Abstract: The present invention relates to a time synchronization method in a wireless sensor network. In the present invention, if an upper node requests a lower reference node to start time synchronization, the lower reference node broadcasts a first sync reference packet. The upper node receives the first sync reference packet and transmits the first sync reference packet reception time to the lower reference node. The lower reference node broadcasts the first sync reference packet reception time, such that the other nodes perform time synchronization on the basis of the first sync reference packet reception time. Meanwhile, the lower reference node estimates the first sync reference packet reception time of the upper node to calculate the reception estimation time, and transmits the reception estimation time to a determination node that is two hops anterior to the lower reference node.

Abstract: Provided are a single-board type vehicle driving information measuring apparatus and method using a sum of absolute difference (SAD) hardware accelerator. In the vehicle driving information measuring apparatus and method, time differences between vehicle sensing signals sensed by two or more sensing units are accurately calculated in real time by the SAD hardware accelerator, and the velocity and acceleration of a vehicle can be accurately calculated based on the accurate time differences between the vehicle sensing signals. The vehicle driving information measuring apparatus is operated in two separate modes, that is, a vehicle sensing mode and a velocity measuring mode. Accordingly, power consumption of the apparatus can be minimized. In addition, the apparatus can be provided with a wireless transceiver, so that the apparatus can be constructed and operated without external cables. Further, functional blocks of the apparatus can be powered separately.

Abstract: A test handler includes a loading unit including a loading picker and a loading ascending/descending unit, an unloading unit including an unloading picker and an unloading ascending/descending unit, and a chamber system. A passage site connects the loading unit and the chamber system, and also connects the chamber system and the unloading unit. The arrangement of the handler reduces the time for the loading and unloading processes by performing the loading and unloading processes on separate test trays located at separate loading and unloading positions.

Abstract: An automatic parking control system includes a movable parking robot to load and carry a vehicle to be parked, a parking guide server for providing the parking robot with a moving path to the target parking space, and one or more posts, installed nearby an accessible parking area, for controlling a moving path of the parking robot in real time through communications with the parking robot.

Abstract: Provided are a system and a method for auto valet parking. In the system and method, a parking slot of a target vehicle among a plurality of slots formed in a parking place is determined based on situation information on the parking place and a movement path based on information on current location of the target vehicle and information on the parking slot is determined. The target vehicle is automatically parked in the determined parking slot by moving along the movement path.

Abstract: Provided are a method for running a network for vehicle detection and a system thereof. Each vehicle detecting device is classified into a plurality of groups based on information provided from the vehicle detecting devices and control information that activates or deactivates components of the corresponding vehicle detecting devices is set for each group based on the information. Power of a signal transmitting the information is set for each vehicle detecting device.

Abstract: Provided is a method for minimizing energy consumption while increasing a data rate between sensor nodes in a sensor network. In the sensor network, a parent node receives reservation information from a first node among a plurality of child nodes in a first period and broadcasts channel allocation information of the first node according to the reservation information in the first period so that the first node performs the data transmission in a second period or third period and maintains a sleep mode until the first period ends.

Abstract: Provided are an adaptive communication method and a sensor node for performing the same. The sensor node adaptively selects transmitted signal output strength and a wakeup zone of transmitted data based on a received signal strength indication of a control packet received from a sink node and existence of an obstacle acquired through a sensor, and transmits data based on the adaptive selection. Also, during an operation as a receive mode, the sensor node wakes up and determines whether to receive the data from the transmit node based on wakeup zone configuration information per sensor node received from the sink node and a wakeup zone selected by a sensor node currently operable as a transmit node.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a vehicle includes a magnetic sensor that continuously obtains a magnetic signal varied due to movement of a vehicle; a gradient detecting unit that detects a gradient of the magnetic signal based on the obtained magnetic signal; and a vehicle status transitioning unit that generates status transition information of the vehicle based on the detected gradient. The apparatus further includes a vehicle coming-in/out determining unit that determines coming-in or coming-out of the vehicle based on the vehicle status transition information.

Abstract: Provided is a cruise control system and method. A vehicle cruise control system collects state information of components inside and outside a vehicle, state information of a road on which the vehicle is provided, and drive pattern information of a driver of the vehicle, analyzes a mileage amount and an exhaust gas emission amount of the vehicle based on the collected state information of the components, the road state information, and the drive pattern information, calculates a cruise control speed based on the analysis result, and controls the vehicle to run at the cruise control speed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for correcting position of a user tray including at least one first position member and at least one second position member that determine position of a user tray, a plate where the user tray is received, a first correcting unit that moves the user tray in a direction where the first position member is installed, a second correcting unit that moves the user tray in a direction where the second position member is installed, and an operating unit that operates the first correcting unit and the second correcting unit, which has a simple configuration, and moves a user tray to the accurate position, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and maintenance costs

Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication method in a wireless sensor network environment. The method overhears a packet transmitted from a source sensor node to a destination sink node and determines whether the destination sink node receives the packet. A transmission node selected by using local information among a plurality of neighboring sensor nodes transmits the overheard packet to the destination sink node when the packet is not received.

