Abstract: The present invention includes systems and method for generating Virtual IDs (VIDs) and corresponding Virtual ID Chains (VICs) to anonymize and represent transactions between users, data sources, Virtual ID Management Platforms (VMP), and Third-Party Service Providers (TSPs). VIDs of embodiments are virtualized identifiers that may be used to anonymously and uniquely identify transaction participants. VIDs may be generated in a distributed manner as a party receiving transaction-related information generates a VID corresponding to the sending party. VICs of embodiments are virtualized arrays of VIDs that represent the sequence of interactions between parties to a transaction. VICs are preferably stored in association with transaction logs descriptive of the transaction represented by each VIC to facilitate subsequent processing. A VIC may be iteratively resolved to obtain one or more non-virtualized identifier corresponding to transaction participants represented by the VIC.

Abstract: The present invention includes systems and method for generating Virtual IDs (VIDs) and corresponding Virtual ID Chains (VICs) to anonymize and represent transactions between users, data sources, Virtual ID Management Platforms (VMP), and Third-Party Service Providers (TSPs). VIDs of embodiments are virtualized identifiers that may be used to anonymously and uniquely identify transaction participants. VIDs may be generated in a distributed manner as a party receiving transaction-related information generates a VID corresponding to the sending party. VICs of embodiments are virtualized arrays of VIDs that represent the sequence of interactions between parties to a transaction. VICs are preferably stored in association with transaction logs descriptive of the transaction represented by each VIC to facilitate subsequent processing. A VIC may be iteratively resolved to obtain one or more non-virtualized identifier corresponding to transaction participants represented by the VIC.

Abstract: A sole for aerated footwear having an elongate body with a lower surface, a device attached to the body, and an operating member, arranged to move away from and towards the body in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extent of the body as the sole bends to disengage and unbends to engage a floor, for operating the device. The device is attached to the body, engageable with the operating member, and is expandable from, or further away from, the lower surface of the body, upon movement of the operating member away from the body.

Abstract: An article of footwear has a shoe upper, a sole connected to the shoe upper and the sole is provided with peripheral walls which together define a cavity therein. A layer of material extends across and is connected to the walls or adjacent to the walls at a perimeter of the layer of material, the layer of material dividing the cavity into at least a first chamber and a second chamber. The layer of material and the walls on one side of the perimeter of the layer of material define the first chamber, and the layer of material and the walls on the other side of the perimeter of the layer of material define the second chamber. The sole is configured such that movement of the layer of material within the cavity causes simultaneous changing of interior volume between the chambers and thus pumping of air into or out of the chambers for air circulation of the article of footwear.

Abstract: An article of footwear has a shoe upper, a sole connected to the shoe upper and the sole is provided with peripheral walls which together define a cavity therein. A layer of material extends across and is connected to the walls or adjacent to the walls at a perimeter of the layer of material, the layer of material dividing the cavity into at least a first chamber and a second chamber. The layer of material and the walls on one side of the perimeter of the layer of material define the first chamber, and the layer of material and the walls on the other side of the perimeter of the layer of material define the second chamber. The sole is configured such that movement of the layer of material within the cavity causes simultaneous changing of interior volume between the chambers and thus pumping of air into or out of the chambers for air circulation of the article of footwear.

Abstract: A sole for footwear including a body having a length, a body portion of the body that is capable of expansion and contraction, and a drive generator located in the body for generating drive to drive a driven device in the body. The drive generator has an elongate drive member arranged to slide relative to the body portion in a direction along the length of the body, upon expansion and contraction of the body portion, for driving the driven device as the sole bends and unbends during use.

Abstract: A method of producing a sole assembly for manufacturing aerated footwear comprises: fabricating a sole component having an aperture extending from a top surface to a bottom surface, and having recessed cavity along a length of the bottom surface, the aperture connecting to the recessed cavity; attaching a material layer to the recessed cavity; attaching an actuation member to the material layer; and closing the aperture with a valve so as to control the entry of and expulsion of air from the recessed cavity.

Abstract: A sole for aerated footwear having an elongate body with a lower surface, a device attached to the body, and an operating member, arranged to move away from and towards the body in a direction transverse to the longitudinal extent of the body as the sole bends to disengage and unbends to engage a floor, for operating the device. The device is attached to the body, engageable with the operating member, and is expandable from, or further away from, the lower surface of the body, upon movement of the operating member away from the body.

Abstract: A sole for footwear including a body having a length, a body portion of the body that is capable of expansion and contraction, and a drive generator located in the body for generating drive to drive a driven device in the body. The drive generator has an elongate drive member arranged to slide relative to the body portion in a direction along the length of the body, upon expansion and contraction of the body portion, for driving the driven device as the sole bends and unbends during use.

Abstract: A method and system for long term electronic document archiving. The system collects a certificate revocation information for a certificate from a certificate authority that indicates the validity of the certificate used in an electronic document. The certificates are collected from a certificate authority. The system then generates at least two layers of signature and timestamp from the electronic document, certificate revocation information collected, and the collected certificate. Cryptographic primitives of different strength are used, and the two layers of signature and timestamp generated have different cryptographic strengths. The signature is generated using a system signing key whereas the timestamp is generated by an external entity. A digital aging token is then formed by combining the original electronic document, certificate revocation information, and certificate collected to the layers generated.

