Abstract: An LTE-A system and power control method for controlling cell interference based on codeword-specific transmission power adjustment with a transmission power control offset parameter. The method includes transmitting a parameter KS signaled by a higher layer and codeword-specific power control parameters from a base station to a terminal; calculating gains at the terminal, using the codeword-specific power control parameters and the parameter KS; calculating, at the terminal, codeword-specific transmit powers according to the gains; and transmitting, from the terminal to the base station, at least two codewords at the codeword-specific transmit powers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for a whitening effect or for the prevention of gray hair, which includes antisense nucleic acid molecules of SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein the composition has an miRNA of SEQ ID NO: 1 or a base sequence complementary thereto. Also disclosed is a method for controlling chromogenesis in test materials and for screening for expression control materials of chromogenic genes. The composition and the screening method can be used for the whitening effect or for the prevention of gray hair.

Abstract: A method for transmitting feedback information for collaborative transmission in a cellular radio communication system is provided. The method includes receiving, from the base station, collaborative cell information indicating a plurality of collaborative cells, determining at least two preferred collaborative cells among the plurality of collaborative cells, generating feedback information including cell indicators for discriminating between the at least two preferred collaborative cells and the other cell, precoding matrix indicators for the at least two preferred collaborative cells, and channel quality indicators, and transmitting the feedback information via one of a control channel and a data channel.

Abstract: A transmission method and apparatus utilizing Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) precoding based on Distributed Antenna Systems (DASs) are provided. The transmission method includes determining active antenna ports, for a User Equipment (UE) having multiple receive antennas, from among a plurality of Distributed Antenna Ports (DAPs) evenly placed in a service area; assigning a Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) mode to the UE and notifying the UE of the MIMO mode assignment; determining a signal precoding vector on a basis of feedback information for the MIMO mode received from the UE; and precoding a signal using the signal precoding vector and transmitting the precoded signal through the active antenna ports.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving control channels through a wireless backhaul in an OFDM-based communication system including relay nodes is provided. A method for transmitting a control channel includes arranging control resources for at least one receiver; sorting the control resources and null resources in a control channel region; rearranging the control resources to be distributed and the null resources to be adjacent to the distributed control resources; and mapping the control resources and null resources to the control channel region.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) system, the method comprising of determining a CSI-RS pattern type based on a Physical Resource Block (PRB) index of a subframe, assigning, when the subframe is supposed to carry the CSI-RS, CSI-RSs of first to Nth antenna ports to first to Nth Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols of a PRB based on the CSI-RS pattern type, and transmitting the subframe including the PRB in which CSI-RSs of the first to Nth antennas a mapped, wherein the first to Nth CSI-RS pattern types map CSI-RSs of the first to Nth antenna ports to the first to Nth OFDM symbols of the PRB in an alternate manner.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving Downlink Control Information (DCI) in a wireless communication system. A method for transmitting DCI by a base station includes generating DCI including at least one of a data resource allocation indicator, a data format indicator for at least one Transport Block (TB), and a DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) resource allocation indicator corresponding to the at least one TB; and sending the DCI to a terminal. The DMRS resource allocation indicator includes a rank pattern for the at least one TB, an allocated scrambling code type, and DMRS port information.

Abstract: Provided is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system that may provide a plurality of feedback modes. A receiver may feed back, to a transmitter, a base codeword indicator indicating one of base codewords included in the base codebook, a differential codeword indicator indicating one of differential codewords included in the differential codebook, and/or a correlation codeword indicator indicating one of correlation codewords included in the correlation codebook. The transmitter may generate a precoding matrix using at least one of the base codeword indicator, the differential codeword indicator, and the correlation codeword indicator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling transmission and reception of dedicated pilots according to an MCS level in a wireless communication system are provided, in which an MCS level is determined for a data channel, the amount of resources for sending dedicated pilots is determined in inverse proportion to the MCS level, a pilot channel signal including basic pilots mapped to resources allocated to a pilot channel, a control channel signal including control information mapped to resources allocated to a control channel, and a data channel signal including the dedicated pilots mapped to the determined amount of resources being part of resources allocated to the data channel and data mapped to the remaining of the resources allocated to the data channel are generated, and the pilot channel signal, the control channel signal, and the data channel signal are multiplexed and sent in the mapped resources.

Abstract: A method is provided for transmitting a control channel for resource allocation to a terminal by a base station in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) wireless communication system. An additional resource allocation indicator is set indicating whether the number of consecutive resource block sets allocated to a terminal is greater than one. A reference control channel is generated including reference resource allocation information for a first consecutive resource block set and the set additional resource allocation indicator. An additional control channel using additional resource allocation information is generated, when there are one or more additional consecutive resource block sets. At least one of the generated reference control channel and the generated additional control channels is encoded before transmission.

