystalline nanoparticle. The method includes exposing a polycrystalline nanoparticle that includes at least two metal oxide crystallites bonded to each other to a chemical composition that includes a catalyst in order to at least partially separate the at least two metal oxide crystallites of the polycrystalline nanoparticle at an interface thereof.

Abstract: Systems and methods of forming an electrode on a substrate are disclosed. The methods can include applying a solution including metal ions and metal nanomaterials to a surface of a substrate. The methods further can include exposing a selected portion of the solution with light having a wavelength capable of inducing reduction of the metal ions, wherein the selected portion corresponds to at least a portion of the electrode.

Abstract: Heterodimeric photocatalytic systems and methods of making and using the same are disclosed. The systems can include a first nanomaterial comprising titanium dioxide (TiO2) having a first bandgap energy characterized by a first highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and a first lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). The systems can further include a second nanomaterial comprising semiconducting metal oxide and/or metal sulfide (MOX/MSX) having a second bandgap characterized by a second HOMO and a second LUMO, wherein the second bandgap energy is in the range of energies for a visible light spectrum, and the second LUMO is higher than the first LUMO.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to devices promoting cell adhesion and methods of making thereof In some embodiments, one or more insoluble or non-degradable second surface components are positioned over one or more soluble or degradable first surface components over a surface. The first surface components can be degraded or dissolved to produce bumps or raised portions formed from the second surface components on the surface.

Abstract: A method of making a porous membrane is disclosed. One such method optionally includes: forming a plurality of pillars in an array form over a substrate; and forming a layer with a mixture of a porous material precursor and a surfactant over the substrate. The method optionally includes removing the pillars to leave cavities in the layer; filling the cavities in the layer with a cavity filler; and removing the surfactant from the layer. The porous membrane can be used as, for example, a sieve for separating molecules from a chemical reaction.