Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds of Chemical Formula 1, optical isomers of the compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds or the optical isomers. The compounds, isomers, and salts exhibit excellent activity as GLP-1 receptor agonists. In particular, they, as GLP-1 receptor agonists, exhibit excellent glucose tolerance, thus having a great potential to be used as therapeutic agents for metabolic diseases. Moreover, they exhibit excellent pharmacological safety for cardiovascular systems.

Abstract: A first mobile device including; first charging terminals, a power line communication modem configured to supply power to a second mobile device connected with the first charging terminals and to perform data communication with the second mobile device, wherein the data communication includes a plurality of data packets, and a microcontroller unit configured to generate primary data including a first data packet among the plurality of data packets, wherein the first data packet includes a first header and a first data message, wherein the first header includes a first code indicating a purpose for the first data packet, and the first data message includes upper bits indicating a destination for data and lower bits indicating a number of data packets included in a first group in the data.

Abstract: A method for downloading software in a portable terminal is provided. The method includes decrypting authentication information of first binary data transmitted from a downloader; comparing the version of the first binary data with the version of second binary data stored in the portable terminal by using the authentication information; and determining whether to permit download of the first binary data based on the comparison result obtained by comparing the version of the first binary data and the version of the second binary data.