Abstract: A wind, river, tidal, or ocean current harnessing module harnesses a value of energy from variable water or wind flow. A water, river or wind turbine or a solar panel may generate variable direct current electrical voltage or variable alternating current. The harnessing module harnesses variable wind, water and solar renewable energy and is connected to a feed forward and feedback voltage regulator apparatus of, for example, a land module and the voltage regulator automatically provides a control voltage to a control motor for a dual ring gear speed converter. Received variable electric power input from harnessing modules is fed forward to the voltage regulator. Variable frequency output of an output generator is corrected by feeding back sampled voltage output of the output generator to the voltage regulator.

Abstract: A river, tidal, wave or ocean current turbine, a wind turbine or a solar panel harnesses an optimum value of renewable energy from variable water flow or wind flow or from electromagnetic energy from sunlight harnessed by photovoltaic conversion to electricity.

Abstract: A river, tidal, wave or ocean current or a wind turbine for generating electricity harnesses a predetermined minimum or baseload value of hydrokinetic/wind energy from variable water/wind flow. A harnessing module may have a waterwheel or propeller and a-generator or a waterwheel or propeller alone. A harnessing module harnesses wind or water energy and may be connected to a land module of electrical and mechanical apparatus by an electrical cable. Received variable electrical input from the harnessing module is converted to a-constant electrical frequency by a connected generator feeding a grid, for example, using a Hummingbird speed converter. The received variable electrical load power may be mechanically corrected by feedback to a Kingfisher converter. An output generator to output constant frequency may use a voltage regulator, a variable voltage transformer and a control motor to provide feed forward control.

Abstract: A river, tidal, wave or ocean current turbine harnesses a predetermined minimum/maximum or baseload value of hydrokinetic energy from variable water flow. A wind turbine for generating electricity may follow similar principles. A harnessing module may consist of a waterwheel and a generator or a waterwheel alone. A harnessing module harnesses wind or water renewable energy and may be preferably connected to a land module of rotational speed control electrical and mechanical apparatus through a flexible electrical cable. Received variable electrical input from harnessing module is converted to a constant electrical frequency by a connected generator feeding a grid, for example, using the Hummingbird speed converter. The received variable electrical load power may be mechanically corrected by feedback to the Kingfisher converter while feedforward control of an output generator to output constant frequency may be provided using a voltage regulator, a variable voltage transformer and a control motor.

Abstract: A river or tidal turbine for generating a minimum predetermined value of electricity from river current received at a harnessing module comprises a harnessing module, a control module and a generating module. Han's principle is that harnessed power from a river or tidal turbine must exceed a predetermined value of control power used by the turbine. Minimum power is lost in a three variable closed mechanical control system. The three variable closed mechanical system comprises a Hummingbird control assembly of first and second spur/helical gear assemblies which may be preferably mechanically simplified. The Hummingbird control, a control motor and a generator among other components may be mounted on a floating platform for delivery of constant power at constant frequency given sufficient input from a waterwheel harnessing module driven by river current flow in at least one direction.

Abstract: A speed converter converting infinitely variable reciprocating input to uni-directional output, for example, comprising a driver, the driver comprising a variable pitch cam and a rack gear and one-way clutch bearings or Sprags and output shaft, the driver having an oblong shape may be converted to provide direction control in either of two directions and free-wheeling. The one-way clutch bearings or Sprags of a first Goldfinch speed converter are modified to comprise, concentric with the output shaft, a permanent magnet imbedded in a driven gear and direction controlling stator coils. A plurality of four (or more) electrical pulses (sine curves) may be applied to the stator coils to provide three possible outputs of desired speed: a forward output direction, a neutral or free-wheeling output and a reverse output direction.

Abstract: A marine hydrokinetic electric power or wind power generator may have three modules: a harnessing module, a controlling module, and a generating module. The harnessing module may have one of a propeller and a waterwheel for receiving wind or water energy. The controlling module may have a gearbox comprising gears for matching the expected wind or water generating power to an output power, a control motor, and a three variable gear assembly. The three variables are a variable input, a constant output and a constant speed control motor input variable. The variable input is received from the harnessing module and the constant output is delivered to an electricity generator. A generating module (generator) generates output power which may be a multiple of ten times the power rating of the controlling module (the constant speed control motor).