Abstract: A test handler, a method for unloading packaged chips, a method for transferring test trays, and a method for manufacturing packaged chips are provided. The test handler may include: a loading unit having a loading picker to perform a loading process on a test tray located at a loading position, a chamber system in which the packaged chips contained in the test tray transferred from the loading unit are connected to a hi-fix board and tested, and an unloading unit having at least one unloading buffer to move along an unloading moving path formed over a test tray located at an unloading position and an unloading picker to perform an unloading process on the test tray located at the unloading position. The test handler may further include a passage site disposed between the loading unit and the unloading unit and connecting the loading unit and the unloading unit to the chamber system, and a transferring unit transferring the test trays.

Abstract: A test handler, a packaged chip loading method, a test tray transferring method, and a packaged chip manufacturing method are provided. The test handler may include a loading unit, a chamber system, an unloading unit, at least one rotating unit and a transferring unit. The loading unit may include a loading buffer disposed to be movable along a moving path formed over a loading position and a loading picker to perform a loading process on the test tray located at the loading position. The chamber system having the packaged chips connected to a hi-fix board and tested. The unloading unit may include an unloading picker to perform an unloading process on the test tray located at an unloading position. The at least one rotating unit may be disposed between the loading unit and the unloading unit to rotate the test tray transferred from the loading unit from a horizontal posture to a vertical posture, and to rotate the test tray transferred from the chamber system from a vertical posture to a horizontal posture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for delivering data based on a sensor network. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for delivering data is provided in a means of transportation such as a vehicle, activates a node of a corresponding sensor network when a vehicle enters a road segment, and receives data from the transmission node. Then, the apparatus for delivering data calculates an optimum path along which the received data is delivered to a target destination, determines whether to use other vehicles or to directly deliver the data to the target destination on the basis of the calculated optimum path, and delivers the data to the target destination by the determined method. In this case, the target destination to which the data is delivered may be a different node of the same sensor network, or may be a node or a center of a different sensor network.

Abstract: A test handler includes a loading unit including a loading picker and a loading ascending/descending unit, an unloading unit including an unloading picker and an unloading ascending/descending unit, and a chamber system. A passage site connects the loading unit and the chamber system, and also connects the chamber system and the unloading unit. The arrangement of the handler reduces the time for the loading and unloading processes by performing the loading and unloading processes on separate test trays located at separate loading and unloading positions.

Abstract: Provided are an intelligent parking guidance apparatus and method. The intelligent parking guidance apparatus includes: an image sensor node recognizing a vehicle number of a vehicle, sensor nodes determining whether the vehicle exists in their own positions, a parking management server generating information for guiding the vehicle to an available parking space, and a mobile communication terminal receiving the information. The intelligent parking guidance apparatus and method provide information regarding parking lots which are within a predetermined distance from a destination and available parking spaces of each parking lot, to a driver, as well as provide a road guidance service to the driver to guide his/her vehicle to the destination, so that the driver can select an optimal parking lot.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device is fabricated by forming an active region protruding from a semiconductor substrate, forming an isolation layer on the substrate adjacent opposing sidewalls of the active region, and forming a floating gate electrode on a surface of the active region between the opposing sidewalls thereof. The floating gate electrode is formed to extend beyond edges of the surface of the active region onto the isolation layer. A surface of the floating gate electrode adjacent the active region defines a plane, and the isolation layer is confined between the plane and the substrate. A control gate electrode is formed on a surface of the floating gate electrode opposite the active region. The control gate electrode may be formed to extend along sidewalls of the floating gate electrode towards the substrate beyond the plane defined by the surface of the floating gate electrode adjacent the active region. Related devices are also discussed.

Abstract: The presence and absence of sidewall spacers are used to provide discontinuous and continuous contacts respectively, between a gate electrode and a source/drain region. In particular, first and second spaced apart gate electrodes are formed on an integrated circuit substrate. A source/drain region is formed in the integrated circuit substrate therebetween. The first electrode includes a first sidewall spacer on a first sidewall thereof facing the second gate electrode. The second gate electrode is free of (i.e. does not include a sidewall spacer on a second sidewall thereof facing the first electrode. A metal silicide layer is formed on the first gate electrode, on the second gate electrode and extending from the second gate electrode onto the second sidewall and onto the source/drain region. The first sidewall spacer is free of the metal silicide layer thereon.

Abstract: An SRAM cell having a word line shorter than a bit line is provided. First and second driver transistors having first and second gate electrodes parallel to each other are formed on a semiconductor substrate, and a third gate electrode shared by first and second transfer transistors is formed between the first and the second gate electrodes. A word line electrically connected to the third electrode is perpendicular to the first and the second gate electrodes, and a pair of bit lines electrically connected to drain areas of the first and the second transfer transistors are perpendicular to the word line. Also, a pair of ground lines are electrically connected to the source areas of the first and the second driver transistors, and are parallel to the bit lines.