Abstract: A display apparatus is disclosed that includes contact holes formed to expose at least a portion of a conductive layer or a semiconductor layer without damage to the surface of the conductive layer or the semiconductor layer, and a method of manufacturing the display apparatus. The display apparatus includes a substrate, a conductive mound arranged on the substrate, a first insulating mound arranged on the substrate, and a semiconductor layer including a first region arranged on the conductive mound, and a second region arranged on the first insulating mound. The second region of the semiconductor layer substantially covers an upper surface of the first insulating mound.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a thin film transistor facing a substrate with a buffer layer therebetween and including a semiconductor layer, a channel region, a source region, a drain region, and a gate electrode; a conductive pattern between the substrate and the semiconductor layer and connected to the semiconductor layer, the conductive pattern facing the semiconductor layer with the buffer layer therebetween; a contact hole in the buffer layer and exposing the conductive pattern to outside the buffer layer; and a display element which is electrically connected to the thin film transistor. The source region or the drain region extends through the contact hole in the buffer layer, to contact the conductive pattern and connect the semiconductor layer to the conductive pattern.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a bispecific antibody that specifically binds to alpha-synuclein and IGF1R, and an use of the bispecific antibody for the prevention, treatment and/or diagnosis of synucleinopathies associated with alpha-synuclein or alpha-synuclein aggregates, and can allow the alpha-synuclein antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof to penetrate the blood brain barrier to exert its action in the brain, and extend the half-life to maintain the efficacy for a long time.

Abstract: A controller of a memory system performs a soft decoding without additional reads. The controller applies each of read voltages to cells to obtain a corresponding cell count and corresponding data, stores the obtained data, and processes the stored data. The controller determines a set of parameters, based on (i) the read voltages, (ii) cell counts corresponding to the read voltages and (iii) a non-negative regularization parameter. The controller estimates an optimal read voltage based on the set of parameters, generates log-likelihood ratio (LLR) values using the processed data and the optimal read voltage and performs soft decoding using the LLR values.

Abstract: Provided is a phthalazinone compound, or a racemate, steroisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of Sirt6-associated diseases, including as an active ingredient, a phthalazinone compound, or a racemate, steroisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a method for treating Sirt6-associated diseases including administering a phthalazinone compound, or a racemate, steroisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a subject in need.

Abstract: A controller of a memory system performs a soft decoding without additional reads. The controller applies each of read voltages to cells to obtain a corresponding cell count and corresponding data, stores the obtained data, and processes the stored data. The controller determines a set of parameters, based on (i) the read voltages, (ii) cell counts corresponding to the read voltages and (iii) a non-negative regularization parameter. The controller estimates an optimal read voltage based on the set of parameters, generates log-likelihood ratio (LLR) values using the processed data and the optimal read voltage and performs soft decoding using the LLR values.

Abstract: A memory controller performs an error recovery operation. The controller performs a read operation on a select block using a select read level; decodes data associated with the read operation to generate a syndrome value; determines whether to stop, before a maximum number of iterations, the read operation and the decoding at the select read level, using the syndrome value; when it is determined to stop the read operation and the decoding at the select read level, selects a next read level in a sequence of read levels; and uses the next read level for a subsequent read operation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel drug delivery conjugated moiety for oral administration of a drug that is not suitable for oral administration or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. When the drug delivery conjugated moiety of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is combined with a drug, which is not suitable for oral administration, and is administered orally, it exhibits an excellent absorption rate without decreasing the biological activities of the drug. Moreover, the drug delivery conjugated moiety of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be easily prepared in a few steps, which is very advantageous in terms of mass production.

Abstract: Provided is a novel pyrrolopyridine compound represented by Chemical Formula I, a racemate or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and to a method for preparing the same. A compound represented by Chemical Formula I shows high selectivity and antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with low toxicity; therefore, it is useful as a therapeutic agent for viral infection, in particular, HIV infection.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices, systems and methods for improving the reliability of retrieving information from a memory device. An exemplary method includes obtaining a plurality of cell counts for each of a plurality of read voltages applied to the memory device, each of the plurality of cell counts representing a number of cells having a cell voltage value that is within a voltage band corresponding to the read voltage applied thereto, generating, based on the plurality of cell counts, the plurality of read voltages and a design parameter, a set of estimated parameters, the design parameter being based on one or more properties of the memory device, determining an updated read voltage based on the estimated set of parameters, and applying the updated read voltage to the memory device to retrieve the information from the memory device.

