Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of treating a cancer (or a tumor) with an IL-7 protein in combination with a VEGF antagonist. In some aspects, the methods provided herein further comprise administering an additional therapeutic agent (e.g., immune checkpoint inhibitor) to the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed are semiconductor devices and electronic systems including the same. The semiconductor device includes a substrate that has a recess region, a gate electrode on a bottom surface of the recess region, a gate dielectric layer between the gate electrode and the bottom surface of the recess region, a plurality of shield electrodes on laterally opposite sides of the gate electrode and on inner sidewalls of the recess region, a plurality of dielectric patterns between the shield electrodes and the inner sidewalls of the recess region, a plurality of impurity regions in the substrate and on opposite sides of the shield electrodes, and a channel region in the substrate and below the bottom surface of the recess region.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate a bit line structure disposed on the substrate, a trench adjacent to at least one side of the bit line structure, a storage contact structure disposed within the trench, and comprising a storage contact, a silicide layer, and a storage pad which are stacked sequentially. A spacer structure is disposed between the bit line structure and the storage contact structure.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electronic device is provided. The method includes forming a stack structure by placing a to-be-peeled layer on a substrate, applying thermal shock to the stack structure, detaching the to-be-peeled layer from the substrate, and transferring the detached to-be-peeled layer to a target substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as long-term evolution (LTE). An operation method of a base station in a wireless communication system may include obtaining indicators corresponding to a precoder, precoding a signal using the precoder, and transmitting the precoded signal to the terminal. The precoder may include elements defined by a phase value, an exponential value, or a sign, determined by combining variables based on the indicators. The precoder may be determined by searching a first memory storing coefficients for combining the variables corresponding to an antenna port and a layer, a second memory storing a size of a sine wave and cosine wave corresponding to the phase value, or a third memory storing a sign corresponding to a combination of an antenna port or a layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electronic device is provided. The method includes forming a stack structure by placing a to-be-peeled layer on a substrate, applying thermal shock to the stack structure, detaching the to-be-peeled layer from the substrate, and transferring the detached to-be-peeled layer to a target substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as long-term evolution (LTE). An operation method of a base station in a wireless communication system may include obtaining indicators corresponding to a precoder, precoding a signal using the precoder, and transmitting the precoded signal to the terminal. The precoder may include elements defined by a phase value, an exponential value, or a sign, determined by combining variables based on the indicators. The precoder may be determined by searching a first memory storing coefficients for combining the variables corresponding to an antenna port and a layer, a second memory storing a size of a sine wave and cosine wave corresponding to the phase value, or a third memory storing a sign corresponding to a combination of an antenna port or a layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate a bit line structure disposed on the substrate, a trench adjacent to at least one side of the bit line structure, a storage contact structure disposed within the trench, and comprising a storage contact, a silicide layer, and a storage pad which are stacked sequentially. A spacer structure is disposed between the bit line structure and the storage contact structure.

Abstract: A method of controlling a turbine of an exhaust heat recovery system in which heat of exhaust gas evaporates a working fluid through a heat exchanger provided in an exhaust pipe and the working fluid is supplied to the turbine may include measuring an internal temperature of the heat exchanger, and rotating the turbine in a reverse direction when the measured internal temperature is a predetermined temperature or less.

Abstract: A system of recycling exhaust heat from an internal combustion engine may include an EGR line circulating a portion of exhaust gas generated from the engine to an intake side, a working fluid circulating line configured to have a working fluid satisfying a Rankine cycle, which is circulated therein, and an EGR side heat exchanging unit configured to perform a heat-exchange between an EGR gas flowing in the EGR line and the working fluid flowing in the working fluid circulating line. When a temperature of the EGR gas is equal to or greater than a reference temperature T1, the EGR gas is circulated to the intake side via the EGR side heat exchanging unit, and when the temperature of the EGR gas is less than the reference temperature T1, the EGR gas is circulated to the intake side without passing through the EGR side heat exchanging unit.

Abstract: A two-stage turbo charger system includes: a high pressure turbine driven by exhaust gas from an engine and a low pressure turbine driven by exhaust gas produced after driving the high pressure turbine; a low pressure compressor primarily compressing intake air by rotation of the low pressure turbine and a high pressure compressor secondarily compressing intake air by the high pressure turbine; and a compressor by-pass valve adjusting opening or closing of an intake air by-pass pipe allowing air discharged from the low pressure compressor to by-pass the high pressure compressor to move toward an intake manifold.

Abstract: A method of controlling a turbine of an exhaust heat recovery system in which heat of exhaust gas evaporates a working fluid through a heat exchanger provided in an exhaust pipe and the working fluid is supplied to the turbine may include measuring an internal temperature of the heat exchanger, and rotating the turbine in a reverse direction when the measured internal temperature is a predetermined temperature or less.

Abstract: A system of recycling exhaust heat from an internal combustion engine may include an EGR line circulating a portion of exhaust gas generated from the engine to an intake side, a working fluid circulating line configured to have a working fluid satisfying a Rankine cycle, which is circulated therein, and an EGR side heat exchanging unit configured to perform a heat-exchange between an EGR gas flowing in the EGR line and the working fluid flowing in the working fluid circulating line. When a temperature of the EGR gas is equal to or greater than a reference temperature T1, the EGR gas is circulated to the intake side via the EGR side heat exchanging unit, and when the temperature of the EGR gas is less than the reference temperature T1, the EGR gas is circulated to the intake side without passing through the EGR side heat exchanging unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reclining device for seats in vehicles, which has improved engagement force between an upper tooth bracket and an operating part, improved overall strength and durability, and improved quality due to the improvement in the connection structure of pole gears and rear guide protrusions. Further, the reclining device provides improved ride comfort for the driver and passengers and prevents operational noise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reclining device for seats in vehicles, which has improved engagement force between an upper tooth bracket and an operating part, improved overall strength and durability, and improved quality due to the improvement in the connection structure of pole gears and rear guide protrusions. Further, the reclining device provides improved ride comfort for the driver and passengers and prevents operational noise.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes: an internal command signal generator for receiving an external command signal and a command strobe signal from a chipset to generate an internal command signal by decoding the external command signal in response to the command strobe signal; and a plurality of operation circuits for performing an internal operation of the semiconductor memory device based on the internal command signal.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of address pins for receiving a plurality of address signals from a chipset, and an address strobe pin for receiving an address strobe signal from the chipset.

Abstract: There is provided an electronic musical instrument for transposing the key comprising a key transpose switching means, a key board having multiple keys each assigned with an identification number, a microcomputer for processing the state signals of the switching means and the depressed key signals of the key board to produce key transpose data, a sound generator for producing the key-transposed sound according to the key transpose data produced from the microcomputer, a D/A converter for converting the key-transposed sound into an analog signal, an amplifier for amplifying the analog signal of the D/A converter, and a low pass filter for filtering the amplified sound to deliver it to a speaker.