Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel including a display area including pixels and a non-display area including a dummy pixel; a scan driver which supplies a scan signal to the display panel; a data driver which supplies a data signal to the display panel; and a timing controller which supplies a first control signal for controlling the scan driver and a second control signal for controlling the data driver. The dummy pixel is connected to a bad pixel among the pixels in the display area through a repair line, and a connection of the dummy pixel to the repair line is cut off in an initialization phase in which a voltage of an initialization power source is supplied.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a dialkyl carbonate, in which a dialkyl carbonate such as dimethyl carbonate is economically prepared in an environmentally-friendly manner at a higher yield while reducing generation of a by-product. The method for preparing the dialkyl carbonate includes reacting urea, an alkyl carbamate having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof with a monovalent alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the presence of a room temperature ionic liquid and a catalyst including a salt of a transition metal or a rare earth metal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a dialkyl carbonate, in which a dialkyl carbonate such as dimethyl carbonate is economically prepared in an environmentally-friendly manner at a higher yield while reducing generation of a by-product. The method for preparing the dialkyl carbonate includes reacting urea, an alkyl carbamate having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof with a monovalent alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the presence of a room temperature ionic liquid and a catalyst including a salt of a transition metal or a rare earth metal.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for easily manufacturing a semiconductor random access memory cell having a large stacked storage capacitance.