Abstract: A method, performed by a receiver, for controlling congestion, including receiving packets from a transmitter, determining a maximum transmission rate of the received packets; determining a minimum packet delay of the received packets; determining characteristics of a congestion window of next packets to be received from the transmitter based on the maximum transmission rate and the minimum packet delay; and transmitting information on the determined characteristics of the congestion window to the transmitter.

Abstract: A nail clipper, of which a fixed body is operated with a lever, is folded by a board spring, and unfolding angle between the fixing body and the lever is maintained in certain angle, so that the fingernail can be cut safely, at the same time, when the present invention is not used, a putting green is renewed by a cover board, which eliminates the angle, covering the said lever that maintains the angle by board spring.

Abstract: A nail clipper, of which a fixed body is operated with a lever, is folded by a board spring, and unfolding angle between the fixing body and the lever is maintained in certain angle, so that the fingernail can be cut safely, at the same time, when the present invention is not used, a putting green is renewed by a cover board, which eliminates the angle, covering the said lever that maintains the angle by board spring.

Abstract: A nail clipper, of which a fixed body is operated with a lever, is folded by a board spring, and unfolding angle between the fixing body and the lever is maintained in certain angle, so that the fingernail can be cut safely, at the same time, when the present invention is not used, a putting green is renewed by a cover board, which eliminates the angle, covering the said lever that maintains the angle by board spring.

Abstract: A nail clipper, of which a fixed body is operated with a lever, is folded by a board spring, and unfolding angle between the fixing body and the lever is maintained in certain angle, so that the fingernail can be cut safely, at the same time, when the present invention is not used, a putting green is renewed by a cover board, which eliminates the angle, covering the said lever that maintains the angle by board spring.

Abstract: A gas lighter which is ignited only when the cap is open and a safety switch is released and when the cap is closed, it is automatically locked again, and of which the nozzle is open, whenever the cap is open and even when the cap is open, the gas does not flow out through the nozzle and just when the safety switch is adjusted to lift the nozzle, and then the nozzle is finally open.

Abstract: An exact movement of the scissors is provided by using elastic power of an elastic panel fixed on the fixed scissors body, wherein the front edge is installed in the coupling groove of the moving scissors body. A lighter or the flashlight may be mounted on the pocket tool. By installing the rear part of the elasticity panel such that the front edge has a part cut properly on the same line and to cooperate with the fixed scissors body and by installing the front edge of the part in the coupling groove made in the lower edge of the moving scissors body, it is possible to move the scissors exactly and repetitively because only the front edge part of the elasticity panel conveys the elastic power and is confined by the moving scissors body. The rear part of the elasticity panel is fixed on the fixed scissors body, and the flashlight or lighter etc. is coupled to the hollow surface formed by the coupling projection of the body.

Abstract: A pocket tool is disclosed. A mount panel of the pocket tool has a hollow coupling projection for pivoting varieties of tool members as well as for fixing the mount panel to the other mount panel. A turn-up scissors are interposed between the opposed mount panels and coupled to the hollow coupling projection. The scissors have a return spring at the cross for automatically opening the scissors, the return spring being placed in a space defined by slots formed about cross coupling holes and fitted over a cross coupling pin at the cross of the scissors such that the return spring is out of view and improves the appearance of the pocket tool. The scissors are also free from any trouble and achieve the recent trend of compactness.