Abstract: A method for replicating a holographic optical element and a holographic optical element replicated thereby are provided. The holographic optical element is larger than a master. The master has a holographic grating pattern generated on the master by interference of the reflected, diffracted or transmitted beam generated by irradiating the master having a specific diffraction grating pattern formed thereon with a laser beam.

Abstract: A cylindrical secondary battery, a battery pack, and a vehicle are provided. The cylindrical secondary battery includes an electrode assembly having a first electrode tab at a first end of the electrode assembly a battery can configured to accommodate the electrode assembly through an opening portion formed at one side of the battery can, a current collecting plate including three or more tab coupling portions electrically connected to the first electrode tab, and a can coupling portion extending from ends of the tab coupling portions toward the opening portion of the battery can and having a continuous outer peripheral surface electrically connected to an inner surface of the battery can, and a top cap configured to cover the opening portion of the battery can.

Abstract: A power supply device for a vehicle window includes a carrier plate including a first electrical connection portion to transmit power, a bracket including a second electrical connection portion to which external power is connected, and a flexible connection means including a side electrically connected to the first electrical connection portion of the carrier plate and another side electrically connected to the second electrical connection portion of the bracket, in which the side of the flexible connection means is pivotally connected to the first electrical connection portion and the other side thereof is pivotally connected to the second electrical connection portion.

Abstract: An opening and closing device for a side door for a vehicle, which enables a side door of a vehicle to be automatically opened and closed with respect to a vehicle body, includes a housing fixedly provided in the side door and having a receiving space therein, a drive motor located in the receiving space of the housing and including a drive shaft, a worm gear connected to the drive shaft and rotating together with the drive shaft, a worm wheel engaged with the worm gear and rotatable by receiving a rotational force from the worm gear, a pinion gear rotating in conjunction with the worm wheel, and a rack gear having one end hinged to the vehicle body, the rack gear being engaged with the pinion gear to convert rotational motion of the pinion gear into linear motion.

Abstract: An air conditioner capable of efficiently collecting foreign substances in the air is disclosed. The air conditioner includes a cabinet, an air blower disposed in the cabinet to cause air to flow, a dust collector case forming a channel for the air caused to flow by the air blower, at least one electrode provided in the dust collector case and formed of carbon fibers to generate ions, and a charged dust collecting filter to collect foreign substances charged by ions generated by the electrode.

Abstract: A flexible tube for an exhaust pipe of an automobile is disclosed, of which the bellows member has protrusion portions, a center portion and both end portions such that the protrusion portions have a uniform outer diameter, and the center portion has a maximum depression inner diameter which is larger than a minimum depression inner diameter of the both end portions, and the outer cover member is formed of an outer net with a network structure, wherein a depression inner diameter in the center of a bellows is larger than a depression inner diameter at the both ends such that a gap from an interlocking member increases so as to prevent the interference between the bellows and the interlocking member.

Abstract: A flexible tube for an exhaust pipe of an automobile includes a bellows member having corrugations thereon; an interlocking member positioned in the bellows member with a predetermined gap from the bellows member and having a spiral groove formed thereon to absorb deformation; a braid member positioned to surround the outside portion of the bellows member and braided to be flexibly deformed with a large displacement with respect to a displacement and tension in a compression direction; cap members coupled for fixing the braid member on the outside of the both ends of the bellows member; and intermediate members formed in the shape of a ring and having one end fixed to the bellows member and the other end fixed to the interlocking member by overlapping the interlocking member inwards, wherein the bellows member has protrusion portions, a center part and both end parts.

Abstract: A flexible tube for an exhaust pipe of an automobile is disclosed, of which the bellows member has protrusion portions, a center portion and both end portions such that the protrusion portions have a uniform outer diameter, and the center portion has a maximum depression inner diameter which is larger than a minimum depression inner diameter of the both end portions, and the outer cover member is formed of an outer net with a network structure, wherein a depression inner diameter in the center of a bellows is larger than a depression inner diameter at the both ends such that a gap from an interlocking member increases so as to prevent the interference between the bellows and the interlocking member.

