Abstract: A data receiving device may include a dummy stage block. The dummy stage block may include m dummy stages, wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to two. Each of the m dummy stages may be configured to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI) from a dummy input signal using dummy coefficient information to generate a dummy output signal free of the ISI. Each of the m dummy stages may be further configured to output the dummy output signal. A normal stage block may include n normal stages, wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to two. Each of the n normal stages may be configured to remove ISI from an input signal using coefficient information to generate an output signal free of the ISI and may be further configured to output the output signal.

Abstract: In a system for determining a precise orbit of a satellite, a satellite control system includes a tracking, telemetry and command module for receiving telemetry data from the satellite, tracking the satellite, and performing link to the satellite; a satellite operations sub module for extracting L1 carrier phase data by processing the telemetry data, monitoring the satellite, generating telecommand data, and controlling the satellite; and a mission analysis and planning subsystem for determining the precise orbit of the satellite using the L1 carrier phase data collected by a satellite, L1/L2 carrier phase data of the reference ground stations of the GPS satellites collected by an IGS, and a path error caused by the ionosphere of data, and analyzing and planning a mission of the satellite.