Abstract: The present disclosure provides autotaxin (ATX) inhibitor compounds and compositions including said compounds. The present disclosure also provides methods of using said compounds and compositions for inhibiting ATX. Also provided are methods of preparing said compounds and compositions, and synthetic precursors of said compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of Chemical Formula 1, optical isomers of the compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds or the optical isomers. The compounds, isomers, and salts exhibit excellent activity as GLP-1 receptor agonists. In particular, they, as GLP-1 receptor agonists, exhibit excellent glucose tolerance, thus having a great potential to be used as therapeutic agents for metabolic diseases. Moreover, they exhibit excellent pharmacological safety for cardiovascular systems.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a display device, which may be fabricated using a described method. The display device includes a glass substrate including a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a side surface between the first surface and the second surface, an outermost structure on the first surface of the glass substrate and located adjacent to an edge of one side of the glass substrate, and a display area including a plurality of light emitting areas on the first surface of the glass substrate and located farther from the edge of the one side of the glass substrate than the outermost structure is. A minimum distance from the side surface of the glass substrate to the outermost structure is equal to 130 ?m or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for treating or ameliorating metabolic diseases, cholestatic liver diseases, or organ fibrosis, which comprises administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an isoxazole derivative, a racemate, an enantiomer, or a diastereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the derivative, the racemate, the enantiomer, or the diastereoisomer.

Abstract: A display device may include: a substrate; and a pixel on the substrate, and including an emission area and a non-emission area. The pixel may include: a light emitting element in the emission area, the light emitting element including a first end and a second end; a first pixel electrode electrically connected to the first end of the light emitting element; a second pixel electrode electrically connected to the second end of the light emitting element; an organic transmission layer covering the first end and the second end of the light emitting element, organic transmission layer including a light diffusion particle; and a color conversion layer on the organic transmission layer, the color conversion layer including a color conversion particle to convert a first color of light emitted from the light emitting element to a second color of light.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area, an insulating layer above the substrate, and in the display area and the non-display area, and at least one dam in the non-display area, surrounding the display area, and including a lower dam layer above the substrate, an intermediate dam layer above the lower dam layer, and an upper dam layer covering the lower dam layer and the intermediate dam layer, wherein the insulating layer is between the intermediate dam layer and the upper dam layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel including a first sub-pixel configured to emit a first color light and a second sub-pixel configured to emit a second color light that is different from the first color light. The display includes a substrate including an emission area and a non-emission area surrounding the emission area, a bank in the non-emission area on the substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode in each of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel on the substrate, a light emitting element between the first electrode and the second electrode in the emission area, a wavelength conversion layer on the light emitting element in the emission area, and a protection layer on the substrate. The protection layer includes a first area in the emission area and located between the wavelength conversion layer and the light emitting element, and a second area in the non-emission area.

Abstract: A display device includes pixels including a light emitting area and a non-light emitting area; light emitting elements disposed in the light emitting area; and a bank disposed in the non-light emitting area. The bank includes an opening overlapping the light emitting area in a plan view; a first area spaced apart from the opening; and a second area surrounding the opening and the first area, and a thickness of the second area is greater than a thickness of the first area.

Abstract: A display device includes first and second electrodes disposed on a substrate, the first and second electrodes extending in a direction and being parallel to each other, a first insulating layer disposed on the first and second electrodes, light-emitting elements disposed on the first insulating layer, the light-emitting elements having first end portions disposed on the first electrode and second end portions disposed on the second electrode, and a partition disposed on the first insulating layer and being parallel to the first electrode, the partition including a first part that overlaps the light-emitting elements, and second parts that do not overlap the light-emitting elements, wherein a vertical distance from a top surface of the first electrode to a top surface of the first part is equal to a vertical distance from the top surface of the first electrode to top surfaces of the second parts.

