Abstract: An embodiment vehicle hinge driving apparatus includes an actuator, a housing connected to the actuator, an output shaft rotatably mounted in the housing, and a transmission mechanism including a plurality of gear sets configured to transmit a torque from the actuator to the output shaft, wherein the plurality of gear sets includes a proximal gear set close to the actuator, a first distal gear set operatively connected to the proximal gear set, and a second distal gear set operatively connected to the first distal gear set, wherein the second distal gear set is detachably mounted and configured to respond to a required output torque, and wherein the output shaft is connected to the first distal gear set or the second distal gear set.

Abstract: Provided are a solid state drive (SSD) card and an electronic system including the same. The electronic system includes a main board to which an input device and an output device are connected. A central processing unit (CPU) and a platform hub (PH) are provided on the main board. The PH is electrically connected to a hybrid interface socket. The hybrid interface socket includes a secure digital (SD) card interface and a non-SD card interface. When the SSD card and the electronic system including the same are used, a storage capacity may be conveniently upgraded to a higher capacity. Also, since the hybrid interface socket is provided in place of a conventional SD card socket, additional space is not required and thus space may be efficiently used.

Abstract: There is provided a motor driving apparatus comprising: a timer configured to output a time information; and a control unit configured to decrease a speed of a motor, after determining, based on the time information, that a driving time of the motor has elapsed for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for driving a switched reluctance motor (SRM), the apparatus including a motor driver for applying an input voltage to each phase of the SRM to drive the SRM through a switching operation, and a processor for controlling a driving state of the SRM through control of the switching operation based on a rotational speed of the SRM.

Abstract: A bus arbitration apparatus and method are provided. A plurality of masters may be classified into master types based on master characteristics, and bus arbitration may be performed. Thus, it is possible to prevent a bus from being distributed to a predetermined master, and it is possible to improve overall performance of a bus system by solving a problem of unbalanced distribution of performance between the plurality of masters.

Abstract: A composite sheet for a backlight unit using a printless light guide plate in a liquid crystal display television, which includes a first prism sheet positioned directly on the printless light guide plate, a second prism sheet having a prism pattern formed in a direction orthogonal to a direction of a prism pattern of the first prism sheet, and a protective sheet, where ribs of the first prism sheet are adhered to the lower surface of the second prism sheet, and ribs of the second prism sheet are adhered to the lower surface of the protective sheet. A method of manufacturing the composite sheet for a backlight unit is also provided.

Abstract: Provided are a solid state drive (SSD) card and an electronic system including the same. The electronic system includes a main board to which an input device and an output device are connected. A central processing unit (CPU) and a platform hub (PH) are provided on the main board. The PH is electrically connected to a hybrid interface socket. The hybrid interface socket includes a secure digital (SD) card interface and a non-SD card interface. When the SSD card and the electronic system including the same are used, a storage capacity may be conveniently upgraded to a higher capacity. Also, since the hybrid interface socket is provided in place of a conventional SD card socket, additional space is not required and thus space may be efficiently used.

Abstract: A hibernation method of a computing system that includes generating backup data and write addresses according to at least a portion of data utilized by the computing system at a hibernation request, generating conversion addresses corresponding to a first non-volatile memory when the write addresses correspond to a second non-volatile memory, and storing the backup data in the first non-volatile memory according to either the write addresses or the conversion addresses.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a device interface configured to communicate with a host. The nonvolatile memory device includes a sleep controller configured to select a sleep state from among a plurality of sleep states. The sleep controller is configured to control the device interface to enter the selected sleep state. Each of the plurality of sleep states have different resume times. The resume times are a period of time taken for the nonvolatile memory device to exit an associated sleep state. In each of the plurality of sleep states, the sleep controller is configured to remove a supply of power from physical blocks of the device interface except for a physical block used for sideband signaling.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing a hybrid fairy tale book in a mobile terminal are provided. The apparatus for providing a hybrid fairy tale book in a mobile terminal includes a downloader which downloads a book application selected by a terminal user from a storage server, a processor which displays an input UI on the screen according to an execution instruction for the downloaded book application, and then searches for the content of a first fairy tale book connected with the book application from a paid database in the storage server, when a condition selected by the input UI is met and thus, an authentication code is inputted; and a control display which processes the found content of the first fairy tale book using a personal image, and visualizes the processed content of the first fairy tale book through the book application.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for converting a protocol interface are provided. A protocol converter may analyze a protocol of protocol data, and may sequentially output a plurality of sub-data of the input protocol data according to types of the plurality of sub-data and a plurality of phase information representing the types of the plurality of sub-data. A phase channel line may transmit phase information received from the protocol converter among the plurality of phase information. A data channel line may simultaneously transmit the received phase information and a sub-data corresponding to the received phase information.

