Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of preparing 1-octene at high activity and high selectivity while stably maintaining reaction activity by tetramerizing ethylene using a chromium-based catalyst system comprising a transition metal or a transition metal precursor, a cocatalyst, and a P—C—C—P backbone structure ligand represented by (R1)(R2)P—(R5)CHCH(R6)—P(R3)(R4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluid level sensor-attached motor pump for a washer fluid, in which a fluid level sensor for detecting the remaining amount of a washer fluid stored in a washer fluid reservoir and outputting a detection signal is integrally mounted to a motor pump for a washer fluid so that an operator can check the remaining amount of the washer fluid through a dashboard of a vehicle and thus can replenish an insufficient washer fluid, in which the fluid level sensor is integrally mounted to the motor pump for a washer fluid to solve a problem in that the motor pump and the fluid level sensor are separately wiring-connected to the washer fluid reservoir to thereby deteriorate workability of wiring so that workability of wiring can be increased and the wiring can be simplified to reduce a defective proportion, in which the motor pump for a washer fluid and the fluid level sensor are integrally manufactured so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and in which the fluid level sensor fo

Abstract: A method for correcting an injector characteristic defining a relationship between an injector injection time and a valve closing time for a cylinder of an internal combustion engine by sensing an injector closing time includes steps of: sensing the injector closing time; determining a compensation amount for compensating for a commanded injection time using a number of sensing failures or a result of a learning of a relationship between a required commanded injection time and the injector closing time in a relevant cylinder, in addition to the number of sensing failures when there is a failure to sense the injector closing time; and controlling a commanded injection time according to an amount of required fuel injection in the relevant cylinder, based on the determined compensation amount.

Abstract: A method for wireless communication by a terminal, a method for wireless communication by a base station, the terminal, and the base station, are provided. The method for wireless communication by the terminal includes receiving first information comprising a muting subframe interval, a subframe offset, and a muting position of a resource element in a resource block, checking presence of a data in a subframe, determining the resource element to be muted in the subframe based on the muting subframe interval, the subframe offset, and the muting position, if the data is present, and receiving the data on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) based on the result of the determining step.

Abstract: Examples herein disclose capturing a wifi signal from a computing device corresponding to a computing accessory and harvesting energy from the captured wifi signal. The examples power the computing accessory based on the harvested energy.

Abstract: A method for a transmitter in a communication system, a method for a receiver, a transmitting apparatus, and a receiving apparatus are provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for wireless communication. Control symbols are mapped to a plurality of resource element groups (REGs) which is not assigned to a physical channel format indication channel (PCFICH) or a physical hybrid automatic repeat request indicator channel (PHICH). The REGs are allocated based on a time first manner. The mapped control symbols are transmitted on a packet dedicated control channel (PDCCH).

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for receiving control information by a terminal. A control channel message is received on a control channel. Control information is extracted from the control channel message. The control information includes a transmission rank and precoding matrix information if a common pilot is used for data demodulation. The control information includes the transmission rank and information about a dedicated pilot if the dedicated pilot is used for the data demodulation.

Abstract: Provided is a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) transmission method of a base station for a mobile communication system based on an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). The method includes acquiring downlink control information of a resource corresponding to a carrier among a plurality of carriers, identifying at least one Control Channel Element (CCE) index based on an indicator of the carrier among the plurality of carriers, generating a PDCCH for the downlink control information based on the identified CCE index, and transmitting the PDCCH through a predetermined carrier.

Abstract: The disclosed technology relates to transforming an ordinary remote control into an IoT device. IoT provides an opportunity to enable and extend traditional technology products in seamless and cost-effective ways. As an example, a remote control for garage door openers is transformed, thereby allowing users of smart phones to remotely activate the garage door openers from anywhere in the world. The transformation virtually eliminates installation and integration difficulties, without losing any functionality. The IoT-powered devices also opens the opportunity of whole world of M2M automation and benefits, such as automatically closing all garage doors after 9 PM or when people are away from the home. This technology further enables the power of smart phones, connected watches, tablets, IoT and M2M devices disruptively, changing how we live and interact with machines.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting reference signals in a communication system are provided. The method includes transmitting common reference signals of a first type from a transmitter to a plurality of receivers; transmitting receiver-specific reference signals of a second type from a plurality of distributed ports to a subset of the plurality of receivers; wherein the common reference signals of the first type and the receiver-specific reference signals of the second type are allocated to different resources from one another, and wherein the communication system includes the transmitter and the plurality of receivers and the transmitter uses a plurality of central ports and the plurality of distributed ports to transmit to the plurality of receivers.

