Abstract: A bitline sense amplifier including: an amplifier which is connected between a first sensing bitline and a second sensing bitline, and detects and amplifies a voltage difference between a first bitline and a second bitline in response to a first control signal and a second control signal; and an equalizer which is connected between a first supply line through which the first control signal is supplied and a second supply line through which the second control signal is supplied, and pre-charges the first bitline and the second bitline with a precharge voltage in response to an equalizing control signal, wherein the equalizer includes an equalizing enable transistor in which a source terminal is connected to the first supply line and performs equalizing in response to the equalizing control signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a depth of a tread groove may include: a camera module capturing a video including an upper end portion of a tire while rotating around an upper end portion of the tire having a plurality of tread grooves, the video including a plurality of frames; a control module obtaining, based on the plurality of frames, a cross-sectional width of the tire in units of pixels by adding widths and depths of each of the plurality of tread grooves in units of pixels, a width of an inner block in units of pixels, and a width of an outer block in units of pixels, the inner and outer blocks are disposed on the tire; and a conversion module converting the depth of the tread groove in units of pixels into the depth in units of pixels.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate having a first region and a second region, first active fins that extend in a first direction in the first region, second active fins that extend in the first direction in the second region, a first field insulating layer between the first active fins and that extend in a second direction, a second field insulating layer between the second active fins and extending in the second direction, a gate line that extends in the second direction on the second field insulating layer, the gate line linearly along with the first field insulating layer, a gate isolation layer between the first field insulating layer and the gate line, and gate spacers that extend in the second direction, the gate spacers in contact with both sidewalls of each of the first field insulating layer, the gate line, and the gate isolation layer.

Abstract: An atomic layer etching method using a ligand exchange reaction may include a substrate providing step of putting a substrate with a thin film formed thereon into a reaction chamber, a halogenated thin film forming step of forming a halogenated thin film on a surface of the thin film by infusing a halogenated gas into the reaction chamber, and an etching step of etching the halogenated thin film by infusing a ligand without a metal or metal precursor into the reaction chamber with the substrate with the halogenated thin film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hard film having improved wear resistance and improved toughness. A hard film according to the present invention is formed by using a PVD method on a surface of a base material, wherein: the hard film includes a first hard layer and a second hard layer; the first hard layer has a thickness of approximately 0.1-3.0 ?m and is composed of Ti1-aAlaN (0.3?a?0.7), and has a single phase structure; and the second hard layer has a thickness of approximately 0.5-10 ?m and is composed of Ti1-a-bAlaMebN (0.3?a?0.7, 0?b?0.05, the Me being at least one selected from V, Zr, Si, Nb, Cr, Mo, Hf, Ta and W); according to an XRD phase analysis method, a ratio ([200]/[111]) of the intensity of a [200] peak to the intensity of a [111] peak is approximately 1.5 or higher; the second hard layer preferentially grows in a [200] direction; the [200] peak is located at approximately 42.7°-44.6° and is composed of three phases, and the [111] peak is located at approximately 37.0°-38.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hard film having improved wear resistance and improved toughness. A hard film according to the present invention is formed by using a PVD method on a surface of a base material, wherein: the hard film includes a first hard layer and a second hard layer; the first hard layer has a thickness of approximately 0.1-3.0 ?m and is composed of Ti1-aAlaN (0.3?a?0.7), and has a single phase structure; and the second hard layer has a thickness of approximately 0.5-10 ?m and is composed of Ti1-a-bAlaMebN (0.3?a?0.7, 0?b?0.05, the Me being at least one selected from V, Zr, Si, Nb, Cr, Mo, Hf, Ta and W); according to an XRD phase analysis method, a ratio ([200]/[111]) of the intensity of a [200] peak to the intensity of a [111] peak is approximately 1.5 or higher; the second hard layer preferentially grows in a [200] direction; the [200] peak is located at approximately 42.7°-44.6° and is composed of three phases, and the [111] peak is located at approximately 37.0°-38.

Abstract: A hard coating includes a thin film layer which has a total thickness of 0.5-10 ?m and has an overall composition of Al1-a-bTiaMebN (0.2<a?0.6, 0<b?0.15), where Me is a nitride constituent element having a thermal expansion coefficient of greater than 2.7×10?6/° C. and less than 9.35×10?6/° C., wherein the thin film layer has a structure in which a nano-multilayered-structure of thin layers A, B and C, thin layer B being disposed between thin layer A and thin layer C, is repeatedly laminated at least once.