Abstract: A method and system for normalizing optical spectra using a non-uniform segment normalization. A spectrum is obtained and is represented as a function of wavelength as an amplitude at each of a plurality of wavelengths. At least one segment of the spectrum is selected, each selected segment being bounded by an upper wavelength and a lower wavelength. A normalization factor is computed as the sum of the areas for each of the selected segments. The spectrum is normalized by dividing at least one amplitude of the spectrum by the normalization factor. Segments can be selected with different wavelength ranges, that is, segments can be non-uniform. Test specimens can be categorized based on an analysis of normalized spectra. In particular, the specimen to be tested can be human cervical tissue, and the state of health of the tissue can be determined.

Abstract: A method and system for normalizing optical spectra using a non-uniform segment normalization. A spectrum is obtained and is represented as a function of wavelength as an amplitude at each of a plurality of wavelengths. At least one segment of the spectrum is selected, each selected segment being bounded by an upper wavelength and a lower wavelength. A normalization factor is computed as the sum of the areas for each of the selected segments. The spectrum is normalized by dividing at least one amplitude of the spectrum by the normalization factor. Segments can be selected with different wavelength ranges, that is, segments can be non-uniform. Test specimens can be categorized based on an analysis of normalized spectra. In particular, the specimen to be tested can be human cervical tissue, and the state of health of the tissue can be determined.

Abstract: A server-assisted computational method for computing the RSA cryptography is delineated in this document. The method enables public-key functions on the resource-constrained devices, such as a mobile phone or a PDA, by leveraging the rich computing resources provided by the server-grade computers on the network. Public-key processing, which is computationally intensive as commonly known, if loaded solely on the constrained device, would easily overwhelm the processor capacity and electrical power supply. The server-assisted method enables such device to drive a powerful server computer on the Internet to carry out the public-key number-crunching job for its sake. Some near-completion results are communicated back to the device. From that, the final public-key cryptograph is derived. Privacy and security are the utmost important considerations in public-key systems. The present invention ensures the privacy of the device by blinding the server of the secret message and the crypto keys of the device.

Abstract: A system and method for classifying specimens using a plurality of spectral data types. Spectra are recorded as amplitudes at a series of discrete wavelengths. Pluralities of reference spectra are recorded for specimens having known conditions. A spectrum of a first type is observed for a test specimen. The specimen is characterized as to a first known condition. In the event that the specimen does not exhibit the first known condition, a spectrum of a second type is observed and analyzed to determine which of a plurality of conditions is to be ascribed to the test specimen. In some embodiments, the test specimen can comprise human cervical tissue, and the known conditions can include normal health, metaplasia, CIN I and CIN II/III.

Abstract: A method and system for normalizing optical spectra using a non-uniform segment normalization. A spectrum is obtained and is represented as a function of wavelength as an amplitude at each of a plurality of wavelengths. At least one segment of the spectrum is selected, each selected segment being bounded by an upper wavelength and a lower wavelength. A normalization factor is computed as the sum of the areas for each of the selected segments. The spectrum is normalized by dividing at least one amplitude of the spectrum by the normalization factor. Segments can be selected with different wavelength ranges, that is, segments can be non-uniform. Test specimens can be categorized based on an analysis of normalized spectra. In particular, the specimen to be tested can be human cervical tissue, and the state of health of the tissue can be determined.

Abstract: A system and method for classifying tissue by application of discriminant analysis to spectral data. Spectra are recorded as amplitudes at a series of discrete wavelengths. Pluralities of reference spectra are recorded for specimens having known conditions. The reference spectra are subjected to discriminant analysis to determine wavelength regions of interest for the analysis. A plurality of amplitudes are selected for the analysis, and are plotted in an N-dimensional space. For each plurality of reference spectra corresponding to a specific known condition, a characteristic point is determined and plotted, the characteristic point representative of the known condition. A test spectrum is recorded from a test specimen, and the plurality of amplitudes corresponding in wavelength to the wavelength regions of interest are selected. A characteristic point in N-dimensional space is determined for the test spectrum.

Abstract: A system and method for classifying specimens using a plurality of spectral data types. Spectra are recorded as amplitudes at a series of discrete wavelengths. Pluralities of reference spectra are recorded for specimens having known conditions. A spectrum of a first type is observed for a test specimen. The specimen is characterized as to a first known condition. In the event that the specimen does not exhibit the first known condition, a spectrum of a second type is observed and analyzed to determine which of a plurality of conditions is to be ascribed to the test specimen. In some embodiments, the test specimen can comprise human cervical tissue, and the known conditions can include normal health, metaplasia, CIN I and CIN II/II.

Abstract: A system and method for classifying specimens using a plurality of spectral data types. Spectra are recorded as amplitudes at a series of discrete wavelengths. Pluralities of reference spectra are recorded for specimens having known conditions. A spectrum of a first type is observed for a test specimen. The specimen is characterized as to a first known condition. In the event that the specimen does not exhibit the first known condition, a spectrum of a second type is observed and analyzed to determine which of a plurality of conditions is to be ascribed to the test specimen. In some embodiments, the test specimen can comprise human cervical tissue, and the known conditions can include normal health, metaplasia, CIN I and CIN II/II.