Abstract: An air conditioner capable of efficiently collecting foreign substances in the air is disclosed. The air conditioner includes a cabinet, an air blower disposed in the cabinet to cause air to flow, a dust collector case forming a channel for the air caused to flow by the air blower, at least one electrode provided in the dust collector case and formed of carbon fibers to generate ions, and a charged dust collecting filter to collect foreign substances charged by ions generated by the electrode.

Abstract: A flexible tube for an exhaust pipe of an automobile includes a bellows member having corrugations thereon; an interlocking member positioned in the bellows member with a predetermined gap from the bellows member and having a spiral groove formed thereon to absorb deformation; a braid member positioned to surround the outside portion of the bellows member and braided to be flexibly deformed with a large displacement with respect to a displacement and tension in a compression direction; cap members coupled for fixing the braid member on the outside of the both ends of the bellows member; and intermediate members formed in the shape of a ring and having one end fixed to the bellows member and the other end fixed to the interlocking member by overlapping the interlocking member inwards, wherein the bellows member has protrusion portions, a center part and both end parts.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are rhodanine derivatives, a method for the preparation thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. The rhodanine derivatives have inhibitory activity against protein phosphatases (PPase) such as PTP1B, Prl-3, LAR, CD45, Cdc25A, Cdc25B, Cdc25C, Yop, PP1 and VHR, and can be applied for the prevention and treatment of PPase-caused diseases, including autoimmune diseases, diabetes, impaired glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, obesity, cancers, etc. when the inhibitory activity thereof is modulated.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are rhodanine derivatives, a method for the preparation thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. The rhodanine derivatives have inhibitory activity against protein phosphatases (PPase) such as PTP1B, Prl-3, LAR, CD45, Cdc25A, Cdc25B, Cdc25C, Yop, PP1 and VHR, and can be applied for the prevention and treatment of PPase-caused diseases, including autoimmune diseases, diabetes, impaired glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, obesity, cancers, etc. when the inhibitory activity thereof is modulated.

Abstract: A surface light source includes a plate type light source body having a sealed discharging space formed therein, a plate type electrode unit having a plurality of regions adjacent to at least one major surface of the light source body, and a multiple voltage applying unit operable to apply voltages independently to each of the plurality of regions. In this way, brightness of the surface light source can be controlled independently in each of the plurality of regions and a local dimming for a surface light source can be realized.

Abstract: There is provided a surface light source device comprising upper and lower substrates adhered to each other in order to form a discharge space, a reflection layer and a lower fluorescent layer stacked on an upper surface of the lower substrate, and an upper fluorescent layer stacked on a lower surface of the upper substrate, wherein the reflection layer has a thickness of 40 to 120 ?m, the lower fluorescent layer has a thickness of 10 to 60 ?m, and the upper fluorescent layer has a thickness of 10 to 25 ?m, and the device further comprises a first ion shield layer interposed between the upper substrate and the upper fluorescent layer, for blocking Na+ ions from being eluted from the upper substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a surface light source device and a backlight unit having the same. The surface light source device includes a main body with a plurality of lighting parts, and at least one electrode disposed on the lighting parts for discharging, said electrode being shaped in a partially different dimension depending the temperature difference(?t) in the lighting parts. The electrode compensates brightness uniformity lowering below a predetermined value due to the temperature difference(?t).

Abstract: A flat fluorescent lamp includes two panels 110, 120, 210, 220 disposed at an upper position and a lower position respectively; barriers 130, 230 forming discharge spaces 160, 260 which are provided with discharge gas; first bonding parts 140, 240 partially formed on the barriers 130, 230 to bond the barriers partially to the panel 110, 120, 210, 220; a second bonding part 150, 250 wholly formed between the two panels 110, 120, 210, 220 along peripheries of the two panels 110, 120, 210, 220 to wholly bond the peripheries of the two panels 110, 120, 210, 220; and electrodes 170, 270 for applying discharge voltage to the discharge gas.