Abstract: A display device includes a first electrode group including a plurality of electrodes, a second electrode group spaced apart from the first electrode group in the first direction and including a plurality of electrodes, light-emitting elements disposed on the electrodes spaced apart from one another in the second direction and having a shape extended in the second direction, and connection electrodes. The connection electrodes includes a first connection electrode, a second connection electrode, a third connection electrode, a fourth connection electrode, and the fifth connection electrode, the first connection electrode is spaced apart from a part of the fourth connection electrode disposed on the second electrode group in the first direction, and the second connection electrode is spaced apart from another part of the fourth connection electrode disposed on the first electrode group in the first direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for efficiently differentiating neural stem cells into astrocytes and, more particularly, to a cell conversion-based method for more efficiently differentiating human neural stem cells into astrocytes that exhibit immune response suppression ability within a short period of time. Unlike a conventional method, the method for differentiating neural stem cells into astrocytes by using a differentiation medium containing a combination of several cytokines, according to the present invention, involves a shortened differentiation time and has excellent differentiation efficiency, and the differentiated astrocytes exhibit immune response suppression ability, and thus can be useful as an agent for treating various brain diseases such as degenerative neurological diseases.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes: a substrate; a first electrode located on the substrate; a second electrode located between the substrate and the first electrode; a first light emitting element located on the same layer as the first electrode; and a contact electrode located on the first light emitting element, wherein one end of the first light emitting element contacts the first electrode, and the other end of the first light emitting element contacts the contact electrode.

Abstract: A pixel may include a substrate, a dummy insulating pattern on the substrate, a first electrode on the substrate and including a (1-1)th electrode and a (1-2)th electrode that are spaced from each other and aligned with each other along a first direction, a second electrode spaced from the first electrode in a second direction different from the first direction, and including a (2-1)th electrode and a (2-2)th electrode that are spaced from each other and aligned with each other along the first direction, a plurality of light emitting elements electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode and emitting light, and a first insulating layer on each of the light emitting elements. Here, the dummy insulating pattern may be connected to one end of at least one of the (1-1)th electrode and the (1-2)th electrode that are aligned with each other along the first direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting teratoma formation or growth, comprising tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) as an effective component. A pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting teratoma formation or growth comprising TIMP-1 or TIMP-2 as an effective component according to the present invention, when used in stem cell therapy, can inhibit the formation and growth of teratomas caused by undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells, without affecting the differentiation potential thereof, and thus can be advantageously used as a combination drug in combination with a stem cell drug.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel, which includes at least one first light emitting element disposed between a first electrode and a second electrode; at least one second light emitting element disposed between a second electrode and a third electrode; at least one third light emitting element disposed between a third electrode and a fourth electrode; a first intermediate electrode disposed on the second electrode and electrically connected to the at least one first light emitting element and the at least one second light emitting element; and a second intermediate electrode disposed on the third electrode and electrically connected to the third light emitting elements. The first intermediate electrode and the second intermediate electrode are electrically connected to each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of converting human fibroblasts into neural stem cells, and more particularly, to a method of directly converting human fibroblasts into neural stem cells using only a combination of small-molecule compounds without any introduction of a foreign gene, and to the use of the neural stem cells. The method of directly converting human fibroblasts into neural stem cells using only small-molecule compounds without any introduction of a foreign gene makes it possible to obtain genetically stable neural stem cells in an amount sufficient for use in cell therapy by deriving them from human fibroblasts. The neural stem cells obtained according to the method of the present invention can differentiate into functional neural cells and are not tumorigenic. Thus, these neural stem cells are useful as cellular therapeutic agents for treatment of brain diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of converting human fibroblasts into neural stem cells, and more particularly, to a method of directly converting human fibroblasts into neural stem cells using only a combination of small-molecule compounds without any introduction of a foreign gene, and to the use of the neural stem cells. The method of directly converting human fibroblasts into neural stem cells using only small-molecule compounds without any introduction of a foreign gene makes it possible to obtain genetically stable neural stem cells in an amount sufficient for use in cell therapy by deriving them from human fibroblasts. The neural stem cells obtained according to the method of the present invention can differentiate into functional neural cells and are not tumorigenic. Thus, these neural stem cells are useful as cellular therapeutic agents for treatment of brain diseases.

Abstract: A laundry machine having a steam generator is disclosed. An embodiment of a laundry machine comprises a drum, a steam generator, and a controller. The steam generator may include a heat-variable heater. The heater may be operated in one setting among a plurality of heat settings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control apparatus for taking out ice of a refrigerator and a method thereof. The present invention includes an input unit for inputting the amount of ice to be taken out; and a taking-out unit for taking out the ice corresponding to the amount inputted to the input unit.

Abstract: A multiple laundry machine is provided. The multiple laundry machine may include multiple washing spaces capable of separately washing relatively small amounts of laundry in each. The multiple laundry machine may include a casing, and a plurality of individual laundry machines arranged in the casing. Each of the individual laundry machines provided in the casing may conduct washing operations in a different manner so as to provide washing capability of different sizes and types of loads.