Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods that include a multiple pump manifold to provide redundancy for use with high availability gas extraction system in industrial instrumentation. A method of operating a redundant pump assembly including operating a first pump of a plurality of pumps for an operation period; validating a second pump of the plurality of pumps at the end of the operation period of the first pump; validating a third pump of the plurality of pumps at the end of the operation period of the first pump; and, operating the third pump for the operation period, where the second pump and third pump are validated as operational.

Abstract: A laser spectroscopy assembly for gas measurement is provided. The assembly includes a gas cell. The cell body includes an input optic. The assembly also includes a light source configured to emit laser light into the gas cell. The assembly further includes an optical mask positioned in an optical path of the laser light and positioned between the gas cell and the light source. The optical mask includes a surface forming an angle with the input optic, the angle unequal to zero or 90°. The optical mask also includes an entry defined in the surface and sized to admit the laser light therethrough. The entry is positioned in the optical path. The optical mask is configured to reduce noise from etalons caused by parallel surfaces and/or quasi-parallel surfaces in the optical path.

Abstract: A laser absorption spectrometry system for gas measurement is provided. The system includes an integrated cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS) assembly. The assembly includes a gas cell including a cell body defining an optical cavity, one or more tunable diode lasers having one or more nominal wavelengths, and a reflective collimation mirror positioned in an optical path between the one or more tunable diode lasers and the gas cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to measuring chemical constituents and associated properties of hydrocarbon fuel mixtures, and further relates to tunable diode laser absorption spectrometry gas analyzers having improved chemometric models.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods that include a multiple pump manifold to provide redundancy for use with high availability gas extraction system in industrial instrumentation. A method of operating a redundant pump assembly including operating a first pump of a plurality of pumps for an operation period; validating a second pump of the plurality of pumps at the end of the operation period of the first pump; validating a third pump of the plurality of pumps at the end of the operation period of the first pump; and, operating the third pump for the operation period, where the second pump and third pump are validated as operational.

Abstract: A laser absorption spectrometry system for gas measurement is provided. The system includes an integrated cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS) assembly. The assembly includes a gas cell including a cell body defining an optical cavity, one or more tunable diode lasers having one or more nominal wavelengths, and a reflective collimation mirror positioned in an optical path between the one or more tunable diode lasers and the gas cell.

Abstract: Systems and methods for skewed basis set fitting may include obtaining measured absorption data indicative of an amount of absorption of light by a sample gas at each of multiple frequencies, determining an absorption dependent cavity time constant indicative of a skew to the measured absorption data caused by light reflections within a cavity in which the sample gas is contained, obtaining reference absorption data including basis sets indicative of reference amounts of light absorbed by each of multiple gases at each of the multiple frequencies, skewing the reference absorption data based on the absorption dependent cavity time constant to generate skewed reference absorption data, and fitting the measured absorption data to the skewed reference absorption data to identify an amount of at least one constituent gas within the sample gas.

Abstract: Systems and methods for skewed basis set fitting may include obtaining measured absorption data indicative of an amount of absorption of light by a sample gas at each of multiple frequencies, determining an absorption dependent cavity time constant indicative of a skew to the measured absorption data caused by light reflections within a cavity in which the sample gas is contained, obtaining reference absorption data including basis sets indicative of reference amounts of light absorbed by each of multiple gases at each of the multiple frequencies, skewing the reference absorption data based on the absorption dependent cavity time constant to generate skewed reference absorption data, and fitting the measured absorption data to the skewed reference absorption data to identify an amount of at least one constituent gas within the sample gas.

Abstract: A tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer and a method of processing absorption spectra is used to measure concentrations of selected fuel gas components and calculate several fuel gas parameters, including heating value, relative density, compressibility, theoretical hydrocarbon liquid content and Wobbe index. In the described incarnation, a tunable laser diode directs near-infrared light into an optical cavity through a sample of fuel gas. A sensor measures intensity of light exiting the cavity as the laser wavelength is tuned over a specified range to construct a cavity-enhanced absorption spectrum for the fuel gas. A set of basis spectra for expected component species is used to analyze the spectrum and determine component concentrations, including methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, and other discrete and structured absorbers. Critically, a generic broadband absorption is used to model higher hydrocarbons that present themselves as nearly featureless absorption spectra.

Abstract: A tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer and a method of processing absorption spectra is used to measure concentrations of selected fuel gas components and calculate several fuel gas parameters, including heating value, relative density, compressibility, theoretical hydrocarbon liquid content and Wobbe index. In the described incarnation, a tunable laser diode directs near-infrared light into an optical cavity through a sample of fuel gas. A sensor measures intensity of light exiting the cavity as the laser wavelength is tuned over a specified range to construct a cavity-enhanced absorption spectrum for the fuel gas. A set of basis spectra for expected component species is used to analyze the spectrum and determine component concentrations, including methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, and other discrete and structured absorbers. Critically, a generic broadband absorption is used to model higher hydrocarbons that present themselves as nearly featureless absorption spectra.

Abstract: An ammonia sensor can include a laser detector configured to provide stable sample readings. The sensor can implement a method including processing the recorded intensity of the laser beam to determine a first harmonic component and a second harmonic component and the amount of ammonia in the sample.

Abstract: An ammonia sensor can include a laser detector configured to provide stable sample readings.