Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed of a cathode active material including a lithium metal oxide particle having a concentration gradient, and a coating formed on the lithium metal oxide particle, the coating including aluminum, titanium and zirconium, an anode, and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode. The cathode active material includes 2,000 ppm to 4,000 ppm of aluminum, 4,000 ppm to 9,000 ppm of titanium and 400 ppm to 700 ppm of zirconium, based on the total weight of the cathode active material. The performance of the secondary battery may be maintained under a high temperature condition.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a first cathode active material particle and a second cathode active material particle, an anode and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode. The first cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including a continuous concentration gradient in at least one region between a central portion and a surface portion. The second cathode active material particle includes a constant concentration composition.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery containing a cathode active material capable of preventing decreases in power and cycle life occurring at the time of adding a sulfur based additive used in order to improve high-temperature storage characteristics to an electrolyte.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a first cathode active material particle and a second cathode active material particle, an anode and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode. The first cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including a continuous concentration gradient in at least one region between a central portion and a surface portion. The second cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including at least two metals except for lithium which have constant concentrations from a central portion to a surface, and the second cathode active material particle includes an excess amount of nickel among the metals except for lithium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery, more particularly relates to a lithium secondary battery having improved life-span property and penetration safety. The lithium secondary battery of the present invention includes a cathode active material including a metal that has a concentration gradient region, and an anode and a separation layer each including a ceramic coating layer so that life-span property and penetration safety can be remarkably improved.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery. The lithium secondary battery of the present invention uses an electrolyte including the following compound, and a cathode active material including at least one metal of which a concentration at a central portion of the lithium-metal oxide particle is different from that at a surface portion of the lithium-metal oxide particle, and has improved lifetime characteristics and high temperature storage characteristics: wherein R1 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl, R2 to R4 are each independently hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, or -OPF2, a, b, and c are each independently an integer of 0 to 4, and d is an integer of 1 to 3, and when a, b, and c are 2 or more, R2 to R4 may be identical to or different from each other.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery comprises a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The cathode includes a cathode active material containing lithium-metal oxide of which at least one of metals has a continuous concentration gradient from a core part to a surface part thereof, and is doped with transitional metal. The lithium-metal oxide includes elements M1, M2 and M3. One of M1, M2 and M3 has a concentration gradient range in which a concentration increases from the core part to the surface part.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery including a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, and a separation film installed between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, wherein the cathode electrode includes a cathode active material containing lithium-metal oxide of which at least one of metals has a continuous concentration gradient region between a core part and a surface part thereof, the anode electrode includes a ceramic coating layer on at least one surface thereof, and the separation film includes a base film, and a ceramic coating layer formed on at least one surface of the base film, such that it is possible to achieve a significantly improved effect in both of the lifespan property and penetration durability.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery including a cathode, an anode, and a separation film installed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the cathode includes a cathode active material containing lithium-metal oxide of which at least one of the metals has a continuous concentration gradient region between a core part and a surface part thereof, and the separation film includes a base film, and a ceramic coating layer formed on at least one surface of the base film, such that the lifespan property is significantly improved, while exhibiting excellent penetration safety.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery, and more specifically, to a lithium secondary battery including a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, where the cathode includes a cathode active material including a lithium-metal oxide which is doped with a transition metal and includes at least one type of metal having a concentration gradient region between a central portion and a surface portion, and thus having a significantly increased charge/discharge capacity and output at a low temperature to exhibit excellent properties in the low-temperature environment.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a cathode active material particle having a specific concentration ratio, an anode; and a separation layer interposed between the cathode and the anode. The lithium secondary battery has improved formation discharge amount, formation discharge efficiency and power output.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium secondary battery, including a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the cathode includes a cathode active material containing lithium-metal oxide of which at least one of metals has a concentration gradient region between a core part and a surface part thereof, and the non-aqueous electrolyte includes a lithium salt, a polyfunctional nitrile compound and an organic solvent, such that the high-temperature storage and lifespan properties may be improved.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a first cathode active material particle and a second cathode active material particle, an anode and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode. The first cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including a continuous concentration gradient in at least one region between a central portion and a surface portion. The second cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including at least two metals except for lithium which have constant concentrations from a central portion to a surface, and the second cathode active material particle includes an excess amount of nickel among the metals except for lithium.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery including a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The cathode includes a cathode active material containing lithium-metal oxide of which at least one of metals has a concentration gradient region between a core part and a surface part thereof. The lithium-metal oxide includes elements M1, M2, and M3. M3 has a concentration gradient region with increased concentration between the core part and the surface part, M1 has a concentration gradient region with decreased concentration between the core part and the surface part, and M2 has a constant concentration from the core part and the surface part. The anode includes graphite having an average lattice distance d002 of 3.356 to 3.365 ?.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, and a separation film installed between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, wherein the cathode electrode includes a cathode active material containing lithium-metal oxide of which at least one of metals has a concentration gradient region between a core part and a surface part thereof, and the separation film includes a base film and a ceramic coating layer formed on at least one surface of the base film, such that it is possible to achieve a significantly improved effect in both of the lifespan property and penetration durability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium secondary battery, including a cathode, an anode and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the cathode includes a cathode active material containing lithium-metal oxide of which at least one of metals has a concentration gradient region between a core part and a surface part thereof, and the anode includes hard carbon having an average lattice distance (d002) in the range of 3.6 to 3.8 ? and graphite having-an average lattice distance (d002) in the range of 3.356 to 3.360 ?, such that output and high-temperature storage properties may be improved.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a first cathode active material particle and a second cathode active material particle, an anode and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode. The first cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including a continuous concentration gradient in at least one region between a central portion and a surface portion. The second cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including at least two metals except for lithium which have constant concentrations from a central portion to a surface, and the second cathode active material particle includes an excess amount of nickel among the metals except for lithium.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for controlling a fuel cell system, which includes multiple hot boxes including multiple fuel cell stacks, using a reconfigurable network having linear switching complexity, includes: a power conversion system for supplying outputs of normal stacks among the multiple fuel cell stacks to a load; at least one auxiliary power conversion system for supplying an output of at least one deteriorated stack among the multiple stacks to a load; a reconfigurable switch network for connecting in series or in parallel stacks of any hot box to stacks of another hot box; and a control unit for controlling an operation of the reconfigurable switch network by detecting a state of each of the stacks.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a first cathode active material particle and a second cathode active material particle, an anode and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode. The first cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including a continuous concentration gradient in at least one region between a central portion and a surface portion. The second cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including elements the same as those of the first cathode active material particle, and the second cathode active material particle has a uniform composition from a central portion to a surface.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode formed from a cathode active material including a first cathode active material particle and a second cathode active material particle, an anode and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode. The first cathode active material particle includes a lithium metal oxide including a continuous concentration gradient in at least one region between a central portion and a surface portion. The second cathode active material particle includes a constant concentration composition.