Abstract: A river turbine for harnessing a predetermined minimum or baseload value of hydrokinetic energy from river current received at a harnessing module has three modules: the harnessing module, a controlling module and a generating module. Han's principle is that, in a torque balanced speed converter Hummingbird system, the generated electric power (output) from a harnessed input power (input) must exceed the electric power used for the control motor (control). Harnessed power is provided to the power balanced three variable mechanical control system when a control power line graph is crossed by an output power line graph to achieve an electrical advantage. The three variable mechanical motion control system includes a Hummingbird control assembly of first and second spur/helical gear, first and second ring gear and first and second bevel/miter gear Transgear gear assemblies.

Abstract: A harnessing module for harnessing renewable wind and water energy has opposing concentric wings for rotation about a turbine shaft having a hub having a wing support shaft for supporting each wing of at least one pair of opposing concentric wings for use in generating renewable electrical energy. Each concentric wing of the opposing concentric wings may have a circular leading edge or a curved leading edge for facing one of air and water flow. Hence, the opposing concentric wings rotate about the turbine shaft in-line with a horizontal flow of air or water such that the turbine shaft faces a flow direction of the air or water and forms a harnessing module for generating electricity from either the wind or water flow.

Abstract: A harnessing module for harnessing renewable wind and water energy comprises opposing concentric wings for rotation about a shaft having a hub comprising at least one pair of opposing concentric wings for use in generating renewable electrical energy. Each concentric wing of the opposing concentric wings may have a circular leading edge for facing one of air and water flow, each concentric wing having a generally curved upper surface but for a curved downward surface and a sharp trailing edge opposite the circular leading edge of each concentric wing. The circular side and curved upper surface are preferably at a positive angle of attack where one of water or wind flow is received at the circular side and provides lifting rotation of the opposing concentric wings. Hence, the opposing concentric wings rotate about the turbine shaft and comprise a harnessing module for generating electricity from either the wind or water flow.

Abstract: Three variable gear assemblies called Transgears, an electro-mechanical rotary frequency converter, and a variable overlap generator (VOG), may be used independently and together to provide constant frequency and voltage output power from variable input water flow and wind speed. Two sets of three variable spur/helical gear assemblies of sun and planetary gear sets are combined in a mechanical three variable control to form an assembly called a Hummingbird. A Hummingbird control may comprise a constant speed control motor and a constant speed generator to produce required constant frequency and voltage. In order to provide a constant control input, a constant rotational speed can be produced by a control motor. Once a constant rotational speed is produced, a constant electric frequency and constant AC voltage can be produced by the variable output generator.

Abstract: A river turbine for harnessing a predetermined minimum or baseload value of hydrokinetic energy from river current received at a harnessing module comprises the harnessing module, a controlling module and a generating module. Han's principle is that, in a torque balanced speed converter Hummingbird system, the generated electric power (output) from a harnessed input power (input) must exceed the electric power used for the control motor (control). Harnessed power is provided to the power balanced three variable mechanical control system when a control power line graph is crossed by an output power line graph to achieve an electrical advantage. The three variable mechanical motion control system comprises a Hummingbird control assembly of first and second spur/helical/ring/bevel/miter/worm and pinion gear assemblies or Transgear assemblies.

Abstract: A marine hydrokinetic electric power or wind power generator comprises a harnessing module, a controlling module, and a generating module, the harnessing module comprising one of a propeller and a waterwheel for receiving wind or water energy, the controlling module further comprising a magnetic gearbox for matching the expected wind or water generating power to an output power, a control motor, and a Hummingbird comprising first and second Transgears and simplifications and variations thereof has three variables, input, output and control and connects the three modules. The assembly of harnessing module, controlling module and the generating module comprises an input shaft from the harnessing module and a constant speed control motor which may be an alternating current or direct current control input and a generator for generating power output and works like a rotary frequency converter: the rotational speed (rpm) of the control input dictates the frequency to be generated.