Abstract: A hard coating includes a thin film layer which has a total thickness of 0.5-10 ?m and has an overall composition of Al1-a-bTiaMebN (0.2<a?0.6, 0<b?0.15) , where Me is a nitride constituent element having a thermal expansion coefficient of greater than 2.7×10?6/° C. and less than 9.35×10?6/° C., wherein the thin film layer has a structure in which a nano-multilayered-structure of thin layers A, B and C, thin layer B being disposed between thin layer A and thin layer C, is repeatedly laminated at least once.

Abstract: The present invention provides an address-based social safety network system of a smart grid infrastructure device, the address-based social safety network system comprising: a potable location information terminal for transmitting an emergency signal through a RF modem when an emergency signal generation command is inputted; a digital energy meter which calculates an average value of wireless reception strength of the emergency signal received from the portable location information terminal and then transmits the calculated average value to an upper end; a collection device which collects the emergency signal received from the digital energy meter, and which transmits the collected emergency signal to the upper end; and a positioning server which collects the emergency signal received from the collection device, and which tracks location information of the portable location information terminal by using the wireless receiving sensitivity and an intrinsic identification address of the digital emergency meter.

Abstract: The present invention provides an address-based social safety network system of a smart grid infrastructure device, the address-based social safety network system comprising: a potable location information terminal for transmitting an emergency signal through a RF modem when an emergency signal generation command is inputted; a digital energy meter which calculates an average value of wireless reception strength of the emergency signal received from the portable location information terminal and then transmits the calculated average value to an upper end; a collection device which collects the emergency signal received from the digital energy meter, and which transmits the collected emergency signal to the upper end; and a positioning server which collects the emergency signal received from the collection device, and which tracks location information of the portable location information terminal by using the wireless receiving sensitivity and an intrinsic identification address of the digital emergency meter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a game streaming system and method for supporting multiuser and multiplatform, and more particularly to a game streaming system and method for supporting multiuser and multiplatform, which executes a game for multiuser in a server computer having high performance in an online game and transfers multiple game result images and game sound to a client terminal of a corresponding user by using real-time encoding and streaming.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and a method of providing a cloud service, the apparatus including an allocation unit to allocate a streaming service providing a service to a user terminal corresponding to a service request for manipulating game content received from the user terminal, a controller to control the game content of the allocated streaming server based on the service request, and a providing unit to stream and provide a result screen of the controlled game content to the user terminal, wherein the controller controls the game content of the allocated streaming server based on a service request re-received from the user terminal provided with the result screen.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to distributed server systems and methods for streaming game service, and in particular, to a distributed server system and method for streaming game service in which an online game is executed for multiple users in a high-performance server computer, and game screens and sounds of multiple users are delivered to client terminals of the multiple users, respectively, by using real-time encoding and streaming. For this purpose, a game service method in a cloud game server includes receiving an access request from a user terminal, receiving unique information about the user terminal, executing a game according to a game event requested by the user terminal, and encoding and transmitting video and audio according to the unique information about the user terminal, where the video and audio is a result of the game execution.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a game streaming system and method for supporting multiuser and multiplatform, and more particularly to a game streaming system and method for supporting multiuser and multiplatform, which executes a game for multiuser in a server computer having high performance in an online game and transfers multiple game result images and game sound to a client terminal of a corresponding user by using real-time encoding and streaming.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system to manage video content comprises an index file management module comprising logic to generate an index file to describe content in an associated video file, store the index file for a video file in a first memory location, separate from a second memory location in which the video file is stored, receive, from a requesting entity, a request for access to the index file, in response to the request, download the index file to the requesting entity, and download the video file to the requesting entity.

Abstract: A method for detecting and calculating the contribution by external jammer signals to the total power received by a reverse link of a communication system. The total received power for a reverse link is measured. Calculations of load estimates based on power rise due to background noise and total Eb/N0 are performed. The contribution of external jammer signals to the total power received is calculated from the load estimates. The ability to calculate the power level of external jammer signals for a certain reverse link allows a service provider to more efficiently use the capacity of the reverse link. An average of the calculated external jammer power level can be calculated over a period of time defined by the service provider of the communication system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reasonably discriminating between an appropriately behaved wireless terminal and an inappropriately behaved wireless terminal is disclosed. In particular, some embodiments of the present invention are capable of reasonably discriminating between an appropriately behaved wireless terminal and an inappropriately behaved wireless terminal even though consecutive frames have heterogeneous rates (i.e., full-rate frames, half-rate frames, quarter-rate frames, etc.).An illustrative embodiment of the present invention receives a frame from a wireless terminal and determines how many "gated-on" groups are in the frame. The illustrative embodiment next determines how many power-down commands should be issued or have been issued to the wireless terminal in response to the received frame. Next, the illustrative embodiment compares the number of power-down commands for the frame to the number of gated-on groups for the frame.