Abstract: A transmission/reception apparatus and method are provided for channel estimation in a mobile communication system for transmitting packet data based on FDMA, and include a transmitter for transmitting signals through a pilot channel and a control channel, and a receiver for receiving the signals of the pilot channel and the control channel and estimating a channel for demodulation of a data channel using the signal of the pilot channel and information about transmission power used when the control channel is transmitted. The receiver includes a pilot channel receiver, a control channel receiver, a control channel signal reproducer, and a channel estimator for performing channel estimation using the signals received through the pilot channel, the control channel, the signal transmitted through the control channel by the transmitter, and the information about transmission power used when the control channel is transmitted by the transmitter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electro-spinning nozzle pack for receiving and then electro-spinning a solution with a fiber feedstock dissolved therein, comprising a body with a solution receiving space to keep the solution supplied, a plurality of solution injection nozzles installed at the body in such a manner that the nozzles are in communication with the solution receiving space, and a high-voltage electrode arranged inside the solution receiving space, for charging the solution therein; and to an electro-spinning system comprising such an electro-spinning nozzle pack.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to utilizing Bluetooth beacons for location determination of a mobile device. A Wi-Fi signal scan and a Bluetooth beacon scan are initiated at the mobile device. A location of the mobile device is determined based on at least on at least one Bluetooth beacon detectable by the mobile device, where the at least one Bluetooth beacon is transmitted from a first location, and where the first location is the location of the mobile device. A user of the mobile device is prompted for location information input, in response to determining that no Bluetooth beacons are detectable by the mobile device or when the at least one Bluetooth beacon detected is determined to be transmitted from a second location different from the location of the mobile device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for feeding back channel quality information and performing scheduling using the fed-back channel quality information in a wireless communication system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). In the OFDMA wireless communication system, forward performance degradation due to a decrease in an amount of reverse channel quality information is reduced, and also an increase in the reverse load due to channel quality information feedback is suppressed. A base station controls power of a physical channel using information fed back from a mobile station. In a method for feeding back channel quality information from the mobile station, sub-band-by-sub-band channel quality information is measured and channel-by-channel quality information of a number of channels is transmitted in order of sub-bands of better channel quality information. Average channel quality information for a total band is measured and transmitted.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for feeding back channel quality information and performing scheduling using the fed-back channel quality information in a wireless communication system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). In the OFDMA wireless communication system, forward performance degradation due to a decrease in an amount of reverse channel quality information is reduced, and also an increase in the reverse load due to channel quality information feedback is suppressed. A base station controls power of a physical channel using information fed back from a mobile station. In a method for feeding back channel quality information from the mobile station, sub-band-by-sub-band channel quality information is measured and channel-by-channel quality information of a number of channels is transmitted in order of sub-bands of better channel quality information. Average channel quality information for a total band is measured and transmitted.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of preparing 1-octene at high activity and high selectivity while stably maintaining reaction activity by tetramerizing ethylene using a chromium-based catalyst system comprising a transition metal or a transition metal precursor, a cocatalyst, and a P—C—C—P backbone structure ligand represented by (R1)(R2)P—(R5)CHCH(R6)—P(R3)(R4).

Abstract: A multi-cell transmission diversity method and apparatus that is capable of forming two virtual antennas of each cell and producing orthogonality of the virtual antennas using an improved precoding technique in an OFDM-based cellular mobile communication system is provided for improving transmission diversity gain with coherent combination of the orthogonal signals at the receiver.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a stator assembly for a motor including: a core member provided with a ring shaped yoke part and a plurality of coil winding parts spaced apart from each other at equidistance in a circumferential direction to be extended from the yoke part; and a tip member alternately provided with at least one mounting part having hollow parts and made of a magnetic material and at least one connecting part disposed between the mounting parts, wherein each of the end portions of the coil winding parts is fixedly positioned at each of the hollow parts.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for forming Control Channel Elements (CCEs) from Resource Element Groups (REGs) that are located in one or more Physical Resource Block (PRB) pairs from a set of PRB pairs, for determining a first symbol in a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) for a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), and for determining whether the PDSCH includes all PRB pairs indicated by a respective PDCCH scheduling the PDSCH.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for forming Control Channel Elements (CCEs) from Resource Element Groups (REGs) that are located in one or more Physical Resource Block (PRB) pairs from a set of PRB pairs, for determining a first symbol in a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) for a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), and for determining whether the PDSCH includes all PRB pairs indicated by a respective PDCCH scheduling the PDSCH.