Abstract: A real-time acoustic simulation method based on artificial intelligence according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes acquiring medical image data of a target area to be treated; determining ultrasound parameters related to the output of an ultrasonic transducer based on the medical image data; inputting the ultrasound parameters to a numerical model to generate a numerical model based acoustic simulation image for a specific position of the ultrasonic transducer; training an artificial intelligence model using the medical image data and the numerical model based acoustic simulation image; generating an artificial intelligence model based acoustic simulation image for an arbitrary position of the ultrasonic transducer using the trained artificial intelligence model; and outputting a real-time acoustic simulation image with a position change of the ultrasonic transducer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for converting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to a computed tomography (CT) image using an artificial intelligence machine learning model, for use in ultrasound treatment device applications. The method includes acquiring training data including an MRI image and a CT image for machine learning; training an artificial neural network model using the training data, wherein artificial neural network model generates a CT image corresponding to the MRI image, and compares the generated CT image with the original CT image included in the training data; receiving an input MRI image to be converted to a CT image; splitting the input MRI image into a plurality of patches; generating patches of a CT image corresponding to the patches of the input MRI image using the trained artificial neural network model; and merging the patches of the CT image to generate an output CT image.

Abstract: A spacer grid with hybrid flow-mixing devices for nuclear fuel bundle is made up of an intersection of a plurality of thin straps at right angles to form a plurality of cells for receiving and supporting fuel rods. Each strap is composed of two types of strap units, called a primary strap unit and a secondary strap unit, which are alternately arranged along the strap. The primary strap unit is a strap section having a primary vane set, and a secondary strap unit is a strap section having a secondary vane set. The straps intersect such that, by primary and secondary strap units, each intersection forms a hybrid flow-mixing device around the top of each junction. The primary vane set, consisting of a trapezoidal primary vane stand and two bent primary mixing vanes on both sides, protrudes upwardly from the strap and is primarily for generating cross flow between channels.

Abstract: A spacer grid for nuclear fuel assemblies is disclosed. This spacer grid has a plurality of side weld supports, that is, main supports, upper sub-supports and lower sub-supports, on its interlaced inner straps, with two flow mixing vanes integrally extending upward from each of the main supports. This spacer grid is fabricated by seam-welding the interlaced first and second inner straps to each other along the upper axial junction lines of the crossing main and upper sub-supports at the top of the intersections, and along the lower axial junction lines of the crossing lower sub-supports at the bottom of the intersections, thus forming side weld lines at the intersections.

Abstract: A spacer grid for use in a nuclear fuel assembly has double-deflected vanes that guide an axial flow of coolant around fuel rods and thereby generate swirl flow. The vanes each have a double bend projecting upwardly from first inner straps and projecting toward one fuel rod. The vanes are sufficiently wide at their bases to prevent inadvertent deformation due to contact with fuel rods during an insertion of fuel rods into the cells. The vanes also make a smooth variation in the cross-sectional area of the coolant channel at the outlet of the spacer grid, thus reducing a loss of pressure during reactor operation.

Abstract: A spacer grid for use in a nuclear fuel assembly has double-deflected vanes that guide an axial flow of coolant around fuel rods and thereby generate swirl flow. The vanes each have a double bend projecting upwardly from first inner straps and projecting toward one fuel rod. The vanes are sufficiently wide at their bases to prevent inadvertent deformation due to contact with fuel rods during an insertion of fuel rods into the cells. The vanes also make a smooth variation in the cross-sectional area of the coolant channel at the outlet of the spacer grid, thus reducing a loss of pressure during reactor operation.

Abstract: A double strip mixing grid for nuclear reactor fuel assemblies is disclosed. This grid is fabricated by intersecting at right angles a plurality of double strips, each fabricated by welding two thin sheets together into a single structure with coolant channels. The mixing grid, having the channels, effectively mixes low temperature coolant with high temperature coolant within a fuel assembly, thus improving the thermal efficiency of the fuel assemblies. This mixing grid also effectively prevents the coolant from being partially overheated, thus improving the soundness of nuclear reactors. This mixing grid also has swirling flow blades and/or lateral flow blades to further improve the thermal efficiency of the fuel assembly. This mixing grid elastically supports the fuel rods by the sheets of the double strips, collaterally acting as positioning springs.

Abstract: A spacer grid for nuclear fuel assemblies is disclosed. This spacer grid has a plurality of side weld supports, that is, main supports, upper sub-supports and lower sub-supports, on its interlaced inner straps, with two flow mixing vanes integrally extending upward from each of the main supports. This spacer grid is fabricated by seam-welding the interlaced first and second inner straps to each other along the upper axial junction lines of the crossing main and upper sub-supports at the top of the intersections, and along the lower axial junction lines of the crossing lower sub-supports at the bottom of the intersections, thus forming side weld lines at the intersections.

Abstract: A spacer grid with hybrid flow-mixing devices for nuclear fuel bundle is made up of an intersection of a plurality of thin straps at right angles to form a plurality of cells for receiving and supporting fuel rods. Each strap is composed of two types of strap units, called a primary strap unit and a secondary strap unit, which are alternately arranged along the strap. The primary strap unit is a strap section having a primary vane set, and a secondary strap unit is a strap section having a secondary vane set. The straps intersect such that, by primary and secondary strap units, each intersection forms a hybrid flow-mixing device around the top of each junction. The primary vane set, consisting of a trapezoidal primary vane stand and two bent primary mixing vanes on both sides, protrudes upwardly from the strap and is primarily for generating cross flow between channels.

Abstract: A nuclear fuel spacer grid, fabricated by intersecting a plurality of grid strips and used for placing and supporting a plurality of elongated fuel rods within a nuclear fuel assembly, is disclosed. The spacer grid of this invention has a plurality of dimple vanes on its grid strips. The dimple vanes are designed to guide the coolant from one cell to neighboring cells of the spacer grid, thus accomplishing a desired coolant mixing effect and increasing the thermal allowance of the fuel rods and accomplishing a high performance fuel assembly. The spacer grid also has a multi-spring structure, consist in of one arc-shaped main spring and two bow-shaped sub-springs. The main spring directly supports the fuel rod within the spacer grid, while the sub-springs have the same radius of curvature as that of the external surface of the fuel rod and effectively support the fuel rod when the main spring fails to support the fuel rod.