Abstract: A photoacoustic flow cell, the components of which may be made well in advance of conducting photoacoustic analysis, comprising (a) a chamber structure that defines a chamber, a chamber inlet, and a chamber outlet, and (b) a glass test structure, at least a portion of which is supported by the chamber structure and at least a portion of which is located in the chamber, wherein the test structure comprises an interior surface that defines a test passageway through which samples will be flowed when conducting the photoacoustic analysis.

Abstract: Bag-on-valve (“BOV”) systems adapted to dispense viscous liquids, particularly syrup, which ordinarily crystallize in the presence of atmospheric oxygen and thereby block the flow path from the bag to the exterior of the container. The present systems utilize a BM flow path diameter effective to inhibit crystallization-based blockage. This facilitates storage of syrups art room temperature without needing refrigeration, and allows control over the dispensing amount through the use of a spray actuator. Methods for filling a BOV system with viscous product include a step to remove remnant product in the valve stem which may inhibit initial discharge. Such methods include exposure to a water source to dislodge and remove or dilute the remnant for evaporation or expulsion during initial discharge.

Abstract: Bag-on-valve (“BOV”) systems adapted to dispense viscous liquids, particularly syrup, which ordinarily crystallize in the presence of atmospheric oxygen and thereby block the flow path from the bag to the exterior of the container. The present systems utilize a BOV flow path diameter effective to inhibit crystallization-based blockage. This facilitates storage of syrups at room temperature without needing refrigeration, and allows control over the dispensing amount through the use of a spray actuator. Methods for filling a BOV system with viscous product include a step to remove remnant product in the valve stem which may inhibit initial discharge. Such methods include exposure to a water source to dislodge and remove or dilute the remnant for evaporation or expulsion during initial discharge.

Abstract: A photoacoustic flow cell, the components of which may be made well in advance of conducting photoacoustic analysis, comprising (a) a chamber structure that defines a chamber, a chamber inlet, and a chamber outlet, and (b) a glass test structure, at least a portion of which is supported by the chamber structure and at least a portion of which is located in the chamber, wherein the test structure comprises an interior surface that defines a test passageway through which samples will be flowed when conducting the photoacoustic analysis.

Abstract: A multiple flow system and method for detecting substances in a fluid is provided. More specifically, a first fluid tube containing a first fluid and a second fluid tube containing a second fluid are coupled to a common fluid tube via a connector, such that alternating discrete compartments of the first fluid and the second fluid flow through the common fluid tube. The first and second fluids are immiscible. A substance detector, having a flow chamber with an internal wall, is coupled to the common fluid tube. The alternating discrete compartments of the first and second fluids flow through the flow chamber and are analyzed by the substance detector.

Abstract: A multiple flow system and method for detecting substances in a fluid is provided. More specifically, a first fluid tube containing a first fluid and a second fluid tube containing a second fluid are coupled to a common fluid tube via a connector, such that alternating discrete compartments of the first fluid and the second fluid flow through the common fluid tube. The first and second fluids are immiscible. A substance detector, having a flow chamber with an internal wall, is coupled to the common fluid tube. The alternating discrete compartments of the first and second fluids flow through the flow chamber and are analyzed by the substance detector.