Abstract: A method apparatus and system for efficiently transmitting and receiving channels are provided in a wireless communication system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). A multiplexing scheme differs according to a channel when a transmitter transmits a packet data channel, a common control channel and a control channel designated for a particular user. Uncoded 1-bit information is broadly dispersed in frequency and time domains using multiplexing technology for maximizing diversity in a channel for transmitting information of at least one bit to a particular user like an acknowledgement (ACK) channel. The transmitter converts a sequence obtained by multiplexing multiple bits to be transmitted to a plurality of users to parallel signals, and broadly disperses the parallel signals in the time and frequency domains.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving control information in a wireless communication system. A method in a base station includes transmitting, to a terminal, information associated with a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols carrying a control channel; determining a set of control channel candidates based on an identifier (ID) of the terminal and transmission time information, wherein each control channel candidate included in the set of control channel candidates consists of one of one, two, four, or eight control channel elements (CCEs); selecting at least one control channel candidate from among the set of control channel candidates; and transmitting the control information to the terminal through the selected at least one control channel candidate.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication system. Resource allocation information is received and hopping-related information is identified. A resource for transmitting data is determined based on the resource allocation information and hopping-related information, and data is transmitted on the determined resource. A sub-band is determined from a plurality of sub-bands based on the first hopping parameter and a resource in the determined sub-band is determined based on the second hopping parameter.

Abstract: A cloud-based connectivity system is disclosed. The system includes a plurality of wireless devices and a computing device connected to at least one of the wireless devices. The computing device includes a control unit to receive context information from each of the plurality of wireless devices, to determine future consumption patterns for each of the plurality of wireless devices by using the received context information, to create a connectivity representation for the plurality of wireless devices, and to determine an optimal network topology for the plurality of wireless devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing butadiene. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of preparing butadiene by feeding butene and oxygen into a reactor containing a composite metal oxide catalyst and performing oxidative dehydrogenation, wherein a mole ratio of the oxygen to the butene is 1.8 to 2.2. In accordance with the present invention, a method of preparing butadiene to secure long-term operation stability by maintaining the intensity of a catalyst despite oxidative dehydrogenation and not to decrease selectivity due to less side reaction is provided.

Abstract: An example of adaptive location perturbation can include selecting, by a processing resource of a mobile device executing instructions stored on a non-transitory medium, between a plurality of localization technologies to perturb a location measurement of the mobile device. The perturbed location measurement of the mobile device can be sent to a location-based service provider.

Abstract: A method and a system for establishing a route of an unmanned aerial vehicle are provided. The method includes identifying an object from surface scanning data and shaping a space, which facilitates autonomous flight, as a layer, collecting surface image data for a flight path from the shaped layer, and analyzing a change in image resolution according to a distance from the object through the collected surface image data and extracting an altitude value on a flight route.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allocating resource between uplink ACK/NACK channel and downlink control channel supporting spatial multiplexing in an OFDM-based wireless communication system which configures uplink ACK/NAK channel implicitly using reference signals for discriminating among resource allocation spaces and physical channel resource. The method is capable of multiplexing the uplink ACK/NACK channel associated with the control channel extended by spatial multiplexing into the uplink ACK/NACK channel resource which does not support spatial multiplexing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving Uplink Control Information (UCI) in a wireless communication system. The method includes generating the UCI including at least one of channel quality indicator (CQI) information and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) information; identifying, if the terminal is configured with a plurality of serving cells, a serving cell among the plurality of serving cells based on information on a cell index of the serving cell; and transmitting the UCI on a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) of the identified serving cell.