Abstract: Three controls, three variable gear assemblies, an optional hatch or variable propeller pitch, and a variable overlap generator (VO generator), as well as one or more commutator and brush-less free direct current generators may be used independently and together to provide constant frequency and voltage output power and to increase the amount of output power generated with the same input water flow or wind speed in a plurality of embodiments useful in wind power generation and water renewable energy generators for any of tidal and ocean current or wave conditions. Two Transgear™ assemblies side-by-side and sharing the same central shaft may comprise a constant speed motor control, produce required constant frequency and voltage and be reduced in part count and complexity.

Abstract: A speed converter converting infinitely variable reciprocating input to uni-directional output, for example, comprising a driver, the driver comprising a variable pitch cam and a rack gear and one-way clutch bearings or Sprags and output shaft, the driver having an oblong shape may be converted to provide direction control in either of two directions and free-wheeling. The one-way clutch bearings or Sprags of a first Goldfinch speed converter are modified to comprise, concentric with the output shaft, a permanent magnet imbedded in a driven gear and direction controlling stator coils. A plurality of four (or more) electrical pulses (sine curves) may be applied to the stator coils to provide three possible outputs of desired speed: a forward output direction, a neutral or free-wheeling output and a reverse output direction.

Abstract: A river or tidal turbine for generating a minimum predetermined value of electricity from river current received at a harnessing module comprises a harnessing module, a control module and a generating module. Han's principle is that harnessed power from a river or tidal turbine must exceed a predetermined value of control power used by the turbine. Minimum power is lost in a three variable closed mechanical control system. The three variable closed mechanical system comprises a Hummingbird control assembly of first and second spur/helical gear assemblies which may be preferably mechanically simplified. The Hummingbird control, a control motor and a generator among other components may be mounted on a floating platform for delivery of constant power at constant frequency given sufficient input from a waterwheel harnessing module driven by river current flow in at least one direction.

Abstract: Three variable gear assemblies called Transgears, an electro-mechanical rotary frequency converter, and a variable torque and power generator (VT&PG) referred to herein as a variable overlap generator (VOG), may be used independently and together to provide constant frequency and voltage output power and to increase the amount of output power generated with the same input water flow, wind speed, or solar energy. Two sets of three variable spur/helical gear assemblies of sun and planetary gear sets are combined in a mechanical three variable control to form an assembly called a Hummingbird. A Hummingbird control may comprise a constant speed control motor and a constant speed generator to produce required constant frequency and voltage and be reduced in part count and complexity. In order to provide a constant control input, a constant DC voltage can be produced and a DC motor and, for example, a brush-less and commutator-less direct current generator can be used.

Abstract: Three controls, three variable gear assemblies, a hatch, and a variable torque and power generator (VT&PG), may be used independently and together to provide constant frequency and voltage output power and to increase the amount of output power generated with the same input water flow or wind speed. A three variable spur/helical gear assembly of sun and planetary gear sets is a mechanical three variable control and referred to herein as a Transgear™ gear assembly, simply Transgear. A hatch wraps around a waterwheel and may control the amount of water inlet to the system by opening and closing and may be controlled by Transgears and a VT&PG. Two Transgears may comprise a constant speed motor control and produce required frequency and voltage and be reduced in part count and complexity.

Abstract: Three controls, three variable gear assemblies, an optional hatch or variable propeller pitch, and a variable overlap generator (VO generator), as well as one or more commutator and brushless free direct current generators may be used independently and together to provide constant frequency and voltage output power and to increase the amount of output power generated with the same input water flow or wind speed in a plurality of embodiments useful in wind power generation and water renewable energy generators for any of tidal and ocean current or wave conditions. Two Transgear™ assemblies side-by-side and sharing the same central shaft may comprise a constant speed motor control, produce required constant frequency and voltage and be reduced in part count and complexity.

Abstract: Three controls, three variable gear assemblies, a hatch, and a variable torque and power generator (VT&PG), may be used independently and together to provide constant frequency and voltage output power and to increase the amount of output power generated with the same input water flow or wind speed. A three variable spur/helical gear assembly of sun and planetary gear sets is a mechanical three variable control and referred to herein as a Transgear™ gear assembly, simply Transgear. A hatch wraps around a waterwheel and may control the amount of water inlet to the system by opening and closing and may be controlled by Transgears and a VT&PG. Two Transgears may comprise a constant speed motor control and produce required frequency and voltage and be reduced in part count and complexity.