Abstract: A memory controller performs an error recovery operation. The controller performs a read operation on a select block using a select read level; decodes data associated with the read operation to generate a syndrome value; determines whether to stop, before a maximum number of iterations, the read operation and the decoding at the select read level, using the syndrome value; when it is determined to stop the read operation and the decoding at the select read level, selects a next read level in a sequence of read levels; and uses the next read level for a subsequent read operation.

Abstract: A cooking appliance including a cooking chamber configured to cook food therein and openable in a first direction, a shelf provided to be inserted into the cooking chamber in the first direction and having a cooking surface on which food is placed, a magnetron configured to generate high frequency waves to be supplied to the shelf, and a heat generating member configured to generate heat by the high frequency waves generated by the magnetron. Where the cooking surface includes a first area on one side and a second area on another side, the heat generating member includes a first heat generating portion configured to supply heat to the first area and a second heat generating portion disposed to correspond to the second area, and the first heat generating portion supplies more heat to the first area than the second heat generating portion supplies to the second area.

Abstract: A cooking appliance including a cooking chamber configured to cook food therein and openable in a first direction, a shelf provided to be inserted into the cooking chamber in the first direction and on which food is placed, and a plurality of heaters configured to supply heat to the shelf and disposed at one side of the cooking chamber. Where the shelf includes a first area arranged at one side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and a second area arranged at another side in the second direction. The plurality of heaters includes a first heater disposed to correspond to the first area in a third direction perpendicular to the first and second areas and a second heater disposed to correspond to the second area in the third direction. The plurality of heaters configured to provide more heat to the first area than to the second area.

Abstract: A laundry treating apparatus includes a tub, a drum, a cover defining a detergent inlet, a storage body configured to store the detergent, a barrier partitioning an interior of the storage body into first and second detergent spaces, a storage unit water supply nozzle configured to supply water to the first detergent space, a first body through hole defined at a bottom surface of the storage body, a first discharge pipe, a second discharge pipe, a siphon formation pipe surrounding the first discharge pipe and being configured to flow liquid from the first detergent space to the first body through hole based on a liquid level inside the first detergent space, and a space communication unit configured to flow liquid from the first detergent space to the second detergent space based on liquid not being discharged to an outside of the first detergent space through the first body through hole.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel nucleoside or nucleotide derivative, a racemate thereof, a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating viral infection-associated diseases, containing the same as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Provided is a novel pyrrolopyridine compound represented by Chemical Formula I, a racemate or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and to a method for preparing the same. A compound represented by Chemical Formula I shows high selectivity and antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with low toxicity; therefore, it is useful as a therapeutic agent for viral infection, in particular, HIV infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing an end site-specific macromolecule-bile acid oligomer conjugate, comprising conjugating a bile acid oligomer which is prepared by oligomerization of two or more bile acid monomers to the terminal site of a macromolecule; a method for body absorption of an end site-specific macromolecule-bile acid oligomer conjugate, comprising administering the macromolecule-bile acid oligomer conjugate prepared by the above method to a subject orally; an end site-specific macromolecule-bile acid oligomer conjugate wherein the bile acid oligomer is conjugated to the terminal site of macromolecule; a composition comprising the conjugate; an oral formulation for macromolecule comprising the conjugate, a solubilizer, an excipient, a disintegrant, a binder, and a lubricant; a pharmaceutical composition comprising a heparin-bile acid oligomer conjugate wherein the bile acid oligomer is conjugated to the terminal site of heparin; and a method for treating thrombosis using said

Abstract: Disclosed are devices, systems and methods for improving the reliability of retrieving information from a memory device. An exemplary method includes obtaining a plurality of cell counts for each of a plurality of read voltages applied to the memory device, each of the plurality of cell counts representing a number of cells having a cell voltage value that is within a voltage band corresponding to the read voltage applied thereto, generating, based on the plurality of cell counts, the plurality of read voltages and a design parameter, a set of estimated parameters, the design parameter being based on one or more properties of the memory device, determining an updated read voltage based on the estimated set of parameters, and applying the updated read voltage to the memory device to retrieve the information from the memory device.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel 3-aminopyridines of the formula wherein B1, B2 and R1 to R6 are as defined in the description and in the claims, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. These compounds are GPBAR1 agonists and can be used as medicaments for the treatment of diseases such as type II diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel dihydropyranopyrimidinone derivative, a tautomer thereof, a stereoisomer thereof and their mixture, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a tankyrase-related disease, which contains the same as an active ingredient.