Abstract: A composite sheet for a backlight unit using a printless light guide plate in a liquid crystal display television, which includes a first prism sheet positioned directly on the printless light guide plate, a second prism sheet having a prism pattern formed in a direction orthogonal to a direction of a prism pattern of the first prism sheet, and a protective sheet, where ribs of the first prism sheet are adhered to the lower surface of the second prism sheet, and ribs of the second prism sheet are adhered to the lower surface of the protective sheet. A method of manufacturing the composite sheet for a backlight unit is also provided.

Abstract: A magnetic circuit and a speaker including the magnetic circuit. The speaker includes: a bottom case; a magnetic circuit including a perpendicular-magnetized permanent magnet and a horizontal-magnetized permanent magnet spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval; a diaphragm; a voice coil attached on a surface of the diaphragm, disposed in a magnetic gap between the perpendicular-magnetized permanent magnet and the horizontal-magnetized permanent magnet and which vibrates the diaphragm; and a front cover coupled to the bottom case to fix the magnetic circuit and the diaphragm. The magnetic circuit includes a perpendicular-magnetized permanent magnet and a plurality of horizontal-magnetized permanent magnets.

Abstract: A bus arbitration apparatus and method are provided. A plurality of masters may be classified into master types based on master characteristics, and bus arbitration may be performed. Thus, it is possible to prevent a bus from being distributed to a predetermined master, and it is possible to improve overall performance of a bus system by solving a problem of unbalanced distribution of performance between the plurality of masters.

Abstract: A hibernation method of a computing system that includes generating backup data and write addresses according to at least a portion of data utilized by the computing system at a hibernation request, generating conversion addresses corresponding to a first non-volatile memory when the write addresses correspond to a second non-volatile memory, and storing the backup data in the first non-volatile memory according to either the write addresses or the conversion addresses.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for converting a protocol interface are provided. A protocol converter may analyze a protocol of protocol data, and may sequentially output a plurality of sub-data of the input protocol data according to types of the plurality of sub-data and a plurality of phase information representing the types of the plurality of sub-data. A phase channel line may transmit phase information received from the protocol converter among the plurality of phase information. A data channel line may simultaneously transmit the received phase information and a sub-data corresponding to the received phase information.

Abstract: A system and method for automating a business procedure is disclosed. The workflow management system includes an administrator, a process designer, a workflow database, a process engine and a web client. The system may interact with a form generator and a business application program. The system first analyzes the business process and models the process as a combination of detailed activities. The system assigns the properties to each activity according to the business rules. After modeling the business process and after the business process is initiated, the process engine allocates the workitems to the participant. The system can automate a very complicated business process and can be expanded and adapted to ever-changing business environments.

Abstract: A system and method for automating a business procedure is disclosed. The workflow management system comprises an administrator, a process designer, a workflow database, a process engine and a web client. The system also interacts with a form generator and a business application program. The system first analyzed the business process and models the process as a combination of detailed activities. The system assigns the properties to each activity according to the business rules. After modeling the business process, the process engine allocates the workitems to the participant once the process is initiated. The system can automate a very complicated business process and can be expanded and adapted to the ever-changing business environments.