Abstract: An apparatus for prewarming tooth paste in a tooth paste tube prior to extrusion from the tube through an outlet opening in the end of the tube includes a cap-shaped member of plastic material detachably closing the opening and enveloping the outlet end of the tooth paste tube. The cap-shaped member has an outer skirt portion extending along and surrounding portion of the side wall of the tube adjacent the outlet opening and an electrical resistance heating element is embedded in the cap-shaped member including the outer skirt thereof for warming the outlet section of the tube when the terminals of the heating element are connected to an electrical power source while the tube is closed by the cap-shaped member. A thermostat unit embedded in the cap-shaped member is connected in series with the heating element to control the temperature to which the outlet section of the tube is heated.

Abstract: A window type air conditioner having a movable shield member installed on the air conditioner outer case at the rear radiator compartment portion thereof, to either block the ventilation passageways provided at the rear portion when the air conditioner is not in use, or to admit air to the air conditioner when the air conditioner is in use. The shield member can be either slidably, pivotably or rollably moved relative to the air conditioner ventilation passageways, and can be manually or electrically actuated.

Abstract: In a hand-operated electronic calculator, a switchboard having push-button switches for digits and symbols, every two or more switches combined into V, or U, or square shaped groups either above the surface or recessed for receiving fingertips and actuated along two or more directions. Switch groups are arranged at finger locations, each group of switches being assigned to a certain finger, two or more groups to active fingers, and a group can be at a perpendicular direction to the other four fingers for thumb operating.