Abstract: A capacitor may include a lower electrode structure, a dielectric layer and an upper electrode structure. The lower electrode structure may include a first lower pattern, a first deformation-preventing layer pattern and a second lower pattern. The first lower pattern may have a cylindrical shape. The first deformation-preventing layer pattern may be formed on an inner surface of the first lower pattern. The second lower pattern may be formed on the first deformation-preventing layer pattern. The dielectric layer may be formed on the lower electrode structure. The upper electrode structure may be formed on the dielectric layer. Thus, the capacitor may have a high capacitance and improved electrical characteristics.

Abstract: In a method of forming a layer, a precursor composition including a metal and a ligand chelating to the metal is stabilized by contacting the precursor composition with an electron donating compound to provide a stabilized precursor composition onto a substrate. A reactant is introduced onto the substrate to bind to the metal in the stabilized precursor composition. The stabilized precursor composition is provided onto the substrate by introducing the precursor composition onto the substrate after the electron donating compound is introduced onto the substrate. The electron donating compound is continuously introduced onto the substrate during and after the precursor composition is introduced.

Abstract: In a method of forming a layer, a precursor including a metal and a ligand chelating to the metal is stabilized by contacting the precursor with an electron donating compound to provide a stabilized precursor onto a substrate. A reactant is introduced onto the substrate to bind to the metal in the stabilized precursor. The precursor stabilized by the electron donating compound has an improved thermal stability and thus the precursor is not dissociated at a high temperature atmosphere, and the layer having a uniform thickness is formed on the substrate.

Abstract: In a method of forming a strontium ruthenate thin film using water vapor as an oxidizing agent, a strontium source and a ruthenium source are used. The strontium source includes a cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligand, an alkoxide ligand, an alkyl ligand, an amide ligand or a halide ligand, and the ruthenium source includes a beta diketonate ligand.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having a dielectric layer with improved electrical characteristics and associated methods, the semiconductor device including a lower metal layer, a dielectric layer, and an upper metal layer sequentially disposed on a semiconductor substrate and an insertion layer disposed between the dielectric layer and at least one of the lower metal layer and the upper metal layer, wherein the dielectric layer includes a metal oxide film and the insertion layer includes a metallic material film.

Abstract: In a method of fabricating a capacitor, a lower electrode is formed, and a dielectric layer is formed on the lower electrode. An upper electrode is foamed on the dielectric layer opposite the lower electrode. A low-temperature capping layer is formed on the upper electrode at a temperature of less than about 300° C. Related devices and fabrication methods are also discussed.

Abstract: The present invention provides organometallic compounds and methods of forming thin films including using the same. The organometallic compounds include a metal and a ligand linked to the metal. The ligand can be represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group. The thin films may be applied to semiconductor structures such as a gate insulation layer of a gate structure and a dielectric layer of a capacitor.

Abstract: Provided are a scheduling method and apparatus for guaranteeing real-time service quality of Wireless Broadband (WiBro) customer premises equipment (CPE). The scheduling apparatus includes: a real-time protocol (RTP) packet monitoring unit for monitoring an RTP packet passing through a local area network (LAN) section and detecting a bandwidth of real-time service; and a queue managing unit for determining a window size corresponding to the bandwidth of real-time service checked by the RTP packet monitoring unit and generating/changing a real-time service queue. The scheduling method and apparatus monitor an RTP packet and adjust a real-time service queue, thereby ensuring real-time service quality of terminals.

Abstract: In a method of forming a layer, a precursor including a metal and a ligand coordinating to the metal is stabilized by contacting the precursor with an electron donating compound to provide a stabilized precursor into a substrate. A reactant is introduced into the substrate to bind to the metal in the stabilized precursor. The precursor stabilized by the electron donating compound has an improved thermal stability and thus the precursor is not dissociated at a high temperature atmosphere, and the layer having a uniform thickness is formed on the substrate.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a semiconductor device include forming an absorption layer on a surface of a substrate by exposing the surface of the substrate to a first reaction gas at a first temperature. A metal oxide layer is then formed on the surface of the substrate by exposing the absorption layer to a second reaction gas at a second temperature. The first reaction gas may include a precursor containing zirconium (e.g., tetrakis(ethylmethylamino)zirconium) and the second reaction gas may include an oxidizing agent.

Abstract: A dielectric structure includes a first dielectric layer, a buffer oxide layer and a second dielectric layer. The lower dielectric layer has a material having a perovskite structure including titanium and is formed on a substrate. The buffer oxide layer is formed on the first dielectric layer. The second dielectric layer has a perovskite structure including titanium and is formed on the buffer oxide layer.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin film including zirconium titanium oxide including introducing a reactant including a mixture of a zirconium precursor and a titanium precursor onto a substrate, and introducing an oxidizing agent onto the substrate to form a solid material including zirconium titanium oxide on the substrate is provided. The thin film may be applied to a gate insulation layer of the gate structure, a dielectric layer of the capacitor or a flash memory device, and methods of forming the same are provided.

Abstract: Provided are a scheduling method and apparatus for guaranteeing real-time service quality of Wireless Broadband (WiBro) customer premises equipment (CPE). The scheduling apparatus includes: a real-time protocol (RTP) packet monitoring unit for monitoring an RTP packet passing through a local area network (LAN) section and detecting a bandwidth of real-time service; and a queue managing unit for determining a window size corresponding to the bandwidth of real-time service checked by the RTP packet monitoring unit and generating/changing a real-time service queue. The scheduling method and apparatus monitor an RTP packet and adjust a real-time service queue, thereby ensuring real-time service quality of terminals.

Abstract: Methods of forming MIM comprise forming a lower electrode on a semiconductor substrate, forming a lower dielectric layer on the lower electrode, and forming an upper dielectric layer on the lower dielectric layer. The lower dielectric layer may be formed of dielectrics having larger energy band gap than that of the upper dielectric layer. An upper electrode is formed on the upper dielectric layer. The upper electrode may be formed of a metal layer having a higher work function than that of the lower electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides organometallic precursors and methods of forming thin films including using the same. The organometallic precursors include a metal and a ligand linked to the metal. The ligand can be represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group. The thin films may be applied to semiconductor structures such as a gate insulation layer of a gate structure and a dielectric layer of a capacitor.

Abstract: A unit cell structure in a non-volatile semiconductor device includes a lower electrode. The variable resistor is formed on the lower electrode and includes a first insulation thin film, a third insulation thin film, and a second insulation thin film located between the first and third insulation thin films. A breakdown voltage of the second insulation thin film is lower than respective breakdown voltages of the first and third insulation thin films. An upper electrode is formed on the variable resistor.

Abstract: A method of forming a thin film including zirconium titanium oxide including introducing a reactant including a mixture of a zirconium precursor and a titanium precursor onto a substrate, and introducing an oxidizing agent onto the substrate to form a solid material including zirconium titanium oxide on the substrate is provided. The thin film may be applied to a gate insulation layer of the gate structure, a dielectric layer of the capacitor or a flash memory device, and methods of forming the same are provided.

Abstract: Methods of forming MIM comprise forming a lower electrode on a semiconductor substrate, forming a lower dielectric layer on the lower electrode, and forming an upper dielectric layer on the lower dielectric layer. The lower dielectric layer may be formed of dielectrics having larger energy band gap than that of the upper dielectric layer. An upper electrode is formed on the upper dielectric layer. The upper electrode may be formed of a metal layer having a higher work function than that of the lower electrode.