Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an eavesdropper detection apparatus and an operating method thereof, capable of effectively detecting an eavesdropper existing between a transmitter and a receiver in bit transmission by a quantum key distribution scheme.

Abstract: Provided is a quantum error correction code generating method using a graph state. According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a quantum error correction code generating method using a graph state: includes: generating a graph state representing an adjacency relationship between a plurality of qubits including at least one entangled qubit (ebit); generating a first stabilizer generator which corresponds to the graph state and is configured by a plurality of stabilizers for detecting errors of the plurality of qubits; and generating at least one logical Z operator used for a phase flip operation of a codeword, at least one logical X operator used for a bit flip operation of a codeword, and a second stabilizer generator which is a sub set of the first stabilizer generator, based on the first stabilizer generator and the at least one entangled qubit.

Abstract: Provided is a quantum error correction code generating method using a graph state. According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a quantum error correction code generating method using a graph state: includes: generating a graph state representing an adjacency relationship between a plurality of qubits including at least one entangled qubit (ebit); generating a first stabilizer generator which corresponds to the graph state and is configured by a plurality of stabilizers for detecting errors of the plurality of qubits; and generating at least one logical Z operator used for a phase flip operation of a codeword, at least one logical X operator used for a bit flip operation of a codeword, and a second stabilizer generator which is a sub set of the first stabilizer generator, based on the first stabilizer generator and the at least one entangled qubit.

Abstract: A battery pack having improved heat dissipation characteristics. A battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules, each including a plurality of battery cells aligned in a direction, and a plurality of barriers, each being between a respective pair of adjacent battery cells of the plurality of battery cells and including a connection portion protruded to the outside of the adjacent battery cells. The battery pack further includes a heat dissipation member connected to connection portions of the plurality of connection portions, and a heat conducting member connected to the heat dissipation member.

Abstract: A battery pack for a vehicle, the battery pack including a sealed inner case accommodating a battery module; an open external case surrounding the inner case, the open external case including a first opening part having an open side and a second opening part having another open side; and an air flow channel between an external surface of the inner case and an inner surface of the external case, the air flow channel connecting the first opening part and the second opening part.

Abstract: A battery assembly has a structure that can effectively cool batteries. A battery assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a housing, a first battery pack in the housing, and a second battery pack in the housing, the second battery pack being spaced from the first battery pack with a first flow path therebetween, wherein a second flow path is between the battery packs and an inner surface of the housing.

Abstract: A battery module including a battery array including: a plurality of battery cells, each including a first surface at a first end of the battery cell; an electrode terminal at the first end; a second surface at a second end of the battery cell opposite the first end; and a side surface extending between the first and second ends, the second surfaces of first and second battery cells of the plurality of battery cells facing each other.

Abstract: A battery pack includes at least one battery module having a plurality of battery cells that are aligned in the same direction, a heat dissipation member disposed in alignment with the battery module, and a heat conducting member connected to the heat dissipation member. The heat dissipation member has a plurality of heat dissipation fins and a heat dissipation pipe. The heat dissipation pipe is connected with the plurality of heat dissipation fins.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and a heat exchanging member adjoining the plurality of battery cells in heat exchanging relationship therewith. The heat exchanging member includes a plurality of tubes arranged therein, and each tube defines a plurality of heat exchanging medium flow passageways therein.

Abstract: A battery pack including at least one battery module having a plurality of battery cells aligned in one direction; a heat conductive member in contact with bottom surfaces of the battery cells, the heat conductive member including porous plates, and guide members spaced apart from the porous plates in an interior of the heat conductive member, the guide members defining flow paths for directing coolant between the porous plates; and a housing accommodating the at least one battery module and the heat conductive member.

Abstract: A battery pack includes first and second battery cells, a first duct, the first duct having an inlet at a first end and an inclined surface at a second end opposite the first end, and a main body, the main body being connected to the first duct and encompassing the first and second battery cells. The inclined surface may have a first edge and a second edge opposite the first edge, the first edge being adjacent to the battery cells, the inclined surface being inclined such that the second edge is closer to the inlet than the first edge is, and a gap may be between the first and second battery cells, the gap providing a passage for a heat transfer medium to flow from the first duct between the first and second battery cells.

Abstract: A battery pack including a housing for accommodating a plurality of secondary batteries; a cooling unit for cooling the secondary batteries, the cooling unit including an inlet through which a cooling fluid flows in and an outlet through which the cooling fluid flows out; and a terminal unit detachably connectable to the cooling unit, the terminal unit including a first terminal for circulating the cooling fluid.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a secondary battery, an outer case receiving the secondary battery, and a cooling unit disposed at a predetermined position of the outer case, wherein the cooling unit includes a first heatsink disposed toward the inside of the outer case, a second heatsink disposed toward the outside of the outer case, and a thermoelectric device between the first heatsink and the second heatsink.

Abstract: A battery pack includes at least one battery cell, an evaporator disposed adjacent the at least one battery cell in thermal communication therewith, the evaporator including porous media and a collector in communication with the porous media, and a coolant storage unit in incoming and outgoing fluid communication with the evaporator.

Abstract: A charging apparatus for electrical connection with a charging supply for charging a battery module, the charging apparatus including a coolant pipe, the coolant pipe providing a passage for a cooling medium and surrounding a space for accommodating the battery module; a charging terminal for electrically connecting with the charging power supply; and a chiller connected with the coolant pipe, the chiller being configured to circulate and cool the cooling medium.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells, and a heat exchanging member adjoining the plurality of battery cells in heat exchanging relationship therewith. The heat exchanging member includes a plurality of tubes arranged therein, and each tube defines a plurality of heat exchanging medium flow passageways therein.

Abstract: A battery pack includes at least one battery module having a plurality of battery cells that are aligned in the same direction, a heat dissipation member disposed in alignment with the battery module, and a heat conducting member connected to the heat dissipation member. The heat dissipation member has a plurality of heat dissipation fins and a heat dissipation pipe. The heat dissipation pipe is connected with the plurality of heat dissipation fins.

Abstract: A battery pack having improved heat dissipation characteristics. A battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules, each including a plurality of battery cells aligned in a direction, and a plurality of barriers, each being between a respective pair of adjacent battery cells of the plurality of battery cells and including a connection portion protruded to the outside of the adjacent battery cells. The battery pack further includes a heat dissipation member connected to connection portions of the plurality of connection portions, and a heat conducting member connected to the heat dissipation member.

Abstract: A battery pack including at least one battery module having a plurality of battery cells aligned in one direction; a heat conductive member in contact with bottom surfaces of the battery cells, the heat conductive member including porous plates, and guide members spaced apart from the porous plates in an interior of the heat conductive member, the guide members defining flow paths for directing coolant between the porous plates; and a housing accommodating the at least one battery module and the heat conductive member.

Abstract: A battery module including a battery array including: a plurality of battery cells, each including a first surface at a first end of the battery cell; an electrode terminal at the first end; a second surface at a second end of the battery cell opposite the first end; and a side surface extending between the first and second ends, the second surfaces of first and second battery cells of the plurality of battery cells facing each other.